๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…

ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… ุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ูˆุขู„ ู…ุญู…ุฏ

ู…ุญุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ:
ุดุฑูˆุญุงุช ุตูŠุฏู„ุฉ
ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุซุงู†ูŠ
ูุงุฑู…ุง ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุซุงู†ูŠ
ูุงุฑู…ุง ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุงูˆู„
ูุงุฑู…ุง ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุซุงู†ูŠ
ุนู„ุงุฌูŠุงุช ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ

ู„ู„ุชูˆุงุตู„:

@AronX2bot
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A 72-year-old man with a history of BPH presents with worsening urinary retention and difficulty initiating urination.

He is newly diagnosed with schizophrenia and requires antipsychotic treatment.

Which antipsychotic medication is contraindicated in this patient?


ู…ู‡ู…

ุงูƒูˆ ูƒู… ุนู„ุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ antipsychotic ู…ู…ู†ูˆุนุฉ ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ู€
Arrhythmia, BPH, and Glaucoma

ุดู†ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉุŸ ูˆู„ูŠุด ู…ู…ู†ูˆุนุฉ

#schizophrenia
โค8๐Ÿ‘1
Cases of Schizophrenia

โญ• Patient with first episode schizophrenia or (newly diagnosed schizophrenia)

ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ูŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
Oral SGAs (ARZ) : Arpiprazole, risperidone, Ziprasidone

โญ• Patient with first episode schizophrenia or (newly diagnosed schizophrenia)or in stage 1a , 1b , 2 , but not adherence

ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ:
long acting antipsychotic (injection) : eg, olanzapine


โญ• Patient with treatment resistant schizophrenia or stage 3, 4
ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ: Clozapine ูƒ monotherapy

โญ• Male Pt with schizophrenia, but he suffered from BPH, glaucoma or arrhythmia

ุงูƒูˆ ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู…ู†ูˆุนุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุฎุตูˆุตุง ูƒุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุณู†ุŒ ุดู†ูˆ ู‡ูŠ :
Low Potency FGAs(chlorpromazine, thioridazine)
Clozapine, olanzapine



โญ• Patient with schizophrenia with acute agitation

ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ู‡ูˆ ุญู‚ู† ุนุถู„ูŠ im:
Ziprasidone, Olanzapine, Haloperidol, Arpiprazole '' ZOHA''

ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงูŠุถุง inhaled Loxapine powder ุจุณ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุฑุฆุฉ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง (asthma, COPD)
๏ปฟ

โญ• ุงูƒูˆ ุชุฏุงุฎู„ุงุช ุฏูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฌูŠ ุจูŠู‡ุง ูƒูŠุณุงุช ุงูŠุถุง ุฑูƒุฒูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง


#schizophrenia
๐Ÿ‘11โค6
Cases of Schizophrenia

โญ• patient with a history of obsessive-compulsive disorder and resistant schizophrenia that was treated by clozapine
Which medication can be used to improve obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms that worsen by
clozapine?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ : ุงูŠ ุฏูˆุงุก ู…ู† ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ SSRI
ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ูˆุณูˆุงุณ ุงู„ู‚ู‡ุฑูŠ OCD ุงู„ูŠ ูŠุณุจุจู‡ ุงู„ู€ Clozapine

โญ• Pt with schizophrenia and her relatives are concerned about her suicidal attempts.

Which antipsychotic medication is best used to address suicidal behavior?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ: Clozapine
ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ู…ู† antipsychotic ุงู„ูŠ ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุฃููƒุงุฑ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุญุงุฑูŠุฉ

โญ• patients with refectory schizophrenia, which Mood stabilizers may improve labile affect and agitation?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ:
Valproic acid, lithium, carbamazepine




๐Ÿšซ Extrapyramidal symptoms

โญ• Male Pt with schizophrenia, after treatment with Haloperidol, he suffered from symptoms of dystonia

Which medication can be used to managment this symptoms?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ:
iv/im anticholinergic (benztropine, diphenhydramine)
Or slow iv diazepam, im lorazepam

