Certainly! Here are 30 multiple-choice questions based on the given topics:

1. Marginalization refers to the treatment of a person or social group as:
a) important and central
b) minor and insignificant
c) equal and inclusive
d) powerful and influential

2. Which of the following is an example of a marginalized social group?
a) Craft workers
b) Majority population
c) Religious minorities
d) Wealthy individuals

3. Vulnerability refers to the state of being exposed to:
a) physical or emotional injuries
b) social interactions
c) marriage relations
d) economic opportunities

4. Gender-based marginalization primarily affects:
a) Men and boys
b) Women and girls
c) Older people
d) People with disabilities

5. Marginalized occupational groups include:
a) Doctors and lawyers
b) Tanners and potters
c) Teachers and engineers
d) Farmers and fishermen

6. Spatial marginalization refers to the exclusion of marginalized groups from:
a) social events
b) economic activities
c) intermarriage
d) living in urban areas

7. Economic marginalization involves the exclusion of marginalized groups from:
a) land ownership
b) education opportunities
c) political participation
d) healthcare services

8. Cultural marginalization is manifested in:
a) positive stereotyping
b) equal treatment
c) negative stereotyping
d) inclusive social events

9. Age-based vulnerability primarily affects:
a) Women and girls
b) Older people
c) Religious minorities
d) Craft workers

10. Girls are exposed to double marginalization and discrimination due to:
a) Their age
b) Their gender
c) Their ethnicity
d) Their religion

11. Ageism refers to:
a) discrimination based on age
b) discrimination based on gender
c) discrimination based on religion
d) discrimination based on ethnicity

12. Older persons are considered marginalized because they are seen as:
a) social assets
b) economic contributors
c) custodians of tradition
d) a burden to society

13. Religious and ethnic minorities have experienced marginalization and discrimination in:
a) Ethiopia only
b) Europe only
c) Different parts of the world
d) Developed countries only

14. Jewish and Muslim Rohingyas have faced discrimination and persecution primarily in:
a) Ethiopia
b) Europe
c) Asia
d) North America

15. Marginalized groups are excluded from which of the following?
a) Social interactions
b) Marriage relations
c) Economic activities
d) All of the above

16. Vulnerable groups are exposed to the possibilities of:
a) social isolation
b) physical injuries
c) emotional harms
d) All of the above

17. Gender inequality involves discrimination based on:
a) age
b) race
c) gender
d) religion

18. Marginalized occupational groups in Ethiopia include:
a) doctors and engineers
b) potters and tanners
c) teachers and lawyers
d) farmers and fishermen

19. Spatial marginalization involves living:
a) in urban areas
b) near forests
c) on fertile land
d) in the city center

20. Economic marginalization excludes marginalized groups from:
a) land ownership
b) education opportunities
c) political power
d) healthcare services

21. Cultural marginalization is manifested through:
a) positive stereotyping
b) inclusive social events
c) negative stereotyping
d) equal treatment

22. Vulnerability is the state of being exposed to:
a) physical or emotional injuries
b) social interactions
c) economic opportunities
d) political power

23. Girls are vulnerable to gender-based violence such as:
a) rape and domestic violence
b) early marriage and abduction
c) female genital cutting/mutilation
d) All of the above

24. Age-based marginalization affects:
a) children and older people
b) men and women equally
c) religious and ethnic minorities
d) craft workers

25. Ageism refers to discrimination against people based on:
a) their age
b) their gender
c) their religion
d) their ethnicity

26. Older persons have been considered as custodians of:
a) tradition, culture, and history
b) economic resources
c) political power
d) social events

27. Marginalization of older persons is influenced by:
a) rural-urban migration
b) changes in values and lifestyle
c) education and employment opportunities
d) All of the above

28. Religious minorities are marginalized based on their:
a) age
b) gender
c) religion
d) ethnicity

29. Marginalization and discrimination against religious and ethnic minorities occur:
a) only in Ethiopia
b) only in developed countries
c) in different parts of the world
d) in rural areas only

30. Jewish and Muslim Rohingyas have faced discrimination and persecution in:
a) Ethiopia
b) Europe
c) Asia
d) North America

Please note that the answers to these questions can be found in the provided text.

Here are the responses to the questions:

1. Marginalization refers to the treatment of a person or social group as:
b) minor and insignificant

2. Which of the following is an example of a marginalized social group?
c) Religious minorities

3. Vulnerability refers to the state of being exposed to:
a) physical or emotional injuries

4. Gender-based marginalization primarily affects:
b) Women and girls

5. Marginalized occupational groups include:
b) Tanners and potters

6. Spatial marginalization refers to the exclusion of marginalized groups from:
d) living in urban areas

7. Economic marginalization involves the exclusion of marginalized groups from:
a) land ownership

8. Cultural marginalization is manifested in:
c) negative stereotyping

9. Age-based vulnerability primarily affects:
b) Older people

10. Girls are exposed to double marginalization and discrimination due to:
b) Their gender

11. Ageism refers to:
a) discrimination based on age

12. Older persons are considered marginalized because they are seen as:
d) a burden to society

13. Religious and ethnic minorities have experienced marginalization and discrimination in:
c) Different parts of the world

