The flow chart illustrates the production of ethanol fuel from corn. Overall, about 9 different stages are involved in the producing ethanol fuel from corn starting with harvesting corn and finishing with transporting the end-product- ethanol fuel. It is also clear that a number of raw materials and specialized equipment are required in the procedure.
At the first stage in the process, corn – the main raw material – is yielded and then it is stored. After that, this stored corn is milled before it is cooked at the next stage which takes about 4 hours. It is in this stage when water is added to the substance. The following step involves fermenting the milled and cooked corn, and it lasts for 2 days and nights, thereafter which separating takes place producing either a solid by-product or liquid. It is the liquid that is further processed for 5 hours resulting in purified ethanol. In the subsequent step, it is stored prior to, finally, transporting it for consumption.
164 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
At the first stage in the process, corn – the main raw material – is yielded and then it is stored. After that, this stored corn is milled before it is cooked at the next stage which takes about 4 hours. It is in this stage when water is added to the substance. The following step involves fermenting the milled and cooked corn, and it lasts for 2 days and nights, thereafter which separating takes place producing either a solid by-product or liquid. It is the liquid that is further processed for 5 hours resulting in purified ethanol. In the subsequent step, it is stored prior to, finally, transporting it for consumption.
164 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
🆒2
EC7
Center for Educational Development
Todays topics: Television in the US, Spelling Bees in Schools, Policy versus Politics, Pronunciation in Minnesota.
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
Many young people today will never be able to afford to buy a house.
What has led to this situation? What can be done to remedy it?
A house is an expensive asset and buying one has become an unaffordable option for some young people. I believe that rising housing prices, rural migration, and consumer culture to be the underlying reasons for this issue, and there are some suggestions I will be making below to help mitigate the problem.
To start, several reasons can be cited as the main causes to explain why young adults today cannot afford a house. One such obvious reason is that housing prices in general have risen much over the last years. This was mainly caused by price surges in space cost and higher taxes. In my hometown, for instance, the cost of one-square-meter space has gone up by 12% since last year whereas the average salary one makes remained virtually the same. Another significant factor at work is rural migration. As more and more people move from the countryside in search of jobs and better living standards, there is now greater demand for housing than ever, which also leads to increases in real-estate prices. Finally, due to shift towards consumerism in today’s culture and the need to maintain good living standards, it is becoming less possible to save up money to buy a house.
Possible solutions to deal with this socio-economic problem require both state and individual effort. Government intervention might be required to help young individuals to receive loans from profitable banks in the area at very low or, if possible, no interest rates. Having received initial financial support from the state and banks, these people would be more confident and in a better position to make the choice of purchasing a house. Quite recently, the Uzbek government in cooperation with commercial banks launched a project to aid young couples to get interest-free mortgages to buy a newly-built apartment. Furthermore, as individuals, young people should also make conscious efforts to avoid frivolous spending so that they can save funds to buy a house later in the future.
In conclusion, there are a number of reasons why young people may not be able to buy a house, and I believe that state help and more frugality on the young individual’s part would be expected to go about this situation.
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
What has led to this situation? What can be done to remedy it?
A house is an expensive asset and buying one has become an unaffordable option for some young people. I believe that rising housing prices, rural migration, and consumer culture to be the underlying reasons for this issue, and there are some suggestions I will be making below to help mitigate the problem.
To start, several reasons can be cited as the main causes to explain why young adults today cannot afford a house. One such obvious reason is that housing prices in general have risen much over the last years. This was mainly caused by price surges in space cost and higher taxes. In my hometown, for instance, the cost of one-square-meter space has gone up by 12% since last year whereas the average salary one makes remained virtually the same. Another significant factor at work is rural migration. As more and more people move from the countryside in search of jobs and better living standards, there is now greater demand for housing than ever, which also leads to increases in real-estate prices. Finally, due to shift towards consumerism in today’s culture and the need to maintain good living standards, it is becoming less possible to save up money to buy a house.
