๐ธBihar State Climate-Resilient Farming๐ธ
๐ธThe Bihar state is set to relaunch its climate-resilient farming scheme for the upcoming Rabi season.
Implementation and Crop Cycle Determination:
๐ธThe climate-resilient farming scheme will be relaunched in the upcoming Rabi season.
๐ธCrop cycles will be determined based on the specific conditions of each district.
Promotion of Seed Production:
๐ธThe scheme will also focus on boosting seed production.
๐ธHigh-quality seeds that can withstand adverse climatic conditions will be promoted.
๐ธSeed production will be carried out on at least 20 acres in each district.
๐ธPure seeds will be made available to farmers in association with the stateโs agricultural universities.
History and Expansion of the Program:
๐ธThe climate-resilient agriculture program began in 8 districts of the state in 2019.
๐ธDue to positive results in the first year, the program was expanded to all districts in 2020.
๐ธAfter 5 years, the first phase in the initially selected 8 districts is completed, and the scheme will be re-implemented in the Rabi season.
๐ธNew villages will be selected for the program instead of previously chosen ones.
#BIHARspecial
๐ธThe Bihar state is set to relaunch its climate-resilient farming scheme for the upcoming Rabi season.
Implementation and Crop Cycle Determination:
๐ธThe climate-resilient farming scheme will be relaunched in the upcoming Rabi season.
๐ธCrop cycles will be determined based on the specific conditions of each district.
Promotion of Seed Production:
๐ธThe scheme will also focus on boosting seed production.
๐ธHigh-quality seeds that can withstand adverse climatic conditions will be promoted.
๐ธSeed production will be carried out on at least 20 acres in each district.
๐ธPure seeds will be made available to farmers in association with the stateโs agricultural universities.
History and Expansion of the Program:
๐ธThe climate-resilient agriculture program began in 8 districts of the state in 2019.
๐ธDue to positive results in the first year, the program was expanded to all districts in 2020.
๐ธAfter 5 years, the first phase in the initially selected 8 districts is completed, and the scheme will be re-implemented in the Rabi season.
๐ธNew villages will be selected for the program instead of previously chosen ones.
#BIHARspecial
๐4
๐ธIsraeli Technology Implementation in Muzaffarpur Litchi๐ธ
An Israeli company is set to implement technology to preserve Shahi Litchi for up to four days. This will help maintain the litchiโs redness and sweetness.
Benefits for Farmers:
๐ธLitchi treated with this technology can be transported safely across the country, even at temperatures of 40-42 degrees Celsius.
๐ธCurrently, litchis stay fresh for only two days after being harvested.
Plant Installation:
๐ธThe Israeli company will set up plants in Kanti and Bandra blocks of Muzaffarpur.
๐ธMachines will be provided to farmers for INR 11,000 to keep litchis fresh at current temperatures.
๐ธ Position: India is the second largest producer of litchi in the world, after China.
#BIHARspecial
An Israeli company is set to implement technology to preserve Shahi Litchi for up to four days. This will help maintain the litchiโs redness and sweetness.
Benefits for Farmers:
๐ธLitchi treated with this technology can be transported safely across the country, even at temperatures of 40-42 degrees Celsius.
๐ธCurrently, litchis stay fresh for only two days after being harvested.
Plant Installation:
๐ธThe Israeli company will set up plants in Kanti and Bandra blocks of Muzaffarpur.
๐ธMachines will be provided to farmers for INR 11,000 to keep litchis fresh at current temperatures.
๐ธ Position: India is the second largest producer of litchi in the world, after China.
#BIHARspecial
โค5๐2
โฆ๏ธProject-76โฆ๏ธ
๐DRDO has started preliminary study on design and development of indigenous conventional submarine under Project-76.
What is Project-76?
๐Under Project 76, the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau is working on the design and development of the country's first indigenous conventional diesel-electric submarine.
