Сегодня Платон:
εὐδαιμονέστεροι εἰσιν οἱ ἐκεῖ τῶν ἐνθάδε — те, которые там, счастливее этих, что здесь.
εὐδαιμονέστεροι εἰσιν οἱ ἐκεῖ τῶν ἐνθάδε — те, которые там, счастливее этих, что здесь.
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Ελευθέριος Βούλγαρης, как все помнят, призывал писать философскую прозу лишь на древнегреческом, выражая характерное умонастроение некоторых персонажей, считавших, что если в некую эпоху золотого века, «а не то, что сейчас», писали в определённой языковой форме, то вернувшись к этой форме, мы снова интеллектуально расцветём. Что-то не взлетело, хотя план казался вполне рабочим.
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Сегодня в Православной церкви празднуется память свт. Амвросия Медиоланского (ок. 340-397). «Получив хорошее светское образование и зная греческий язык, Медиоланский епископ много читал греческих писателей ..(И.И. Адамов. «Святитель Амвросий Медиоланский»). Когда Амвросий стал епископом, он переписывался со святым Василием Великим. На греческом, разумеется.
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Сегодня Элени Гликадзи-Арвелер, великий греческий византинист, которая ещё и несколько сборников стихов издала:
Рекущий, видящий, смывающий и на себя берущий мира и народа беззакония.
это пророк, знающий отклонения с пути верного.
почтенный слепой одержимый старик, который, как когда-то Нерон в Дельфах, теперь восклицает в смятенье: "Без греков, стенаю и плачу отныне вовек".
Рекущий, видящий, смывающий и на себя берущий мира и народа беззакония.
это пророк, знающий отклонения с пути верного.
почтенный слепой одержимый старик, который, как когда-то Нерон в Дельфах, теперь восклицает в смятенье: "Без греков, стенаю и плачу отныне вовек".
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Простое. Греческий филолог спрягает глагол κινδυνεύω (рисковать) в имперфекте в древнегреческой парадигме. Рядом сразу записано спряжение этого глагола в современном греческом.
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Сегодня Платон с актуальным во время сессии вопросом:
πῶς ἔχεις πρὸς ἐπιστήμην; — How do you feel with respect to knowledge?
πῶς ἔχεις πρὸς ἐπιστήμην; — How do you feel with respect to knowledge?
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Когда отца Даниила Хармса посадили за участие в революционной деятельности в Шлиссельбургскую крепость, то тот, пережив религиозное обращение, задумал перевести Евангелие с греческого языка. Добился того, что греческое Евангелие и словари ему принесли в камеру.
У самого Хармса была такса по имени «Чти Память Дня Сражения При Фермопилах».
У самого Хармса была такса по имени «Чти Память Дня Сражения При Фермопилах».
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Ἡ Κωνσταντινούπολις, τὰ ἤθη αὐτῆς, ἡ πολυτέλεια αὐτῆς καὶ ἡ αὐτοκρατορική αυλή εἰκονίζονται πιστότερον ἐν τοῖς συγγράμμασι τῶν μεγάλων ἐκκλησιαστικῶν ῥητόρων τοῦ 4 αἰῶνος — Константинополь, его нравы, роскошь и императорский двор достовернейшим образом изображены в трудах великих церковных ораторов 4-го века (из маргиналий просто так)
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Сегодня Писание:
ἐγένετο γογγυσμὸς τῶν Ἑλληνιστῶν — произошел у Еллинистов ропот.
…..даёт хорошую идею для мерча всем недовольным эллинистам. Сумка там, футболка, вкупе с недовольным ликом, должны хорошо зайти.
ἐγένετο γογγυσμὸς τῶν Ἑλληνιστῶν — произошел у Еллинистов ропот.
…..даёт хорошую идею для мерча всем недовольным эллинистам. Сумка там, футболка, вкупе с недовольным ликом, должны хорошо зайти.
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Учитывая вклад книги Донны Тартт в популяризацию греческого языка, её можно наградить орденом какого-нибудь экуменического эллинизма, а также озадачить всяких талантливых людей созданием привлекательных образов греческого языка, а образы цепляют и правят миром, если верить рекламщикам. С миру по нитке, кто-то книжку напишет, кто-то интересный шрифт создаст, девушка красивая с учебником греческого языка попозирует, чтобы не было лишь: «унылые пердуны, посыпанные перхотью, что-то тоскливо бухтят о культурном значении всего греческого и что раньше то было лучше.»
