• PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) has been renamed as PMOS - Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome.
• The renaming was published in medical journal The Lancet after 14 years of global collaboration.
• PMOS highlights that the disorder is not limited to “ovarian cysts” but involves endocrine, metabolic and reproductive systems.
• PMOS symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, acne, excess hair growth, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
• In PMOS, follicles in the ovary often remain immature (“arrested follicles”) instead of maturing and releasing eggs.
• India has a high prevalence of PMOS/PCOS - estimated around 16%–18% among women.
• The term “metabolic” was added because PMOS is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
• The “thrifty genotype hypothesis” is linked with higher susceptibility to obesity and Type-2 diabetes in calorie-abundant environments.
#CA2026
• The renaming was published in medical journal The Lancet after 14 years of global collaboration.
• PMOS highlights that the disorder is not limited to “ovarian cysts” but involves endocrine, metabolic and reproductive systems.
• PMOS symptoms include irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, acne, excess hair growth, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
• In PMOS, follicles in the ovary often remain immature (“arrested follicles”) instead of maturing and releasing eggs.
• India has a high prevalence of PMOS/PCOS - estimated around 16%–18% among women.
• The term “metabolic” was added because PMOS is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
• The “thrifty genotype hypothesis” is linked with higher susceptibility to obesity and Type-2 diabetes in calorie-abundant environments.
#CA2026
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• The ongoing high-level engagement is informally being referred to as the Trump–Xi Summit / US–China Beijing Summit 2026.
• Donald Trump’s China visit is the first by a sitting US President in nearly a decade after his 2017 Beijing visit.
• The current US–China talks are centred on four major issues - trade tariffs, Taiwan, AI chip exports and the Iran-West Asia crisis.
#CA2026
#SUMMIT
• Donald Trump’s China visit is the first by a sitting US President in nearly a decade after his 2017 Beijing visit.
• The current US–China talks are centred on four major issues - trade tariffs, Taiwan, AI chip exports and the Iran-West Asia crisis.
#CA2026
#SUMMIT
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Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGBs) are issued by RBI on behalf of Government of India and are denominated in grams of gold.
• SGBs provide 2.5% annual interest + market-linked gold price appreciation.
• SGB maturity: 8 years; premature exit allowed after 5th year.
• Capital gains on SGB redemption are tax-free for individuals.
Gold Monetisation Scheme (2015) aims to mobilise idle household gold and reduce gold imports.
• Gold Monetisation Scheme offers Short-term (1–3 yrs), Medium-term (5–7 yrs) and Long-term (12–15 yrs) deposits.
Gold tokenisation means converting ownership of physical gold into blockchain/DLT-based digital tokens.
• Tokenised gold enables fractional ownership and digital trading of gold-backed assets.
• India’s CBDC is e₹ (Digital Rupee) issued by RBI; it is legal tender unlike cryptocurrencies.
• Gold imports significantly affect India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD); gold remains one of India’s largest import items after crude oil.
#CA2026
#ECONOMY
• SGBs provide 2.5% annual interest + market-linked gold price appreciation.
• SGB maturity: 8 years; premature exit allowed after 5th year.
• Capital gains on SGB redemption are tax-free for individuals.
Gold Monetisation Scheme (2015) aims to mobilise idle household gold and reduce gold imports.
• Gold Monetisation Scheme offers Short-term (1–3 yrs), Medium-term (5–7 yrs) and Long-term (12–15 yrs) deposits.
Gold tokenisation means converting ownership of physical gold into blockchain/DLT-based digital tokens.
• Tokenised gold enables fractional ownership and digital trading of gold-backed assets.
• India’s CBDC is e₹ (Digital Rupee) issued by RBI; it is legal tender unlike cryptocurrencies.
• Gold imports significantly affect India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD); gold remains one of India’s largest import items after crude oil.
#CA2026
#ECONOMY
“Shiva Nataraja” is a Chola-period bronze sculpture originally belonging to Sri Bhava Aushadesvara Temple, Thiruthuraipoondi Taluk, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu.
• The sculpture was photographed in the temple in 1957 and later found to have been removed illegally from India.
• Two antiquities have already reached India:
1. “Somaskanda-Shiva and Uma” - 12th century Chola period bronze.
2. “Saint Sundarar with Paravai” - 16th century Vijayanagara-period bronze.
• “Shiva Nataraja” is currently displayed at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art (US) and will return to India in 2028 under a long-term loan arrangement.
• Nataraja represents Lord Shiva as the “Cosmic Dancer”, symbolising creation, preservation and destruction in Shaivism.
• Chola bronze sculptures are famous for the lost-wax casting technique (cire perdue method).
#CA2026
#HISTORY
• The sculpture was photographed in the temple in 1957 and later found to have been removed illegally from India.
• Two antiquities have already reached India:
1. “Somaskanda-Shiva and Uma” - 12th century Chola period bronze.
2. “Saint Sundarar with Paravai” - 16th century Vijayanagara-period bronze.
• “Shiva Nataraja” is currently displayed at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Asian Art (US) and will return to India in 2028 under a long-term loan arrangement.
• Nataraja represents Lord Shiva as the “Cosmic Dancer”, symbolising creation, preservation and destruction in Shaivism.
• Chola bronze sculptures are famous for the lost-wax casting technique (cire perdue method).
#CA2026
#HISTORY
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• Bihar government approved the Bihar Electric Vehicle (Amendment) Policy, 2026 to promote green mobility and women empowerment.
• Target: 30% of all new vehicles registered in Bihar to be electric by 2030.
• Women purchasing electric four-wheelers will receive a direct subsidy of ₹1 lakh per vehicle.
• Women buyers of electric two-wheelers will receive ₹12,000 subsidy.
• Under the scheme, incentives will be provided through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
• Scheme name: “Mukhyamantri Bihar Paryavaran Anukul Parivahan Rozgar Yojana”.
• Electric cargo three-wheelers: subsidy up to ₹50,000 (general category) and ₹60,000 (SC/ST beneficiaries).
• Policy aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, cut fossil fuel consumption, and generate employment through EV-based transport services.
#BIHARspecial
• Target: 30% of all new vehicles registered in Bihar to be electric by 2030.
• Women purchasing electric four-wheelers will receive a direct subsidy of ₹1 lakh per vehicle.
• Women buyers of electric two-wheelers will receive ₹12,000 subsidy.
• Under the scheme, incentives will be provided through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
• Scheme name: “Mukhyamantri Bihar Paryavaran Anukul Parivahan Rozgar Yojana”.
• Electric cargo three-wheelers: subsidy up to ₹50,000 (general category) and ₹60,000 (SC/ST beneficiaries).
• Policy aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, cut fossil fuel consumption, and generate employment through EV-based transport services.
#BIHARspecial
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• Assam Cabinet approved implementation of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC), but tribal populations residing in both hills and plains will remain outside its purview.
• Under the proposed Assam UCC, religious rituals/customs are exempted, while provisions may regulate minimum age of marriage, compulsory registration of marriage/divorce, abolition of polygamy, inheritance rights, and live-in relationships.
• Five Indian states share border with Bangladesh:-West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram; among them West Bengal has the longest border, while Assam has the shortest stretch.
#CA2026
#STATE
• Under the proposed Assam UCC, religious rituals/customs are exempted, while provisions may regulate minimum age of marriage, compulsory registration of marriage/divorce, abolition of polygamy, inheritance rights, and live-in relationships.
• Five Indian states share border with Bangladesh:-West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram; among them West Bengal has the longest border, while Assam has the shortest stretch.
#CA2026
#STATE
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