Possible solutions to deal with this socio-economic problem require both state and individual effort. Government intervention might be required to help young individuals to receive loans from profitable banks in the area at very low or, if possible, no interest rates. Having received initial financial support from the state and banks, these people would be more confident and in a better position to make the choice of purchasing a house. Quite recently, the Uzbek government in cooperation with commercial banks launched a project to aid young couples to get interest-free mortgages to buy a newly-built apartment. Furthermore, as individuals, young people should also make conscious efforts to avoid frivolous spending so that they can save funds to buy a house later in the future.
In conclusion, there are a number of reasons why young people may not be able to buy a house, and I believe that state help and more frugality on the young individual’s part would be expected to go about this situation.
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍3
Differences between countries are becoming less evident. Nowadays, all around the world, we use same brands, fashion, TV channels, advertisements. To what extent the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Today's Task 2 exam question.
#examleak
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
Today's Task 2 exam question.
#examleak
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
EC8
Center for Educational Development
Topics today: Charles Dickens, Night, Dr. Phil, Sundance Film Festival, Donald Trump, Very vs. Really, Pretty vs. Quite.
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍3
The flow chart illustrates how hydroelectric power station operates. Generating electricity from hydropower is a cyclical process consisting of a number of stages. It is also manifest that sophisticated equipment and structures are used in the procedure.
Looking at the picture in more detail, initially, a river flows into the high-level reservoir, the water of which is kept by a man-made dam. Underneath the dam, there is a valve, serving the purpose of a gate that opens during the day and closes at night, controlling the intake of water. The water is then pumped down to the power station, through reversible turbines, into the low-level reservoir. These turbines, as a result, power the generator that produces electricity that is sent to a national grid via power lines for consumption. At night, the reversible turbines work in an opposite direction pumping the used water from the low-level reservoir back to the high-level one.
152 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
Looking at the picture in more detail, initially, a river flows into the high-level reservoir, the water of which is kept by a man-made dam. Underneath the dam, there is a valve, serving the purpose of a gate that opens during the day and closes at night, controlling the intake of water. The water is then pumped down to the power station, through reversible turbines, into the low-level reservoir. These turbines, as a result, power the generator that produces electricity that is sent to a national grid via power lines for consumption. At night, the reversible turbines work in an opposite direction pumping the used water from the low-level reservoir back to the high-level one.
152 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
👍4👏1
The pie charts compare the percentages of spending on five different categories in Japan and Malaysia.
Overall, the shares of spending on food, housing and other goods and services are similar in both countries. It is also clear that whereas the highest proportion of expenditure in Japan is on other goods and services, it is housing in Malaysia. Healthcare, by contrast, account for the least of both countries' expenses.
Focusing on housing, food and other goods and services first, Malaysia spends just over a third of its budget on housing, the highest figure. However, in Japan it goes on other goods and services, at just under 29%. Interestingly, food ranks second in terms of the proportions of expenditure in both Japan and Malaysia, at 24 and 27% respectively.
As for health care and transport categories, Japan’s proportions of spending on these two areas (6% and 20%) are two times as high as the figures for Malaysia (3% and 10%).
160 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
Overall, the shares of spending on food, housing and other goods and services are similar in both countries. It is also clear that whereas the highest proportion of expenditure in Japan is on other goods and services, it is housing in Malaysia. Healthcare, by contrast, account for the least of both countries' expenses.
Focusing on housing, food and other goods and services first, Malaysia spends just over a third of its budget on housing, the highest figure. However, in Japan it goes on other goods and services, at just under 29%. Interestingly, food ranks second in terms of the proportions of expenditure in both Japan and Malaysia, at 24 and 27% respectively.
As for health care and transport categories, Japan’s proportions of spending on these two areas (6% and 20%) are two times as high as the figures for Malaysia (3% and 10%).
160 words.