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«Вы ведь знаете, что Рим эпохи упадка был предельно эллинизирован. И если
существовал греческий вариант какого-либо обряда…
- Хорошо, - перебил Кудрявцев, поняв, что филолог может без всякого стыда говорить так несколько часов подряд.» (Виктор Пелевин «Греческий вариант»)
“Greek influence on Latin resulted in a total renovation. First in literature: the Saturnian was replaced by the hexameter; the fescennini and the Atellana by a Greek type of comedy; annales and the elogia by the Hellenising epic, history and lyric; even tragedy was adopted and, later on, philosophy and oratory. During the Augustan period, the first influence of contemporary Hellenism was substituted by that of earlier literature, which was classic and still archaic: classic oratory and history, archaic lyric and epic. The first Latin literature was a translation from the Greek (Livius Andronicus translated the Odyssey) or was written in Greek (Fabius Pictor, Cincus Alimentus); and much later, Roman authors such Suetonius and Marcus Aurelius continued to write in Greek.
When this new Latin literature emerged, it contained original features, of course, but in some ways it was also a continuation of the Greek.
Certain factors must be taken into account in order to fully understand this. Firstly, something we have already touched upon, namely, the influence of Greek on all the languages of the Mediterranean, from the archaic period to, above all, the Hellenistic period, due to wars and conquests as well as trade. Subsequently, an enormous Greek-speaking population (Greeks, Jews, Syrians, etc.) became established in Rome, as extensively attested in the inscriptions. Juvenal scornfully refers to the Graecam urbem. Secondly, the factor of the modernity and the strength of influence exerted by Greek lit- erature, which ended up erasing ancient Latin literature and replacing it with a new, very Hellenicised literature to which I have just referred. Thirdly, the bilingualism of the Roman educated classes, who learned Greek and finished their training or education in Greece (although many of the Greek also learned Latin). Indeed, Roman conquerors from the second century BC, such as Aemilius Paulus (who annexed Macedonia after his victory in Pydna in 168) or the Scipios were fervent Hellenisers. Even the hostage Polybius managed to introduce Hellenism to the Roman aristocracy.
In the letters of Cicero and in many anecdotes relating to Caesar and the conspirors who murdered him, to Augustus, Tiberius and so many other personalities, the Latin text is interspersed with passages or replies in Greek. It was in Greek that Caesar delivered his famous pronouncement to cross the Rubicon ('the dice are thrown'); that Caesar spoke to Brutus when he was assassinated ('you too, my son?'); that Augustus reproached Asinius Pollio for admitting Timagenes into his house (you are feeding a wild beast'); and that Tiberius spoke when he drew someone into his confidence.
Greek was also used as the language of love, as attested in Lucretius and criticised by Juvenal. Although circumstances later changed in the West, for in the fourth century only the higher classes and technical writers had a command of Greek.
Above all, Greek was an intellectual language and the language of literature and science: these were either written in Greek or in Latin filled with a Greek vocabulary which was more or less assim- ilated, and even with Greek words written in Greek characters. Cicero's letters and Ausonius's poems are littered with Greek phrases.
Those of Augustus, Claudius and Tiberius are filled with Greek words, although this does not include oratory or political works, nor the Acts (but Claudius did speak Greek in the Senate)
However, the emperor Julian, for instance, preferred Greek, Arcadius allowed the use of both languages before the tribunals, and soon legal texts were paraphrased and translated into Greek. In Egypt, the use of Greek dominated, with a few exceptions.
существовал греческий вариант какого-либо обряда…
- Хорошо, - перебил Кудрявцев, поняв, что филолог может без всякого стыда говорить так несколько часов подряд.» (Виктор Пелевин «Греческий вариант»)
“Greek influence on Latin resulted in a total renovation. First in literature: the Saturnian was replaced by the hexameter; the fescennini and the Atellana by a Greek type of comedy; annales and the elogia by the Hellenising epic, history and lyric; even tragedy was adopted and, later on, philosophy and oratory. During the Augustan period, the first influence of contemporary Hellenism was substituted by that of earlier literature, which was classic and still archaic: classic oratory and history, archaic lyric and epic. The first Latin literature was a translation from the Greek (Livius Andronicus translated the Odyssey) or was written in Greek (Fabius Pictor, Cincus Alimentus); and much later, Roman authors such Suetonius and Marcus Aurelius continued to write in Greek.