๐Ÿซ† Risk factor for dystonia are: young male, High Potency FGAs, high dose


โญ• Female Pt 70 years old with schizophrenia, after treatment with high dose of Haloperidol, she suffered from symptoms of parkisonism

Which medication can be used to managment this symptoms?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ :
Anticholinergic (benztropine, diphenhydramine)

ูˆุงุฐุง ุงุฑูŠุฏ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู‚ู„ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ ูู†ุฎุชุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ amantadine

๐Ÿซ† Risk factor for parkisonism are: high dose FGAs, increasing age, female


โญ• Patient with schizophrenia, he suffered from tardive dyskinesia

Which treatment?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ: VMAT2 inhibitors ู…ุซู„ุง
Deutetrabenazine, Valbenazine

๏ปฟ


๐Ÿšซ Pregnancy and lactation

โญ• Pregnant women she suffered from schizophrenia

Which the best choice antipsychotic in pregnant?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ: Haloperidol

โญ• Breast feeding women suffered from schizophrenia,

Which antipsychotic considered safe in this condition?

ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงูƒุซุฑ ุงู…ุงู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู‚ู„:

Quetiapine , Olanzapine
Aripirazole, Risperidone

ุงู„ู€ FGAs ุขู…ู†ุฉ ุจุณ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ูƒุงููŠุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ูุถู„ุฉ

ุงู„ุงุฎุทุฑ ูˆุงู„ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน : Clozapine



#schizophrenia
โค12๐Ÿ‘1๐Ÿ™1
Forwarded from ๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ (๐—ต๐˜‚๐˜€๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ)
Treatment of ALL

5 elements:
Induction
CNS directed Treatment
Consolidation
Reinduction
Maintenance phase


1. Induction Therapy:
vincristine
L- asparaginase
steroid (prednisone or dexamethasone)
ุงู„ Dexamethazone ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุถู„ ู„ุงู† ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠูˆุตู„ ู„ู„ CNS
ู…ู…ฺฉู† ุจุงู„ู€ higher risk patient ู†ุถูŠู ุฏูˆุงุก ู…ู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ anthracycline


2. CNS prophylaxis:

A. Intrathecal:
Cytarabine
MTX
Steroid

B. Systemic chemotherapy: Dexamethasone
high-dose methotrexate

ุจุงู„ุงุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุดุนุงุน
craniospinal irradiation (XRT) in selected high-risk patients (T-cell ALL)


3. Consolidation
High dose of chemotherapy

4. Reinduction
A. Interim maintenance 2 months
B. Delayed intensification for 3 months after remission
ู†ูุณ ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ induction ู†ุนูŠุฏู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฌุฏูŠุฏ

5. Maintenance phase
oral methotrexate
6- mercaptopurine.
2-3 years with low dose


#Leukemia

๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
โค1
Forwarded from ๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ (๐—ต๐˜‚๐˜€๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ)
Relapse ALL

Chemotherapy
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT)

Chemotherapy:

๐Ÿ”ธClofarabine โž” active in refractory acute leukemias

๐Ÿ”นBlinatumomab โž” targets CD19, for Ph negative relapsed or refractory ALL

๐Ÿ”ธInotuzumab ozogamicin โž” anti CD-22, used in relapsed and refractory B-ALL

๐Ÿ”นTisagenlecleucel โž” anti-CD19, used in patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell ALL


#Leukemia

๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
โค1๐Ÿ‘1
Forwarded from ๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ (๐—ต๐˜‚๐˜€๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ)
Treatment of AML

1. Induction
combination of cytarabine and daunorubicin

ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ gemtuzumab ozogamicin ู„ู„ู€ induction therapy ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ูƒุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุณู†

2. Consolidation
use of 2-4 cycles of high-dose cytarabine


๐Ÿซ† Most effective treatment for AML is Allo HSCT


ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ CNS Therapy ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…:
โ— Intrathecal Cytarabine with or without MTX
โ— Systemic High dose Cytarabine



