• ASER = Annual Status of Education Report; conducted by NGO PRATHAM FOUNDATION

• PARAKH = Performance Assessment, Review and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development; India’s national assessment regulator under NCERT

• UDISE+ = Unified District Information System for Education Plus - national school database maintained by Ministry of Education.

• NAS (National Achievement Survey) is conducted by NCERT to assess learning outcomes in schools.

• Article 21A + RTE Act, 2009 provide constitutional/legal basis for free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 years.

• NEP 2020 introduced “Foundational Literacy and Numeracy (FLN)” mission-NIPUN Bharat.

• Kalai-II HEP —> proposed 1,200 MW run-of-the-river project on the Lohit River, a major tributary of the Brahmaputra River.

• Lohit riverine habitat is important for the critically endangered White-bellied Heron.

• White-bellied Heron is protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 — highest legal protection category under the Act.

• “Run-of-the-river” hydropower projects generally have limited water storage and depend mainly on natural river flow for electricity generation.

#CA2026

Brahmayoni hills--> Gaya

#BIHARspecial
👇👇

NCERT CONQUEST

Course link
https://bukbeo.on-app.in/app/oc/774502/bukbeo?utm_source%3Dcopy-link%26utm_medium%3Dtutor-course-referral%26utm_campaign%3Dcourse-overview-app

AMOC (Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation)
• A large system of ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean acting like a global conveyor belt.
• Transfers warm, salty surface water northward and returns cold, dense deep water southward.
• Regulates climate of Europe, North Atlantic and monsoon systems.

How ocean currents work
• Driven mainly by differences in:
1. Temperature (thermo)
2. Salinity (haline)
• Hence called Thermohaline Circulation.
• Cold + salty water —> denser —> sinks.
• Warm water —> lighter —> remains near surface.

Why AMOC is weakening
• Rapid melting of Greenland/Arctic ice adds fresh water to North Atlantic.
• Fresh water lowers salinity and density —> weakens sinking process.
• This slows the conveyor-belt circulation.

Prelims trap
• AMOC is not a wind-driven current alone; density differences are crucial.
• Global warming does not mean all regions warm uniformly - AMOC weakening may cool some regions like Europe.

#CA2026
#GEOGRAPHY
#GS2mains
👇👇

Class 9 science NCERT

CLASS 9 SCIENCE NCERT

Photoperiodism + Check out the JPSC Prelims question on photo periodism

NCERT CONQUEST

Course link
https://bukbeo.on-app.in/app/oc/774502/bukbeo?utm_source%3Dcopy-link%26utm_medium%3Dtutor-course-referral%26utm_campaign%3Dcourse-overview-app

Class 6 and Class 7 - SCIENCE NCERT FLASHCARDS COMPILATION

#SCIENCE
#NCERT_CONQUEST

Explanation in Comments section 👇