14. Jewish and Muslim Rohingyas have faced discrimination and persecution primarily in:
c) Asia

15. Marginalized groups are excluded from which of the following?
d) All of the above

16. Vulnerable groups are exposed to the possibilities of:
d) All of the above

17. Gender inequality involves discrimination based on:
c) gender

18. Marginalized occupational groups in Ethiopia include:
b) potters and tanners

19. Spatial marginalization involves living:
a) in urban areas

20. Economic marginalization excludes marginalized groups from:
a) land ownership

21. Cultural marginalization is manifested through:
c) negative stereotyping

22. Vulnerability is the state of being exposed to:
a) physical or emotional injuries

23. Girls are vulnerable to gender-based violence such as:
d) All of the above

24. Age-based marginalization affects:
a) children and older people

1. What is Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) defined as?
a) A technical insight of wisdom gained and developed by people in a particular locality through years of careful observation and experimentation.
b) A set of scientific knowledge generated by universities and research institutions.
c) An international knowledge system developed by private firms.
d) A modernized approach to managing socioeconomic, ecological, and spiritual problems.

2. What are the distinguishing features of Indigenous Peoples according to the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII)?
a) Close attachment to modern territories and natural resources.
b) Presence of industrial social and political institutions.
c) Subsistence-oriented economic systems.
d) Historical continuity with pre-colonial and/or pre-settler societies.

3. What is the significance of Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in rural communities?
a) It contrasts the international knowledge system.
b) It is the basis for local-level decision making in various activities.
c) It is only present in urban societies as part of life.
d) It is developed outside the formal system including development planning.

4. According to Ellen and Harris (1996), what are the special features of indigenous knowledge that distinguish it from other knowledge?
a) It is theoretical knowledge easily codifiable.
b) It is transmitted through written documentation.
c) It is rooted in a particular community and situated within broader cultural traditions.
d) It is constantly changing and perceived as static by external observers.

5. How does Indigenous Knowledge (IK) contribute to development?
a) It hinders the development process in various sectors.
b) It is irrelevant to agriculture, animal husbandry, and traditional medicine.
c) It provides cost-effective and sustainable mechanisms for poverty alleviation.
d) It decreases livelihood options and food security.

6. What is the challenge for the development community in regards to Indigenous Knowledge (IK)?
a) Finding ways to learn about indigenous institutions and practices.
b) Promoting the imposition of educational and religious systems.
c) Encouraging cultural homogenization in local communities.
d) Mobilizing capital for development projects.

7. What is a significant factor contributing to the loss of Indigenous Knowledge (IK)?
a) Rapid modernization and cultural homogenization.
b) Preservation and formal documentation of IK.
c) The influence of modem technology and education.
d) The growth of traditional and indigenous markets.

8. What are the challenges and limitations of Indigenous Knowledge (IK) according to Amare (2009)?
a) The preservation and continued development of IK systems.
b) The imposition of educational and religious systems.
c) The erosion by wider economic and social forces.
d) The growth of national and international markets.

9. What factors are accelerating the recent and current rate of loss of Indigenous Knowledge (IK)?
a) Rapid population growth and environmental preservation.
b) Growth of international markets and cultural homogenization.
c) Educational systems and traditional practices.
d) Promotion of one national culture and language at the expense of minority.

10. What is the main concern of indigenous peoples regarding their Indigenous Knowledge (IK)?
a) The misuse and lack of power to prevent abuses.
b) The rapid rate of documentation and formal preservation.
c) The rapid modernization and cultural homogenization.
d) The promotion of one national culture and language.

1. What is the definition of marginalization?
2. Who are the marginalized social groups in every society and culture?
3. How does the nature and level of marginalization vary from society to society?
4. What is vulnerability, and what does it refer to?
5. Why do vulnerable groups need special attention, protection, and support?
6. Can you give an example of a vulnerable group that needs special support and protection?
7. What is the definition of a minority group?
8. How are minority groups different from the majority population?
9. What are some examples of crafts workers who are marginalized in many parts of Ethiopia?
10. How do marginalized groups experience exclusion in society?
11. What are some manifestations of different forms of marginalization?
12. What are the major causes of different forms of marginalization?
13. How can the notion of inclusiveness protect vulnerable and minority groups?
14. What are some viable ways of promoting inclusive approaches and protecting marginalized and vulnerable groups?
15. How does culture diversity affect the level of marginalization in different societies?
16. How does vulnerability relate to physical and emotional injuries?
17. In what ways do children and people with disabilities need special support and protection?
18. How has special needs education been introduced for students with disabilities in universities?
19. Can you provide examples of religious and ethnic minorities that are marginalized in different societies and cultures?
20. How does marginalization affect marriage relations, sharing food and drinks, and working and living together?

1. Marginalization refers to the social process of relegating certain groups or individuals to the edge or periphery of society, limiting their access to resources, rights, and opportunities.

2. Marginalized social groups in every society and culture can include racial and ethnic minorities, indigenous peoples, people with disabilities, LGBTQ+ individuals, women, refugees and migrants, and those living in poverty.