๐Ÿซ†Relapse AML

๐Ÿ”ธHigh dose of Cytarabine
May be combined with: MECCF
Mitoxantrone, Etoposide 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine
๏ปฟ

๐Ÿ”นPatients unable to tolerate intensive chemotherapy ๐Ÿ‘†, use low dose of Cytarabine and Azacitidine



๐Ÿ”ธAlternative therapy:
Ventoclax combined with Decitabine or Azacitidine



#Leukemia

๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
โค8
Forwarded from ๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ (๐—ต๐˜‚๐˜€๐˜€๐—ถ๐—ฎ๐—ป ๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ)
Treatment of CML

๐Ÿ”นfirst- line therapy for newly
diagnosed CP-CML is Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors TKI

1st G: imatinib

2nd G: dasatinib, nilotinib, and bosutinib

3rd G: Ponatinib

ุงู„ุงุฎูŠุฑ ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
CML with T315I mutation

ุขุซุงุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ
Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbances, and myalgias

Pleural effusion โž”
ุฎุตูˆุตุง ุงู„ imatinib ูˆ Dasatinib


๐Ÿ”ธHydroxyurea
ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ุญุชู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุงุนุฏุงุฏ neutrophil ุงูˆ WBC ุญุชู‰ ู†ู…ู†ุน ุญุตูˆู„
Respiratory and neurologic compilations
ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงูŠ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ CML



โญ• Pt suffered from CML, and taken TKI,
ูˆู…ุง ู…ุณุชูุงุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุงูŠุฑุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ resistant ู„ู„ TKI

ู ุงู„ Curative therapy ุจู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ูˆ Allo HSCT ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠ ูŠุณุจ cure ุจุญุงู„ุฉ CML


๐Ÿ”นOmacetaxine :
indicated for patients in CP- or AP- CML who are resistant or intolerant to two or more TKIs

ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทูุฑุฉ T315I

Ad. Effect: hyperglycemia



#Leukemia

๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
โค9
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ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ูˆุฎุงู…ุณุฉ

ู‡ุฌูŠ ุชุทู„ุนูˆู† ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ุงู„ูŠ ุจ ุงู„ู€ #
โค6๐Ÿ˜ญ3
โค1
๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
Photo
Treatment of CLL

โญ• Ibrutinib (BTK inhibitor) , ventoclax (BCL2 inhibitor) โž” front line treatment of symptomatic CLL

๐Ÿซ† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุถูŠู
Monoclonal antibody anti CD20
ู„ู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุงูˆู„ูŠ ููŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู€ CLL

ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู…

ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุชูุตูŠู„:


โญ• Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

๐Ÿซ† FCR (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab)

ู…ูุถู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ CLL ูˆุนู…ุฑู‡ ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† 65 ุณู†ุฉ ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ Igvh mutation



โญ• Monoclonal Antibody

Anti CD20

๐Ÿซ† Rituximab, Obinutuzumab, Ofatumumab

ู…ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ู† ูƒู€ monotherapy, ูˆุงู†ู…ุง ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ู† ุจ combination ู…ุน
Targeted and Chemo therapy

ุจุนุถู‡ุง ู…ุดุชู‚ ู…ู† ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุญูŠูˆุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ูุชุณุจุจ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉ ูˆุชุญุณุณูŠุฉ ููŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุทูŠ ู‚ุจู„ู‡ุง :
Diphenhydramine and acetaminophen

ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณูˆู† ุชู†ุดูŠุท ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ู…ุซู„ุง Hepatitis B
ู ูƒูˆู‚ุงูŠุฉ ู†ู†ุทูŠ
Prophylactic hepatitis B antiviral therapy

ูˆุงุฐุง ุชูุนู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ู‡ูˆ entecavir


๏ปฟ
โญ• Targeted therapy

BTK inhibitors:

๐Ÿซ† Ibrutinib โž” first line as monotherapy
ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ู… ุญุฐู ุจุฌูŠู† P53 ู…ู† ฺฉุฑู…ูˆุณูˆู… 17 ุงูˆ ู„ุง