When this new Latin literature emerged, it contained original features, of course, but in some ways it was also a continuation of the Greek.
Certain factors must be taken into account in order to fully understand this. Firstly, something we have already touched upon, namely, the influence of Greek on all the languages of the Mediterranean, from the archaic period to, above all, the Hellenistic period, due to wars and conquests as well as trade. Subsequently, an enormous Greek-speaking population (Greeks, Jews, Syrians, etc.) became established in Rome, as extensively attested in the inscriptions. Juvenal scornfully refers to the Graecam urbem. Secondly, the factor of the modernity and the strength of influence exerted by Greek lit- erature, which ended up erasing ancient Latin literature and replacing it with a new, very Hellenicised literature to which I have just referred. Thirdly, the bilingualism of the Roman educated classes, who learned Greek and finished their training or education in Greece (although many of the Greek also learned Latin). Indeed, Roman conquerors from the second century BC, such as Aemilius Paulus (who annexed Macedonia after his victory in Pydna in 168) or the Scipios were fervent Hellenisers. Even the hostage Polybius managed to introduce Hellenism to the Roman aristocracy.
In the letters of Cicero and in many anecdotes relating to Caesar and the conspirors who murdered him, to Augustus, Tiberius and so many other personalities, the Latin text is interspersed with passages or replies in Greek. It was in Greek that Caesar delivered his famous pronouncement to cross the Rubicon ('the dice are thrown'); that Caesar spoke to Brutus when he was assassinated ('you too, my son?'); that Augustus reproached Asinius Pollio for admitting Timagenes into his house (you are feeding a wild beast'); and that Tiberius spoke when he drew someone into his confidence.
Greek was also used as the language of love, as attested in Lucretius and criticised by Juvenal. Although circumstances later changed in the West, for in the fourth century only the higher classes and technical writers had a command of Greek.
Above all, Greek was an intellectual language and the language of literature and science: these were either written in Greek or in Latin filled with a Greek vocabulary which was more or less assim- ilated, and even with Greek words written in Greek characters. Cicero's letters and Ausonius's poems are littered with Greek phrases.
Those of Augustus, Claudius and Tiberius are filled with Greek words, although this does not include oratory or political works, nor the Acts (but Claudius did speak Greek in the Senate)
However, the emperor Julian, for instance, preferred Greek, Arcadius allowed the use of both languages before the tribunals, and soon legal texts were paraphrased and translated into Greek. In Egypt, the use of Greek dominated, with a few exceptions.
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In the East, Greek was the language of the higher and middle classes, as well as of most writers, which explains why it ended up imposing itself in all fields.
The Roman empire therefore became bilingual in two ways. In the West, Greek was at the same time the language of lower class immigrants and the language of educated society; in the East, Greek was the language commonly spoken by the educated classes and Latin held sway over the administrative and official sectors (this was lost, however, in the Byzantine period). This rather complex situation was accompanied by a love-hate relationship, in which the Romans admired the Greeks for their culture but despised their weakness and decadence, while the Greeks despised the Romans for their lack of culture and arrogance but admired their discipline and power. Yet there were also Greek Romanophiles and Roman Greekophiles, and all sorts of intermediate positions.”
Francisco Rodriguez Adrados
The Roman empire therefore became bilingual in two ways. In the West, Greek was at the same time the language of lower class immigrants and the language of educated society; in the East, Greek was the language commonly spoken by the educated classes and Latin held sway over the administrative and official sectors (this was lost, however, in the Byzantine period). This rather complex situation was accompanied by a love-hate relationship, in which the Romans admired the Greeks for their culture but despised their weakness and decadence, while the Greeks despised the Romans for their lack of culture and arrogance but admired their discipline and power. Yet there were also Greek Romanophiles and Roman Greekophiles, and all sorts of intermediate positions.”
Francisco Rodriguez Adrados
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