𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐟𝐥𝐢𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐧𝐞𝐰𝐬
👉𝐃𝐚𝐫𝐟𝐮𝐫 𝐫𝐞𝐠𝐢𝐨𝐧 - 𝐒𝐮𝐝𝐚𝐧
👉𝐊𝐢𝐯𝐮- 𝐃𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐜𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐮𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐜 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐠𝐨
👉𝐒𝐞𝐲𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐠𝐚- 𝐁𝐮𝐫𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐚 𝐅𝐚𝐬𝐨
👉𝐌𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐤𝐚- 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐢

Prelims Probable Topics #105

● The Ministry of Commerce will be the nodal department.
●Largest state producer- Maharashtra.
● Varities of Turmeric- Pitamber and Keshari

》》 FEATURES OF TURMERIC
👉It is a perennial herbaceous plant belongs to the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).
👉Soil and climate: A friable well drained red loamy soil  is ideal.
👉Rain: It can be grown in regions receiving an annual rainfall of 1500 mm.
👉Temperature: range of 20 to 35 °C.

👉 Signed in G20 summit 2022
👉Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII)

👉The East Corridor – connecting India to the Arabian Gulf.
👉The Northern Corridor – connecting the Gulf to Europe.

✅ Signatories:
India, the US, Saudi Arabia, UAE, the European Union, Italy, France, and Germany

👉 The USA is the largest producer globally.
👉National Policy on buofuels 2018, amended in 2022 to enhance production in India.
👉Ethanol Blending target E20 by 2025

✅Some non edible biofuels include- Pongamia Pinnata, Castor, Jatropa, Hibiscus Cannabinus, Melia Azadirachta

✅known for its distinctive blend of Bhumija style prevalent in Central India, the Nagara traditions of northern and western India, and the Karnataka Dravida modes favored by the Kalyani Chalukyas.

✅Shantinekan also included in the list.

✅The BRICS (prior to expansion) represented 41% of the global population, 24% of the global GDP, and 16 % of the global trade.
👉Since 2009, its summits are held annually.
❌ However Argentina refused to join BRICS.

👉 NATO formed in 1949 with the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty.

✅Original Members: The original 12 founding members of NATO were Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

✅ Finland becomes the 31st member.

✅In the Union Budget 2023-24 the government has announced a mission to eliminate Sickle cell Anaemia by 2047.

✅The State Haemoglobinopathy Mission has been established in Madhya Pradesh to address the challenges in screening and management of the disease.

✅The International Rhino Foundation (IRF) published the report, State of the Rhino, 2023 which documents current population estimates and trends for the five surviving rhino species in Africa and Asia.

👉Greater one-horned rhino - only species found in India.
👉Every year, World Rhino Day is observed on 22th September.
👉It was first announced by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) - South Africa in 2010.
👉Kaziranga National Park has the highest number of Rhino population in the India.
👉South Africa accounts for about half of the total black rhino population on the African continent.

👉This report is a result of the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI) Program, a significant scientific exercise that provides crucial insights into the snow leopard population in India.
👉The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) served as the National Coordinator for the SPAI and in partnership with Nature Conservation Foundation.
✅Estimate- Ladakh (477), Uttarakhand (124), Himachal Pradesh (51), Arunachal Pradesh (36), Sikkim (21), and Jammu and Kashmir (9)

👉2023 declared as International Year of Millets .
👉 Indigenous varities of small millets- KODO, KUTKI,CHENNA andSANWA
👉Earliest evidence-3000BC
👉India accounts for 20% of global production and 80% of Asia's production.

✅Climatic Conditions-
●Short growing season (70-100 days)
●Kharif crop
●Lower water requirement(35-50cm)

👉Recommendations of the Selection Committee will be valid even when there is a vacancy in this Committee.
👉The salary and conditions of service of the CEC and ECs will be equivalent to that of Cabinet Secretary.  Under the 1991 Act, it was equivalent to the salary of a Supreme Court Judge.

Probable Prelims Topics #121

Israel-palestine conflict-
✅ Places in news
✅ Neighbouring countries- Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon
✅️Abraham accords between the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Israel, promising to normalize ties between these Arab Gulf states and Israel.

👉Published annually since 2005 by Germanwatch, the NewClimate Institute, and Climate Action Network International.
👉 INDIA retaining spot in Top-10 countries for 5th term in a row.
First 3 spots left vacant . 4th position to Denmark.

✅Performance Metrics: The CCPI evaluates countries across four key categories: Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions (40%), Renewable Energy (20%), Energy Use (20%), and Climate Policy (20%).

Components of FOREX Reserves