ุจุณ ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุจุจ atrial fibrillation

๐Ÿซ† Acalabrutinib โž” 2nd gen. Of BTK inhibitors, more selective than Ibrutinib

ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ูƒ ุฎุท ุนู„ุงุฌูŠ ุงูˆู„ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ obinutuzumab

ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู€
Relapsed or Refractory CLL
๏ปฟ



Pi3K inhibitors

๐Ÿซ†Idelalisib, duvelisib

ุงู„ู€ idelalisib ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงูˆ ุจ combination ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ rituximab
๏ปฟ



BCL2 inhibitor

๐Ÿซ† Venetoclax โž” may used as first line for pt with CLL

ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ู…
Relapsed Or Refractory CLL

ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ุทูŠ ูˆูŠุงู‡ Anti CD20

ุขุซุงุฑู‡ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ :
TLS
Prolonged Neutropenia
ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ู†ู†ุทูŠ ูˆูŠุงู‡ Growth factor support
๏ปฟ


#Leukemia
โค14
๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
Lymphomas.pdf
ุจุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ูƒุชุจุช ุนู† ุงู„ุฎุทุง
ูˆุฑุงูˆูŠุชูƒู… ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ูˆู‚ุชู‡ุง

ุงู„ุฎุทุง ู…ูˆ ู…ู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู†ู‡ุฌ
ูˆู…ู† ู‚ุฑูŠุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‚ุจู„ ู„ุง ุงุดุฑุญู‡ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ุช ู„ู„ุฎุทุฃ

ู ู†ุจู‡ุชูƒู… ุจุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง vinicristine ุชุฑู‡

ุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุนุชู‡ 1.4 ูŠุตูŠุฑ vincristine

#Lymphoma
โค17๐Ÿ’ฏ2
Prevention of Breast Cancer

In higher risk patients:
Mastectomy, oophorectomy, pharmacological Therapy

Pharmacological Therapy: SERM, AI

โญ• SERM: Tamoxifein, Raloxifene for 5 years



ุงู„ุชุงู…ูˆูƒุณููŠู† ูŠุณุจุจ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฎุทุฑ ุญุตูˆู„ ุงู„ endometrial cancer

ูˆุงุซู†ูŠู†ู‡ู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุจุจูˆู† thromboembolic events


โญ• Aromatase inhibitors: Exemestane, Anastrozole



๐Ÿซ† Postmenopausal women with high risk of contralateral primary breast cancer โž” Aromatase inhibitors AI

ุงู„ guidelines ุชูˆุตูŠ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ serm+AI ู„ู…ู†ุน ุงู„ breast cancer ููŠ ุงู„ postmenopausal women ุจุณ ู…ู†ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ sermุŸ
Raloxifene


๐Ÿซ† Premenoposal women with high risk of breast cancer โž” Tamoxifein

#Breast_Cancer
โค15๐Ÿ™2๐Ÿ‘1
Treatment of Breast Cancer stage I-III

Surgery(Mastectomy, BCT)
alone can cure:
Most pt with in situ cancer
70-80% pt with stage ฤฑ
Half of pt (50%) with Stage ฤฑฤฑ


ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… Radiation ู„ู„ู‚ุถุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุจู‚ุงูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ


Systemic therapy: Chemotherapy, Endocrine therapy, Targeted therapy

or combination of these agents(in higher risk pt and specific prognostic factors)




โญ• Chemotherapy

Goal: cure

๐Ÿซ† Indications:

Adjuvant therapy โž” after surgery


Neoadjuvant therapy โž” before surgery in stage ฤฑฤฑฤฑ (locally advanced BC)

ุญุชู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ูˆุฑู… ูˆู†ุณู‡ู„ ุงุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ุทูŠ chemotherapy ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงูˆ ู…ุน
targeted(biologic) therapy, and may be endocrine therapy

Chemotherapy: doxorubicin, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil, carboplatin, paclitaxel and docetaxel

