Probable Prelims Topics #138

✅India has extended its support  for protecting the Antarctic environment and for co-sponsoring the proposal of the EU for designating East Antarctica and the Weddell Sea as Marine Protected Areas (MPA)

👉CCAMLR was established by international convention in 1982 with the objective of conserving Antarctic marine life.
👉It’s Secretariat is located in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

❗️MPAs do not necessarily exclude fishing, research or other human activities; in fact, many MPAs are multi-purpose areas.

✅India's Missions:
●BHARATI
●MAITRI
●DAKSHIN GANGOTRI

✅ The terms -
●ATTITUDE HOLD
●TERMINAL DESCENT
●ROUGH BRAKING
are related to different phases of landing of Chandrayaan 3.

✅PVC SIMCARDS

CONTEXT- Bharti Airtel switches to recycled PVC SIM cards over plastic simcards to reduce green house gas emissions.

👉Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a synthetic polymer made from the polymerization of vinyl chloride.

✅Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) includes-
●Chemical Resistance
●Weather Resistance
●Flame Retardance
●Electrical insulation
●Durability

✅MADAI MELA-
👉Madai is a significant Adivasi festival of Chhattisgarh.
👉Tribal communities venerate Goddess Danteshwari.

✅KARAGA-
👉Karaga is the festival of the Thigala community.
👉Karaga is a folk dance form of Karnataka, which is dedicated to the goddess Draupadi.

✅MOATSU-
👉Ao tribe of Nagaland.

✅Kharchi Puja- Tripura

👉The Charter of the UN is the founding document of the UN. It was signed on 26th June 1945, in San Francisco and came into force on 24th October 1945.

✅Article 99 is considered discretionary, allowing the Secretary-General to highlight critical issues. However, can NOT force UNSC to take any decision.

👉As such, the UN Charter is an instrument of international law, and UN Member States are bound by it.
👉The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the primary judicial body of the United Nations, operates by its Statute.

👉The Geographical Indication Registry, a division of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry’s Department of Industry Promotion and Internal Trade, is responsible for issuing GI tags
👉GI Act ,1999

✅International Conventions on GI Tags-
●Paris Convention
●Lisbon System
●Madrid System

✅Other important GI tags-
👉ODISHA: Kapdaganda shawl, Lanjia Saura Painting, Kai Chutney, Kanteimundi Brinjal

👉Uttarakhand : Lakhori Chilli, Mandua, Berinag Tea, Bicchubati fabric

👉Arunachal: Wancho wooden craft, Adi Kekir, Idu Mishmi

👉Bengal: Tangail saree, Serial
👉J&K: Ramban Anardana
👉Meghalaya: Lakadong
👉Tamil Nadu: Karuppur Kalamkari Painting

👉It works by sealing the waste inside an oxygen-free chamber and heating it above 400 degrees Celsius. Useful chemicals are produced in the process.

✅Significance:

👉The BioTRIG system could help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from communities by nearly 350 kg of CO2-eq per capita per annum.

✅ Other facts related to women development-
👉National Sex Ratio improved to 1020 for the FIRST time
👉Paid maternity leave increased to 26 weeks
👉72% women ownership under PM Awas Yojana Gramin.
👉84% of the beneficiaries under Stand-Up India are women.

✅Other women related schemes like Poshan Abhiyan , Mahila Samman Savings Certificate, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana among others becomes Important.

✅ Other facts related to women development-
👉National Sex Ratio improved to 1020 for the FIRST time
👉Paid maternity leave increased to 26 weeks
👉72% women ownership under PM Awas Yojana Gramin.
👉84% of the beneficiaries under Stand-Up India are women.

✅Other women related schemes like Poshan Abhiyan , Mahila Samman Savings Certificate, Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana among others becomes Important.

👉 The Vision@2047 aims to achieve a 💲30trillion economy by
2047 with the percapita income of USD 18000-20000

👉Currently India is the 5th largest economy in the world.

✅For Green India 'Panchamrit Targets' becomes Important
●Achieving a non-fossil energy capacity of 500 GW by 2030.
●Sourcing 50% of its total energy needs from renewable energy sources by 2030.
●Reducing the country's total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes between the present day and 2030.
●Decreasing the carbon intensity of India's economy by 45% by 2030, based on 2005 levels.
●Achieving the goal of net zero carbon emissions by 2070.

✅Related Topic : The world marked the first-ever International Day of Zero Waste on March 30, 2023.
👉The UNEP and the UN-Habitat jointly facilitate the observance of International Day of Zero Waste.

✅ Initiatives of the UNEP includes
- International Resources Panel
- Life Cycle Initiative

👉The Union Environment ministry in association with the UNDP has been implementing ‘Secure Himalaya’ project to conserve the habitats of snow leopards.
👉Funded by the Global Environment Facility.
👉It was launched in 2017.

✅During the event the NMCG also signed a Memorandum of Common Purpose (MoCP) with the Mississippi River Cities and Towns Initiative (MRCTI), representing 124 cities/towns situated along the banks of the Mississippi River, the United States.

✅ In India, The RCA is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) & the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)

👉NMCG was listed as a society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.

✅It offers seamless transit permits, managing records for both inter-state and intra-state transportation of timber, bamboo and other forest produce obtained from various sources like private lands, government owned forest and private depots.

✅Transit permits will be issued for tree species which are regulated, while the users can self-generate No Objection Certificates for exempted species.

👉SDEROT - Israel
👉DAGESTAN- Russia
👉LIBERVILLE- Gabon

❓Do you know the surrounding countries of these places ? Map them.

✅Factual position vis-à-vis IMF's Article IV consultations with India

👉 Government Debt in India is overwhelmingly rupee-denominated, with external borrowings (from bilateral and multilateral sources) contributing a minimal amount.

👉The General Government debt (including both State and Centre) has steeply declined from about 88 per cent in FY 2020-21 to about 81 per cent in 2022-23.

👉Debt to GDP Ratio- India @81%

❓Are you aware of organisational structure of IMF ?