#task1
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
👍13
The pie charts give an account of much sodium, saturated fat, and added sugar are consumed by the average UK adult.
In general, it is clear that dinner serves as the main source of sodium and saturated fat, whereas it is snacks that make up the majority of the sugar intake. Furthermore, breakfast has been found to account for the least amounts of each of the nutrients.
Focusing on the main figures, almost the same amounts of sodium and saturated fat are received at lunch, with percentages standing at about 27% each, while dinner accounts for around two-fifths of these nutrients in UK adults’ diet. In stark contrast, lunch and dinner make up almost equal proportions of added sugar consumption, at a fifth.
As for the smaller percentages, adults in the UK consume as much saturated fat as they do sugar at breakfast, at 16%. However, they obtain over twice as much saturated fat as they do added sugar from snacks. Finally, snacks and breakfast comprised 17% and 13% of sodium consumed respectively.
#task1
In general, it is clear that dinner serves as the main source of sodium and saturated fat, whereas it is snacks that make up the majority of the sugar intake. Furthermore, breakfast has been found to account for the least amounts of each of the nutrients.
Focusing on the main figures, almost the same amounts of sodium and saturated fat are received at lunch, with percentages standing at about 27% each, while dinner accounts for around two-fifths of these nutrients in UK adults’ diet. In stark contrast, lunch and dinner make up almost equal proportions of added sugar consumption, at a fifth.
As for the smaller percentages, adults in the UK consume as much saturated fat as they do sugar at breakfast, at 16%. However, they obtain over twice as much saturated fat as they do added sugar from snacks. Finally, snacks and breakfast comprised 17% and 13% of sodium consumed respectively.
#task1
❤2👍1
In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move to regional areas outside the big cities. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?
In some parts of the world, authorities are urging organizations and industries to move to suburban areas. In my opinion, the benefits of this movement are outweighed by the drawbacks it might bring.
Looking firstly at the benefits of moving businesses out of cities, a crucial one is the creation of job opportunities for those local areas. Industries and enterprises are in need of workforce, so the movement of them to rural areas means a reduction in unemployment rates in deprived places. Besides cutting down on unemployment, functioning of these businesses and industries in regional areas also aid in dealing with the prevalent issue of overcrowding in municipal areas. It is true that due to better facilities, vacancies, and promotional opportunities, cities seem to be appealing to most people, and they flock to urban areas. Therefore, having businesses and industries moved to suburban areas is a win-win situation.
Nevertheless, by examining the arguments provided above from a different angle, I believe that the negatives of this movement are far more significant. Firstly, it took businesses and industries several years to establish their reputation in cities and stand on a good financial health. If they are forced to move to rustic areas, the chances are that they will face immense expenses of movement, lose competent and experienced employees, and have a worsened corporate image. Not only does this encouragement to move bring the businesses and industries to the verge of bankruptcy, but also makes provision of raw materials by suppliers and commuting for employees difficult. In this sense, moving these organizations and industries from city areas to somewhere else is a change for the worse.
Although relocating businesses and industries to regional areas presents the merits of job opportunities and solves the issue of overcrowding in cities, doing so is not sensible if these corporations lack skilled workforce, suppliers, and have a deteriorated corporate reputation in destination regions. Overall, I am of the view that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages.
329 words.
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
In some parts of the world, authorities are urging organizations and industries to move to suburban areas. In my opinion, the benefits of this movement are outweighed by the drawbacks it might bring.
Looking firstly at the benefits of moving businesses out of cities, a crucial one is the creation of job opportunities for those local areas. Industries and enterprises are in need of workforce, so the movement of them to rural areas means a reduction in unemployment rates in deprived places. Besides cutting down on unemployment, functioning of these businesses and industries in regional areas also aid in dealing with the prevalent issue of overcrowding in municipal areas. It is true that due to better facilities, vacancies, and promotional opportunities, cities seem to be appealing to most people, and they flock to urban areas. Therefore, having businesses and industries moved to suburban areas is a win-win situation.