๐Ÿซ† As adjuvant: alone or combination of chemotherapy(more effective)


๐ŸซŸ Anthracycline (doxorubicin or epirubicin) and Taxane (paclitaxel or docetaxel) โž” adjuvant treatment of breast cancer
ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€
cornerstones of chemotherapy

ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ 12 ุงุณุจูˆุน




โญ• Biologic (targeted) Therapy

๐Ÿซ† Trastuzumab โž” mAB against HER2 receptor

ุงู†ุทูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ breast cancer ุงู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ู… over expression HER2

ุจ combination ู…ุน Adjuvant Chemotherapy ุงูˆ ู…ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ adjuvant chemotherapy

ุจุณ ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุฎุทุฑ ุงู„ cardiac toxicity ุงุฐุง ุงู†ุทูŠุชู‡ ู…ุน ู†ุธุงู… ุนู„ุงุฌูŠ ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ anthracycline


๐Ÿซ† Neratinib โž” TKI of EGFR, HER2, and HER4

ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ ู…ุน Adjuvant therapy ู„ูƒู† ุจุนุฏ ุงูƒู…ุงู„ ุงู„ Trastuzumab


๐Ÿซ† Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (TDM1) โž”

ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุงู„ูŠ ู…ุงุฎุฐู‡ neoadjuvant ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู‚ุช ุจู‚ุงูŠุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ ฺฉ adjuvant therapy




โญ• Endocrine therapy

ู†ุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ menopause state ููŠ ุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ

๐ŸซŸ Tamoxifen โž” premenoposal women
ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ ุจุนุฏ ุงูƒู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ chemotherapy ู„ู…ุฏุฉ 5 ุงู„ู‰ 10 ุณู†ูˆุงุช


๐ŸซŸ Combination of LHRH (goserelin, triptorelin, and Leuprolide) + AI โž” recommended in premenoposal women

ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูุถู„
ู„ุงู† ู‡ูˆุงูŠ ุจูŠู‡ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ Tamoxifen

ู„ูƒู†ุŒ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ู…ุนุฏู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงู†ุชูƒุงุณุฉ ุนุฏู‡ุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ู…ุง ุชุชุญู…ู„ ุงู„ุงุซุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ combination ู ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… Tamoxifen

๐ŸซŸ AI (anastrozole, letrozole and exemestane) โž” Postmenopoasal women



#Breast_Cancer
โค10
Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer (MBC) stage IV


ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ ู…ู†ุชุดุฑ ูˆูˆุงุตู„ ู„ู„ bone ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู†ู‡ ู†ู†ุทูŠ
Modifying agent (Pamidronate, Zoledronic acid, or Denosumab)
ุญุชู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุณูˆุฑ ูˆุขู„ุงู… ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุงูˆ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ ูˆู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุญุจุดูƒู„ุงุช


โญ• Biologic Therapy

๐Ÿซ† CDK inhibitor
Abemaciclib, Palbociclib, and ribociclib โž” inhibit CDK 4, CDK6, Approved for MBC


๐Ÿซ† mTOR inhibitor
Everolimus
ูŠูˆู‚ู ุชู‚ุฏู… ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ ุงุฐุง ุงู†ุทูŠุชู‡ ุจ combination ู…ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ :
Exemestane, Fulvestrant, or Tamoxifen (mTOR + F, E, T)


๐Ÿซ† PI3k inhibitor
Apelisib โž” approved in combination with Fulvestrant

ุจุดุฑูˆุท :
๐ŸซŸ Postmenopausal women and men
๐ŸซŸ Hormone receptor positive
๐ŸซŸ HER2 negative
๐ŸซŸ PI3K mutated
๐ŸซŸ Advanced or MBC

ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ ุจุนุฏ endocrine therapy ุงุฐุง ูุดู„ ูˆุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ูŠุชู‚ุฏู…

๐Ÿซ† PARP inhibitor
Olaparib, Talazoparib โž” improve progression free survival PFS in appropriate patients