๐The Indian Navy wants to build 12 submarines under Project 76.
๐These submarines will include some of the most advanced features such as indigenous weapon control systems and lithium-ion batteries.
๐The objective of this project is to reduce dependence on foreign original equipment manufacturers for submarine design.
#defense
๐DRDO has started preliminary study on design and development of indigenous conventional submarine under Project-76.
What is Project-76?
๐Under Project 76, the Indian Navy's Warship Design Bureau is working on the design and development of the country's first indigenous conventional diesel-electric submarine.
๐The Indian Navy wants to build 12 submarines under Project 76.
๐These submarines will include some of the most advanced features such as indigenous weapon control systems and lithium-ion batteries.
๐The objective of this project is to reduce dependence on foreign original equipment manufacturers for submarine design.
#defense
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INDIA DEVELOPING STRATEGIC CHECKPOINT IN IOR
Summary: The proposal
๐ธA greenfield city has been proposed, including an International Container Trans-shipment Terminal (ICTT), a greenfield international airport, a power plant.
๐ธThe port will be controlled by the Indian Navy, while the airport will have dual military-civilian functions and will cater to tourism as well.
#GALATHEAisland- imp for #70thBPSC
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
Summary: The proposal
๐ธA greenfield city has been proposed, including an International Container Trans-shipment Terminal (ICTT), a greenfield international airport, a power plant.
๐ธThe port will be controlled by the Indian Navy, while the airport will have dual military-civilian functions and will cater to tourism as well.
#GALATHEAisland- imp for #70thBPSC
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐
Why government is keen to develop this Island?
Economic reasons:-
๐ธThe governmentโs greater goal is to leverage the locational advantage of the island for economic and strategic reasons.
๐ธGreat Nicobar is equidistant from Colombo to the southwest and Port Klang and Singapore to the southeast.
๐ธIt is positioned close to the East-West international shipping corridor, through which a very large part of the worldโs shipping trade passes.
๐ธThe proposed ICTT can potentially become a hub for cargo ships travelling on this route.
๐ธAs per the NITI Aayog report, the proposed port will allow Great Nicobar to participate in the regional and global maritime economy by becoming a major player in cargo transshipment.
Strategic & Security reasons:-
๐ธThe proposal to develop Great Nicobar was first floated in the 1970s, and its importance for national security and consolidation of the Indian Ocean Region has been repeatedly underlined.
๐ธIncreasing Chinese assertion in the Bay of Bengal and the Indo-Pacific has added great urgency to this imperative in recent years.
Concerns:-
๐ธThe proposed massive infrastructure development in an ecologically important and fragile region has alarmed many environmentalists.
๐ธThe loss of tree cover will not only affect the flora and fauna on the island, it will also lead to increased runoff and sediment deposits in the ocean, impacting the coral reefs in the area.
๐ธEnvironmentalists have also flagged the loss of mangroves on the island as a result of the development project.
Steps taken by the government to address these concerns:-
๐ธThe Zoological Survey of India is currently in the process of assessing how much of the reef will have to be relocated for the project.
๐ธIndia has successfully translocated a coral reef from the Gulf of Mannar to the Gulf of Kutch earlier.
๐ธA conservation plan for the leatherback turtle is also being put in place.
๐ธAs per the government, the project site is outside the eco-sensitive zones of Campbell Bay and Galathea National Park.
Economic reasons:-
๐ธThe governmentโs greater goal is to leverage the locational advantage of the island for economic and strategic reasons.
๐ธGreat Nicobar is equidistant from Colombo to the southwest and Port Klang and Singapore to the southeast.
๐ธIt is positioned close to the East-West international shipping corridor, through which a very large part of the worldโs shipping trade passes.
๐ธThe proposed ICTT can potentially become a hub for cargo ships travelling on this route.
๐ธAs per the NITI Aayog report, the proposed port will allow Great Nicobar to participate in the regional and global maritime economy by becoming a major player in cargo transshipment.