3. The nature and level of marginalization can vary from society to society based on historical, cultural, economic, and political factors. Different societies may marginalize different groups based on their specific social structures and norms.

4. Vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of individuals or groups to physical, emotional, or social harm due to various factors such as poverty, discrimination, disability, or lack of access to resources.

5. Vulnerable groups need special attention, protection, and support because they may face greater risks of harm and exploitation due to their marginalized status, making them more susceptible to adverse outcomes.

6. An example of a vulnerable group that needs special support and protection is children living in poverty who may lack access to adequate nutrition, education, and healthcare.

7. A minority group is a demographic group that is numerically smaller than the dominant population within a particular society.

8. Minority groups are different from the majority population in terms of their numerical representation and often face social, economic, and political disadvantages due to their minority status.

9. In many parts of Ethiopia, crafts workers such as weavers, potters, and traditional artisans are marginalized due to limited access to markets, resources, and recognition for their skills.

10. Marginalized groups experience exclusion in society through limited access to education, healthcare, employment opportunities, political representation, and social services.

11. Manifestations of different forms of marginalization can include discrimination, poverty, lack of legal rights, social stigma, and restricted access to basic services.

12. Major causes of different forms of marginalization can include systemic discrimination, unequal distribution of resources, historical injustices, and social prejudices.

13. The notion of inclusiveness can protect vulnerable and minority groups by promoting equal opportunities, representation, and participation in decision-making processes within society.

14. Promoting inclusive approaches and protecting marginalized and vulnerable groups can be achieved through policy reforms, advocacy for human rights, community empowerment programs, and educational initiatives that foster diversity and equality.

15. Cultural diversity can affect the level of marginalization in different societies by influencing attitudes towards minority groups and shaping social norms that either promote inclusion or perpetuate discrimination.

16. Vulnerability relates to physical and emotional injuries as individuals or groups facing vulnerabilities may be at increased risk of experiencing harm or trauma due to their marginalized status.

17. Children and people with disabilities need special support and protection to ensure their access to education, healthcare, social services, and opportunities for full participation in society.

18. Special needs education for students with disabilities has been introduced in universities through the implementation of inclusive learning environments, accommodations for diverse learning needs, and accessibility measures for physical spaces and academic materials.

19. Examples of religious and ethnic minorities that are marginalized in different societies and cultures can include Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, Uighur Muslims in China, and Yazidi people in Iraq.

20. Marginalization can affect marriage relations, sharing food and drinks, and working and living together by creating barriers based on social prejudices or discriminatory practices that limit the full participation of marginalized groups in thes

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ዛሬ ባጋጠመን የውሀ መቋረጥ  ከአቅም በላይ  በሆነ ከፍተኛ ችግር ምከንያት  የምሳ ሰዓት የሚጀምረው ከ6:00 ጀምሮ መሆኑን ስንገልፅ ከታላቅ ይቀርታ ጋር ነው።

ቀን 06-07-2016
ማስታወቂያ
ለሁሉም ፍሬሽማን ተማሪዎች በሙሉ
የ2016 አንደኛ  ሴሚስተር ወሰነ ት/ርት  ስለተጠናቀቀ ት/ርት ክፍልን ለመምረጥ በ  http://placement.ddu.edu.et/Auth ሊንክ መሰረት የየግላችሁን ID ቁጥር እንደ User name  እና Passward በመጠቀም የምትፈልጉትን ት/ርት ክፍል በቅደም ተከተል እስከ ማክሰኞ መጋቢት 10/2016 ዓ ም ምሽት 12：00 ሰአት ድረስ ብቻ እንድትመርጡ  እያሳሰብን ከታች ያተዘረዘሩትን  መስፈርቶች  የምንጠቀም መሆኑን ለመግለጽ እንወዳለን።
S.no     Criteria 
1.    SGPA  50% 
2.    Entrance  Exam   20% 
3.    Admision Test   30% 
4.    Gender   5% 
5.    Disability   5% 
6.    Emerging Region   5% 
7.    20% Qota Reserved for  Females student    

ማሳሰቢያ：
1.  በአካል በመገኘት በቀን 10/07/2016 ዓ ም  በሬጅስትራር እና ት/ርት ክፍሎች የሚሰጠዉን ገለጻ መከታተል ግድ ነዉ
2.  ያልገቡ ግሬድ ካለ ባሉት ዉስን ቀናት ወደ ሲስተም እንዲገቡ ጥረት እንዲደረግ
3.  ት/ርት ክፍል መረጣ ዉጤት እና የትምህርት ክፍል የቅበላ አቅም መሰረት ያደረገ ነዉ
4.  የጤና  እና የህግ ኮሌጅ የመግቢያ  ፈተና በቀን 12/2016 ዓ ም በጥዋት 2:30 ላይ ይሰጣል
5.  የሁለተኛ ሴሚስተር የምዝገባ ቀን  መጋቢት 16 እና 17/2016 ዓ ም ከቀኑ  11:00 ሰዓት ብቻ ይካሄዳል።