๐Ÿซ† HER2 targeted agent
Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, Ado-trastuzumab emtansine, famtrastuzumab, deruxtecan, margetuximab, Lapatinib, Neratinib, and Tucatinib

๐Ÿ”ต Pertuzumab-trastuzumab and Taxane โž” first line in patients with HER2 over expression MBC
ุจุดุฑุท ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุฉ ุณุงุจู‚ุง ู…ุง ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุฉ pertuzumab ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุณูˆุงุก adjuvant ุงูˆ neoadjuvant

๐Ÿ”ต Ado-trastuzumab emtansine โž” second line

ุงุฐุง ูุดู„ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุงูˆู„ ุงูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุฉ ู…ุง ูƒุฏุฑุช ุชุชุญู…ู„ ุขุซุงุฑู‡ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ู†ู„ุฌุฃ ุงู„ู‰ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ



โญ• Endocrine Therapy

ุงุฐุง ุฌุงู†ุช ุญุงู„ุฉ MBC ู…ู† ู†ูˆุน hormone positive ู ู…ุน ุงู„ targeted therapy ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ endocrine therapy ูƒุฎุท ุนู„ุงุฌูŠ ุงูˆู„

ูˆู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠ ุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ endocrine therapy ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ menopause state ุจุงู„ุงุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ูˆ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ

ุงูŠุถุง ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰
Mechanism of action, toxicity and pt preference

AI, Tamoxifen, Toremifen, and Fulvestrant โž” Preferred initial agent in MBC

ุจ ุงุณุชุซู†ุงุกุŒ ุงุฐุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู†ุง ูƒ adjuvant ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ Adjuvant ุฑุฌุน ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุณู†ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู„ุŒ ูู…ุง ุงุฑุฌุน ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ู† ู†ูุณู‡ู†

๐Ÿ”ต Fulvestrant im โž” approved for 2nd line therapy for Postmenopausal women with Hormone receptor positive tumor

ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงูˆ ู…ุน targeted therapy

๐Ÿ”ต LHRH agonists (goserelin, Triptorelin, and Leuprolide) โž” reversible alternative to oophorectomy in premenopausal women



โญ• Chemotherapy

ู†ุนุชุจุฑู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ initial agent ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุณุงุก ุงู„ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู† :
๐ŸซŸ Hormone receptor negative tumors
๐ŸซŸ Triple negative tumors
๐ŸซŸ After failure of endocrine/targeted therapy

ูˆุงุฎุชูŠุงุฑ ุงู„ chemotherapy ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุนุฏุฉ ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง:
-overall efficacy
-the risk of toxicity
-performance status
-presence of comorbidities in the patient
-aggressiveness of disease
-patient preferences related to chemotherapy schedules
-dosing route
-frequency

ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ chemotherapy ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ู… ุณูˆูŠู‡
ุงูˆ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุชุชุงุจุนุฉ sequential ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุถู„ุฉ

๐Ÿซ† Anthracyclines and Taxane โž” first line therapy for MBC
ุจุดุฑุท ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงุนู„ุงู‡๐ŸซŸ
ู…ุนุฏู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ 50%

ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ุทูŠ Single agent ู…ุซู„ุง:
๐Ÿซ† Capecitabine, Vinorelbine, and gemcitabine
ู…ุนุฏู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ 20-25%



โญ• Immunotherapy

๐Ÿซ† Pembrolizumab โž” mAB against PD1
ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ ุจ Combination ู…ุน:
Albumin bound Paclitaxel or
paclitaxel or
Carboplatin + Gemcitabine

๐Ÿซ† Atezolizumab โž” mAB against PDL1
ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ ุจ Combination ู…ุน
Albumin bound Paclitaxel




โญ• Radiation therapy

ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุจุงู„ุฃุดุนุงุน ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู€
Painful bone metastases

ุงูˆ ุงุฐุง ู…ู†ุชุดุฑ ู„ู…ูˆุงู‚ุน ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ู…ุซู„ุง
brain, spinal cord, eye, and orbital lesions