Strategic & Security reasons:-
๐ธThe proposal to develop Great Nicobar was first floated in the 1970s, and its importance for national security and consolidation of the Indian Ocean Region has been repeatedly underlined.
๐ธIncreasing Chinese assertion in the Bay of Bengal and the Indo-Pacific has added great urgency to this imperative in recent years.
Concerns:-
๐ธThe proposed massive infrastructure development in an ecologically important and fragile region has alarmed many environmentalists.
๐ธThe loss of tree cover will not only affect the flora and fauna on the island, it will also lead to increased runoff and sediment deposits in the ocean, impacting the coral reefs in the area.
๐ธEnvironmentalists have also flagged the loss of mangroves on the island as a result of the development project.
Steps taken by the government to address these concerns:-
๐ธThe Zoological Survey of India is currently in the process of assessing how much of the reef will have to be relocated for the project.
๐ธIndia has successfully translocated a coral reef from the Gulf of Mannar to the Gulf of Kutch earlier.
๐ธA conservation plan for the leatherback turtle is also being put in place.
๐ธAs per the government, the project site is outside the eco-sensitive zones of Campbell Bay and Galathea National Park.
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๐ฎ๐ณ Jaishankar arrives at Astana venue for SCO sitdown
Indian EAM was welcomed by Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev upon his arrival.
Indian EAM was welcomed by Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev upon his arrival.
Regional States
With the decline of the Mughal Empire during the first half of the 18th century, many independent and semi-independent states emerged.
1. Successor States: Bengal, Awadh, and Hyderabad.
Bengal: Murshid Quli Khan became Governor of Bengal in 1717. He established the dynastic rule in Bengal.
Awadh: Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk was appointed Governor of Avadh in 1722. He established the autonomous kingdom of Avadh.
Hyderabad: Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah founded the state of Hyderabad in 1724.
2. New States (Insurgent States): Maratha, Afghan, Jat, and Punjab.
Maratha: In 1713, Shahu made Balaji Vishwanath his Peshwa. Gradually, the Peshwa became the de facto ruler of the Maratha Empire.
Jat: Churaman and Badan set up the Jat state of Bharatpur. It reached its highest glory under Suraj Mal, who ruled from 1756 to 1763.
Punjab: Ranjit Singh established the autonomous state of Punjab in 1801.
3. Independent Kingdoms: Rajput states, Kerala and Mysore.
Rajput States: Raja Sawai jai Singh became the ruler of Amber in 1699.
Kerala: King Martanda Varma became the ruler of Travancore in 1729.
Mysore: In 1761, Haidar Ali established his authority over the Mysore state.
With the decline of the Mughal Empire during the first half of the 18th century, many independent and semi-independent states emerged.
1. Successor States: Bengal, Awadh, and Hyderabad.
Bengal: Murshid Quli Khan became Governor of Bengal in 1717. He established the dynastic rule in Bengal.
Awadh: Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk was appointed Governor of Avadh in 1722. He established the autonomous kingdom of Avadh.
Hyderabad: Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah founded the state of Hyderabad in 1724.
2. New States (Insurgent States): Maratha, Afghan, Jat, and Punjab.
Maratha: In 1713, Shahu made Balaji Vishwanath his Peshwa. Gradually, the Peshwa became the de facto ruler of the Maratha Empire.
Jat: Churaman and Badan set up the Jat state of Bharatpur. It reached its highest glory under Suraj Mal, who ruled from 1756 to 1763.
Punjab: Ranjit Singh established the autonomous state of Punjab in 1801.
3. Independent Kingdoms: Rajput states, Kerala and Mysore.
Rajput States: Raja Sawai jai Singh became the ruler of Amber in 1699.
Kerala: King Martanda Varma became the ruler of Travancore in 1729.
Mysore: In 1761, Haidar Ali established his authority over the Mysore state.