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๐Ÿ‘‰ NATO formed in 1949 with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty.

โœ…Original Members: The original 12 founding members of NATO were Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

โœ… Finland becomes the 31st member.
โœ…In the Union Budget 2023-24 the government has announced a mission to eliminate Sickle cell Anaemia by 2047.

โœ…The State Haemoglobinopathy Mission has been established in Madhya Pradesh to address the challenges in screening and management of the disease.
โœ…The International Rhino Foundation (IRF) published the report, State of the Rhino, 2023 which documents current population estimates and trends for the five surviving rhino species in Africa and Asia.

๐Ÿ‘‰Greater one-horned rhino - only species found in India.
๐Ÿ‘‰Every year, World Rhino Day is observed on 22th September.
๐Ÿ‘‰It was first announced by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) - South Africa in 2010.
๐Ÿ‘‰Kaziranga National Park has the highest number of Rhino population in the India.
๐Ÿ‘‰South Africa accounts for about half of the total black rhino population on the African continent.
๐Ÿ‘‰This report is a result of the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI) Program, a significant scientific exercise that provides crucial insights into the snow leopard population in India.
๐Ÿ‘‰The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) served as the National Coordinator for the SPAI and in partnership with Nature Conservation Foundation.
โœ…Estimate- Ladakh (477), Uttarakhand (124), Himachal Pradesh (51), Arunachal Pradesh (36), Sikkim (21), and Jammu and Kashmir (9)
๐Ÿ‘‰2023 declared as International Year of Millets .
๐Ÿ‘‰ Indigenous varities of small millets- KODO, KUTKI,CHENNA andSANWA
๐Ÿ‘‰Earliest evidence-3000BC
๐Ÿ‘‰India accounts for 20% of global production and 80% of Asia's production.

โœ…Climatic Conditions-
โ—Short growing season (70-100 days)
โ—Kharif crop
โ—Lower water requirement(35-50cm)
๐Ÿ‘‰Recommendations of the Selection Committee will be valid even when there is a vacancy in this Committee.
๐Ÿ‘‰The salary and conditions of service of the CEC and ECs will be equivalent to that of Cabinet Secretary.  Under the 1991 Act, it was equivalent to the salary of a Supreme Court Judge.
Probable Prelims Topics #121

Israel-palestine conflict-
โœ… Places in news
โœ… Neighbouring countries- Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon
โœ…๏ธAbraham accords between the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Israel, promising to normalize ties between these Arab Gulf states and Israel.
๐Ÿ‘‰Published annually since 2005 by Germanwatch, the NewClimate Institute, and Climate Action Network International.
๐Ÿ‘‰ INDIA retaining spot in Top-10 countries for 5th term in a row.
First 3 spots left vacant . 4th position to Denmark.

โœ…Performance Metrics: The CCPI evaluates countries across four key categories: Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions (40%), Renewable Energy (20%), Energy Use (20%), and Climate Policy (20%).
With regard to the modern history of India, the book titled as " Credo of World Peasantry" was authored by
Anonymous Quiz
5%
Jawahar Lal Nehru
50%
N.G. Ranga
37%
Neelakanta shastri
8%
V.V.Giri
Components of FOREX Reserves
The historical Heliodorus pillar also called as Garuda pillar at Besnagar, Vidisha was erected by Heliodorus during the reign of
Anonymous Quiz
23%
Mauryans
26%
Satavahanas
32%
Kushans
19%
Shungas
With regard to the society of Ancient India, the term "Vanigars" pertains to
Anonymous Quiz
13%
Devotional singers
30%
Customs officials
47%
Traders
10%
Spies
Providing reservation of seats to women in Lok Sabha, is a power enabled to the parliament for making such law was provided by
Anonymous Quiz
28%
Article 361-A
23%
Article 15
41%
Article 331
8%
Article 39
โœ…Key feauture of US democracy

โœ…In India, political redistricting is handled by the Delimitation Commission of India which is constituted by the Central Government after the Parliament has enacted a Delimitation Act (under Article 82) after every census. It has been set up 4 times to date. Fresh delimitation has been frozen till 2026.
๐Ÿ‘‰Mission DIVYASTRA

โœ…As of now, the United States, Russia, China, France and the United Kingdom are known to have MIRV-equipped missiles.

โœ…These missiles can be launched from land or from sea (or from a submarine).