Nevertheless, by examining the arguments provided above from a different angle, I believe that the negatives of this movement are far more significant. Firstly, it took businesses and industries several years to establish their reputation in cities and stand on a good financial health. If they are forced to move to rustic areas, the chances are that they will face immense expenses of movement, lose competent and experienced employees, and have a worsened corporate image. Not only does this encouragement to move bring the businesses and industries to the verge of bankruptcy, but also makes provision of raw materials by suppliers and commuting for employees difficult. In this sense, moving these organizations and industries from city areas to somewhere else is a change for the worse.
Although relocating businesses and industries to regional areas presents the merits of job opportunities and solves the issue of overcrowding in cities, doing so is not sensible if these corporations lack skilled workforce, suppliers, and have a deteriorated corporate reputation in destination regions. Overall, I am of the view that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages.
329 words.
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍1🕊1
EC9
Center for Educational Development
Today's topics: Lunar New Year, British English, Quincenera, Schools in the US, Well, Good, and Bad, Effect versus Affect, Maybe versus Perhaps.
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
❤1
The pie charts describe how local government managed public budget in 2010 and 2015.
Overall, the local government expenditure on education, healthcare, and pensions, the biggest spending sectors, remained virtually the same after five years whereas noticeable spending increases were seen in welfare and interest in borrowing.
As for the government spending figures in 2010, the percentage of expenditure on pensions and defense were almost the same, with each standing at 19% and 17% respectively. The amount of spending on healthcare was little over four times as much as public spending on borrowing, which made up a tiny 5%. Similarly, three times as much public money was allotted to education as it was to welfare. In that year, transportation, culture and leisure, and other sectors all accounted for 6% of the total spending.
Focusing on the latter year, almost no changes were witnessed with respect to government spending on pensions and healthcare. In contrast, the figures for public expenditure on defense and education were shrunk by 3% each. With transport and interest borrowing, one the other hand, the government outlays had been increased by 5%. Finally, the remaining spending categories received twice as little funding as they did in 2010.
#task1 #examleak
#Mukhammadali_Issues
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
Overall, the local government expenditure on education, healthcare, and pensions, the biggest spending sectors, remained virtually the same after five years whereas noticeable spending increases were seen in welfare and interest in borrowing.
As for the government spending figures in 2010, the percentage of expenditure on pensions and defense were almost the same, with each standing at 19% and 17% respectively. The amount of spending on healthcare was little over four times as much as public spending on borrowing, which made up a tiny 5%. Similarly, three times as much public money was allotted to education as it was to welfare. In that year, transportation, culture and leisure, and other sectors all accounted for 6% of the total spending.
Focusing on the latter year, almost no changes were witnessed with respect to government spending on pensions and healthcare. In contrast, the figures for public expenditure on defense and education were shrunk by 3% each. With transport and interest borrowing, one the other hand, the government outlays had been increased by 5%. Finally, the remaining spending categories received twice as little funding as they did in 2010.
#task1 #examleak
#Mukhammadali_Issues
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍5🤯1
Intelligence is the most important quality that a leader needs to have. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
It is argued that intelligence is the most crucial personality trait for effective leadership. While there might be some truth in this statement, I am of the view that there are other equally important characteristics to it.
There are some instances when intelligence can be viewed as key part of leadership. One is linked with conflict resolution. It is no wonder that workplace is full of disagreements and arguments among co-workers, so knowing when to use the right approach to settle those differences is central to leadership in these cases. Not only while resolving conflicts, but also in making important decisions for the company, intelligence does play a vital part. Leaders are the ones who set long-term objectives, develop strategies, and keep their organization running. Conversely, a company might be on the verge of bankruptcy if it were not for intelligent leaders.