ุงู„ุงู„ู… ู‚ู„ ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 90% ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ู… painful bone metastases ูˆุนุงู„ุฌู†ุงู‡ู… ุจ Radiation
๏ปฟ

#Breast_Cancer
โค12
Forwarded from Pharmacy Topics (Qabas Hashim)
images.pdf
1.3 MB
ุนู„ุงุฌูŠุงุช
MCQ

Lymphoma
Adrenal gland
Introduction of cancer chemotherapy Lymphoma
Brest cancer
Prostat cancer
โค7๐Ÿ‘1
Treatment of Prostate cancer

Initial treatment for advanced prostate cancer is Androgen ablation โž” by orchiectomy or LHRH agonist with/without antiandrogens


Orchiectomy โž” is the preferred initial treatment of prostate cancer in pt with impending spinal cord compression or ureteral obstruction

Radical prostatectomy and radiation โž” may curative, but associated with complications
๏ปฟ

โญ• Pharmacological Therapy

๐Ÿ”ต LHRH agonist

Reversible method of androgen ablation = orchiectomy

Leuprolide acetate in different form
Goserelin acetate implant

ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ Leuprolide
ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ testosteron ูŠูˆุตู„ ู„ู„ castrate level ุฎู„ุงู„ 28 ูŠูˆู…

โญ• Adverse effect: disease flare up in first week(increase bone pain and urinary symptoms) , hot flash, erectile impotence, decreased libido and injection site reaction


ุญุชู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ disease flare upุŒ ูู‚ุจู„ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุจ 2-4 ุงุณุงุจูŠุน ุงู†ุทูŠ
Antiandrogen โž” Flutamide, Bicalutamide and Nilutamide

ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู†ู‡ ู†ุนุทูŠ Ca+D3 ูƒู…ูƒู…ู„ุงุช ุบุฐุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ ู„ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุฑุญ ุชู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุชุณุชูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู„ุนุธุงู…

ุงูˆ ุญุชู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู†ุทูŠ
Anti resorptive agent โž” Alendronate, Zoledronic acid and Denosumab





๐Ÿ”ต LHRH antagonist

Degarelix and Relugolix

ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุชู‚ู„ู„ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชุณุชูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู‰ castrate level ุฎู„ุงู„ ูุชุฑุฉ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ 7 ุงูŠุงู… ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู„

ูˆ ุงู„ุญู„ูˆ ุจูŠู‡ุง ู…ุง ุชุณูˆูŠ Disease flare up

Degarelix โž” S.C injection every 28 day
ู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุงู†ู‡ ู†ู†ุทูŠ ูˆูŠุงู‡ ู…ูƒู…ู„ุงุช ุบุฐุงุฆูŠุฉ ุชุญุชูˆูŠ Ca+D3 ู„ุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุณุจุจ OP

Relugolix โž” oral agent daily
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุตุนุจ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู„ุชุฒุงู… ุงู„ู€ adherence

โญ• Adverse effect: hot flashes, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, Qt prolongation



๐Ÿ”ต Antiandrogen

๐Ÿซ† 1st generation: Flutamide, Bicalutamide and Nilutamide
ุบูŠุฑ ู…ูˆุตู‰ ุจูŠู‡ุง ูƒ monotherapy

Indicated for advanced Prostate cancer only combined with LHRH agonists (Flutamide and Bicalutamide) or with orchiectomy (Nilutamide)

ุงู„ุฌูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูŠุณุจุจ:
Gynecomastia, hot flashes, decreased libido and breast tenderness

๐Ÿซ† 2nd generation: Apalutamide, Enzalutamide and Darolutamide

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Enzalutamide โž” may used first line
ุญุชู‰ ู†ุณูˆูŠ ุชุฃุฎูŠุฑ delay ุงู„ุจุฏุก ุจ chemotherapy ููŠ :
Pt with non metastatic CRPC
Pt with metastatic CRPC
Pt with metastatic naรฏve CRPC

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Darlutamide โž” non metastatic CRPC

