2017 Ddu Psychology Mid exam

1) Which one of the following is not true about the characteristics of learning?

A. Learning causes a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice.
B. Learning involves relatively permanent change.
C. Learning is an ongoing process that adapts over time.
D. Environmental factors have no impact on an individual’s learning.

2) In the process of operant conditioning, operant responses are modified or changed by ____.

A. Natural stimulus
B. Spontaneous recovery
C. Conditioned response
D. Consequences

3) Mohammed had many pieces of furniture to fit into his new bedroom. He had tried a number of ways to fit all of the furniture into the room but was unsuccessful. He left his room in frustration. Later, Mohammed returned to his new room and quickly found a solution for fitting all of the furniture into the room. Mohammed finding a way to fit the furniture into his room is most likely an example of:

A. Classical conditioning
B. Observational learning
C. Latent learning
D. Insight learning

4) In operant conditioning, what does shaping refer to?

A.The reinforcement of behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior
B. The use of punishment to decrease undesirable behaviors
C. The removal of reinforcement to reduce a behavior
D. The process of changing a learned behavior through extinction

5) A person avoids public speaking after repeatedly experiencing anxiety in similar situations. This is an example of

A. Classical conditioning
B. Operant conditioning
C. Observational learning
D. Cognitive dissonance

6) The theory of classical conditioning represents a process:

A. It involves substituting a natural stimulus in place of neutral stimulus
B. It involves pairing a neutral stimulus with natural stimulus
C. It involves substituting a neutral stimulus in place of natural stimulus
D. B and C are correct

7) Which perspective of psychology concerned about the study of conscious experience and applies introspection?

A. Structuralism
B. Humanism
C. Functionalism
D. Behavioris

8) What is a formal definition of operant?

A. A class of behaviors with an equivalent effect on the environment
B. A behavior under the control of a stimulus
C. A contingent or no contingent stimulus-induced response
D. A discriminative stimulus

9) What is Pavlovian conditioning in a few words?

A. learning of voluntary responses
B. a change in behavior as a result of reward
C. learning of any involuntary response or reflex
D. a change in behavior as a result of reinforcement

10) is the field of specialization concerned with the treatment of severe mental disorders, maladjustment, and abnormal behavior through the principles of psychology?

A. Clinical psychology
B. Psychiatric
C. Counseling psychology
D. Health psychology


11) Abebe was in a taxi that had been crashed with an electric pole. He witnessed the death of a person besides him. After this accident all cars scare Abebe. What is going to be explained by this statement?

A. Extinction
B. Stimulus discrimination
C. Higher order conditioning
D. Stimulus generalizatio

12) The idea that human behavior is influenced by unconscious forces that are outside of a person's awareness is advocated by
A. Behavioral perspective
B. Psychoanalysis Perspective
C. Cognitivist perspective
D. Sociocultural perspective

13) The goal of psychology that deal with speculating what kind of certain behavior would likely to occur is

A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Explaining
D. Description

14) Classical conditioning primarily explains learning through:

A. Consequences of behavior
B. Observation and imitation
C. Association between two stimuli
D. Insight and reasoning

15) In Pavlov’s experiment, the sound of the bell before conditioning was best described as a

A. Conditioned stimulus
B. Unconditioned stimulus
C. Neutral stimulus
D. Reflex stimulus

His mid 2017