Despite the reasons stated above, I believe that other leadership qualities are as essential as intelligence. Firstly, if a leader is not dedicated to their job, it sets a poor example to subordinates. This is because if a company manager or a CEO comes to work late, does not work to their full potential, and are not motivated to go the extra mile, employees are also likely to hold a reluctant attitude to work. Dedication of leaders is what keeps the whole team focused on the task, willing to work overtime if needed, and enjoy pay rises as a consequence. Besides being dedicated, leaders also must possess strong social skills. If it were not for interpersonal skills, a company would face high turnover and employee dissatisfaction. From my personal experience, my boss, who has good interpersonal skills, has persuaded me to handle my colleague’s workload recently during his ill-health though I have been reluctant.
In conclusion, although the role of intelligence is significant in resolving conflicts and taking strategic decisions that will impact the company in the long run, I disagree that dedication and social skills of leaders are less important than intelligence.
#exampaper
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
It is argued that intelligence is the most crucial personality trait for effective leadership. While there might be some truth in this statement, I am of the view that there are other equally important characteristics to it.
There are some instances when intelligence can be viewed as key part of leadership. One is linked with conflict resolution. It is no wonder that workplace is full of disagreements and arguments among co-workers, so knowing when to use the right approach to settle those differences is central to leadership in these cases. Not only while resolving conflicts, but also in making important decisions for the company, intelligence does play a vital part. Leaders are the ones who set long-term objectives, develop strategies, and keep their organization running. Conversely, a company might be on the verge of bankruptcy if it were not for intelligent leaders.
Despite the reasons stated above, I believe that other leadership qualities are as essential as intelligence. Firstly, if a leader is not dedicated to their job, it sets a poor example to subordinates. This is because if a company manager or a CEO comes to work late, does not work to their full potential, and are not motivated to go the extra mile, employees are also likely to hold a reluctant attitude to work. Dedication of leaders is what keeps the whole team focused on the task, willing to work overtime if needed, and enjoy pay rises as a consequence. Besides being dedicated, leaders also must possess strong social skills. If it were not for interpersonal skills, a company would face high turnover and employee dissatisfaction. From my personal experience, my boss, who has good interpersonal skills, has persuaded me to handle my colleague’s workload recently during his ill-health though I have been reluctant.
In conclusion, although the role of intelligence is significant in resolving conflicts and taking strategic decisions that will impact the company in the long run, I disagree that dedication and social skills of leaders are less important than intelligence.
#exampaper
#task2
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍16❤1🤯1
Alisher&Mukhammadali posts
Intelligence is the most important quality that a leader needs to have. To what extent do you agree or disagree? It is argued that intelligence is the most crucial personality trait for effective leadership. While there might be some truth in this statement…
As you know, it was my exam question. I tried to rewrite the essay I had written in my exam with my students.
EC10
Center for Educational Development
Today's topics: Coretta Scott King, Super Bowls and Pizza, "We will rock you" by Queen, You bet versus I bet, Gonna, woulda, coulda, Speaking of which.
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
#ApodcastAday
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
task 1.docx
99.7 KB
A band 8.0 essay I wrote with my students at the beginning of the year I think. I shared it before, but some of my new students might not have seen it. The feedback was provided by a niner (Beyden James), with an 8.5 in writing.
I hope this gives you an idea of how a band 8.0 report looks, and how difficult it is to achieve higher than 7.0 in TA and CC.
If you are scoring a 7.0, you should be happy.
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
I hope this gives you an idea of how a band 8.0 report looks, and how difficult it is to achieve higher than 7.0 in TA and CC.
If you are scoring a 7.0, you should be happy.
⚡️@alisherposts ⚡️
Social media has replaced the traditional methods of communicating and people use more and more social media in communicating and to follow news and events.
Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
The recent pandemic made the power of social media felt more than ever, not just as a platform for socializing, but also as an instant means of communicating and sharing news. While I think the role of social media platforms in facilitating easier communication is praiseworthy, I must assert that its presence in news distribution should not be viewed as a positive development.