ุงู„ุฌูŠู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุจุจ:
Seizures




๐Ÿ”ต Combined androgen blockade


ู…ูุถู„ ุญุชู‰ ู†ุณูˆูŠ completely eliminate androgen actionุŒ ู„ุงู† ุงู„ูƒุงู†ุณุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฑุฌุน ุฎู„ุงู„ 2-4 ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุจุนุฏ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€
LHRH agonists/antagonists



๐Ÿ”ต Alternative drug therapy

If radical prostatectomy is failed โž” alternative is Radiotherapy

If radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy are failed โž” alternative is androgen ablation therapy (LHRH agonists/antagonists)

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Abiraterone โž” androgen synthesis inhibitor targets CYP17ฮฑ1

Indicated in:
Pt with metastatic CRPC
Pt with metastatic naรฏve CRPC

ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุจุจ hypoadrenalism ูˆุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู…ุซู„
Hypertension, Hypokalemia, Edema
ูู„ุงุฒู… ุงู†ุทูŠ ูˆูŠุงู‡ prednisone ุญุชู‰ ู†ุนูˆุถ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ cortisol




๐Ÿ”ต Chemotherapy

Docetaxel (with prednisone) โž” improve survival in CRPC

ูŠุณุจุจ Alopecia, myelosuppression

Cabazitaxel (with prednisone) โž” improve progression free and overall survival
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ูŠ ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…
Docetaxel (with prednisone)



๐Ÿ”ต Immunotherapy

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Sipuleucel-T โž” approved for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic CRPC

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Pembrolizumab โž” inhibits signals
ูˆุชุณุจุจ ุชูุนูŠู„ ู„ู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุชุงุฆูŠุฉ T cell senescence ู ุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุงุท ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนูŠ ุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุณุฑุทุงู†ูŠุฉ

ูŠุณุจุจ immune adverse reaction



๐Ÿ”ต Targeted Therapy

ใ€ฝ๏ธ PARP inhibitors โž” olaprib and Rucaparib

Indicated in:
Pt with metastatic CRPC
ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุทูุฑุงุช ุฌูŠู†ูŠุฉ
(ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† homologous recombination ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู€ BRCA1, BRCA2)




๐Ÿ”ต Nuclear Therapy

ใ€ฝ๏ธ Radium-223 โž” ฮฑ emitter
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ูƒ
1st, 2nd, 3rd line in Pt with metastatic CRPC with symptomatic primary bone metastases

ุบูŠุฑ ู…ูˆุตู‰ ุจูŠู‡ ู…ุน:
Abiraterone, 2nd gen. Antiandrogen, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy

ุขุซุงุฑู‡ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุชุชุถู…ู†:
N/V/D, peripheral edema, bone marrow suppression



#Prostate_Cancer
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๐—”๐—ฅ๐—ข๐—ก ๐—ฆ๐—ง๐—จ๐——๐—ฌ
Alzheimer Disease.pdf
ุฎุงู ู‡ู… ูŠุฌู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ

ู‡ุฐู†ูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฒู‡ุงูŠู…ุฑ ุจุณ ุจูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุฎุงุตุฉ

Apraxia
ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุง ุฑุญ ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠุฃุฏูŠ ู…ู‡ุงู…ู‡
ุงูˆ ู…ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠุงูƒู„ ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ุง

Anomia
ู‡ู… ู†ูุณ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู†ุณูŠุงู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ูˆุงู„ุงุณู…ุงุก

Amnesia
ูู‚ุฏุงู† ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ

Agnosia
ู…ุง ูŠุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ุงุฑุจู‡ ุงูˆ ุงูุฑุงุฏ ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ

Aphasia
ุชู„ุนุซู… ุงูˆ ูƒู„ุงู… ุบูŠุฑ ู…ูู‡ูˆู…


ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุงุช ูƒู„ู‡ู† ุจุณ ู…ูˆ ุจู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช

ุฎุงู ูŠุฌู† ุญูุธูˆู‡ู† ู‡ุฌูŠ

#alzheimer
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