🔋 Capacitors: The Energy Storage Champions

Capacitors are essential components in electronics that store and release electrical energy in a circuit. They act as mini energy reservoirs, balancing voltage and smoothing out power fluctuations.

How Capacitors Work
A capacitor consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When voltage is applied, it stores energy as an electric field. The amount of energy it can hold depends on its capacitance, measured in farads (F).

Types of Capacitors

1) Electrolytic Capacitors:
- High capacitance.
- Used for filtering and power supply stabilization.

2) Ceramic Capacitors:
- Low capacitance.
- Ideal for high-frequency circuits and decoupling noise.

3) Film Capacitors:
- Stable and durable.
- Used in precision applications.

4) Supercapacitors:
- Extremely high capacitance.
- Used for energy storage in renewable energy systems.

Applications in Robotics
- Power Filtering: Smoothens out voltage fluctuations to protect components.
- Energy Storage: Provides short bursts of energy for motors or actuators.
- Signal Processing: Removes unwanted noise from signals.

Key Facts About Capacitors

- Polarity: Electrolytic capacitors have polarity (+/-), while ceramic ones are non-polar. Always connect them correctly to avoid damage!

- Voltage Rating: Never exceed the capacitor's voltage rating. A higher margin (e.g., 20%) is always safer.

- Capacitor Charging: Capacitors charge and discharge exponentially, making them useful for timing applications.

Quick Tips for Using Capacitors

- Always choose a voltage rating higher than your circuit's operating voltage.
- Use ceramic capacitors near microcontrollers to suppress high-frequency noise.
- For power circuits, combine electrolytic (bulk storage) and ceramic capacitors (noise filtering).

Useful Resources:

- Capacitor Basics Explained (All About Circuits):
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/direct-current/chpt-13/capacitors/

- Capacitor Charging Calculator (Omni Calculator):
https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/capacitor-energy

- Video: How Capacitors Work:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CIjXUg1s5gc

Capacitors might seem simple, but they are powerful tools for creating efficient and reliable circuits. From robotics to power systems, their versatility is unmatched! ⚡️

#Electronics #Robotics #ComponentReview

@arduino_hubb

⚙️ How to test Servo Motor using Arduino Uno | Step-by-Step guide

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Neowave - RGB WiFi Moodlamp

In this tutorial you will show you how to assemble this RGB lamp! The lamp is mostly 3D printed, and is easy to repeat by yourself. It uses an array of WS2812B individual addressable RGB LEDs, which gives it the ability to not only show every color, but also in different effects, like simulating a fire. All of this can be controlled via the app, WLED.

Do it yourself ➡️ https://www.instructables.com/Neowave-RGB-WiFi-Moodlamp/

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DIY Radar System using Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino 📷📷

#arduino_projects #radar #ultrasonic

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You can save the Arduino sticker pack to yourself. This sticker pack includes many components of the Arduino ecosystem.
Made by our team with love 🤫

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Watch this video if you want to build OTTO robot, a small robot walks by stepping. 🤖🦿

📌What you get on the video:

1) hands on approach- everything is step by step
2) the list of all necessary components and where to get them
3) 3D designs of necessary parts
4) all the sources including the code and libraries

After that, you will have an amazingly functional robot toy.

@arduino_hubb

Stepper motor, Arduino and button 🔧🦾

#electronics #engineering #arduino

@arduino_hubb

Happy New Year! 🎆

Here’s to everyone becoming the Robotics Engineers they aspire to be in 2025 😁—building the impossible and turning dreams into reality. We’ll be here to support you every step of the way. May this year bring you endless joy and success!

Best wishes,
Team JSrobotics ☺️

@arduino_hubb

⚠️ How NOT to fry your Arduino Uno

#microcontroller #electronics #power

@arduino_hubb

It's important not to fry Arduino as you may end up spending fortune to buy everytime 😅

Embedded LED 3D Printed Christmas Tree

This is a 3D-printed Christmas tree with embedded addressable LEDs inside. So it is possible to program the LEDs for nice light effects and using the 3D printed structure as a diffusor.

The tree is separated in 4 stages and a base element (the tree trunk) to make it easier to assemble and embed the LEDs during the prints. So in total 5 elements have to be printed.

https://www.instructables.com/id/Embedded-LED-3D-Printed-Christmas-Tree/