It is true that social media has gone a long way towards improving our lives with its versatility. Having overserved its original purpose, which was allowing users keep social online, today it can be used to do a whole spectrum of tasks, all the way from text messaging to broadcasting live videos to the whole world. In this sense, it can be said that it has practically made the need for other modes of communication obsolete. Also, instant and broad access to events happening worldwide has been made possible; one can obtain local and international news live or few minutes after it happens from sometimes as many as a dozen outlets. This is as though the entire world is on one’s doorstep.
However, as much as I intend not to sound pessimistic, I believe that social media can be a victim of its own meteoric rise. Since its inception, social media has often been met with public criticism for being addictive and rendering personal communication and most of the desirable qualities it comes with redundant. It is known that with social media it is rather tempting to look at suggested posts or to check one’s account feed while using it for communication purposes. As for the experience, one generally is not required to be sociable and good with people when typing behind the screen. Strange enough, it sometimes feels surreal to be interacting with people, or should I say their moving images, which makes one wonder if it is all real.
In conclusion, although I agree that the whole concept of communication and news distribution has been by and large changed for the better with social media, I resort to saying that it should not be viewed as a paradigm for our communication needs.
#task2
#SundayMock
#Mukhammadali_Issues
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
The recent pandemic made the power of social media felt more than ever, not just as a platform for socializing, but also as an instant means of communicating and sharing news. While I think the role of social media platforms in facilitating easier communication is praiseworthy, I must assert that its presence in news distribution should not be viewed as a positive development.
It is true that social media has gone a long way towards improving our lives with its versatility. Having overserved its original purpose, which was allowing users keep social online, today it can be used to do a whole spectrum of tasks, all the way from text messaging to broadcasting live videos to the whole world. In this sense, it can be said that it has practically made the need for other modes of communication obsolete. Also, instant and broad access to events happening worldwide has been made possible; one can obtain local and international news live or few minutes after it happens from sometimes as many as a dozen outlets. This is as though the entire world is on one’s doorstep.
However, as much as I intend not to sound pessimistic, I believe that social media can be a victim of its own meteoric rise. Since its inception, social media has often been met with public criticism for being addictive and rendering personal communication and most of the desirable qualities it comes with redundant. It is known that with social media it is rather tempting to look at suggested posts or to check one’s account feed while using it for communication purposes. As for the experience, one generally is not required to be sociable and good with people when typing behind the screen. Strange enough, it sometimes feels surreal to be interacting with people, or should I say their moving images, which makes one wonder if it is all real.
In conclusion, although I agree that the whole concept of communication and news distribution has been by and large changed for the better with social media, I resort to saying that it should not be viewed as a paradigm for our communication needs.
#task2
#SundayMock
#Mukhammadali_Issues
⚡️ @alisherposts ⚡️
👍4👌1
Alisher&Mukhammadali posts
Social media has replaced the traditional methods of communicating and people use more and more social media in communicating and to follow news and events. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? The recent pandemic made the power of social media…
I decided to rewrite the second body paragraph after I realized that there were few things I could change to improve TR and CC there. I will be soon making another post to explain the reasons why.
However, as much as I intend not to sound pessimistic, I believe that social media can be a victim of its own meteoric rise. Since its inception, social media has often been met with public criticism for being addictive and rendering personal communication and most of the desirable qualities it comes with redundant. From our personal experiences on social media, we can say that one generally is not required to be sociable and good with people when behind typing behind the screen. Strange enough, it even sometimes feels surreal to be interacting with people, or should I say their moving images, which makes one wonder if it is all real. Furthermore, the possibility of broadcasting news on social media has allowed people to share and consume more news than their brains can process. Even worse, the quality and reliability of news on social media are often affected by the urge to share everything happening in our lives and the people who seek to use it in malicious ways. Finally, it is known that with social media it is rather tempting to look at suggested posts or to check one’s account feed while using it for communication purposes.
However, as much as I intend not to sound pessimistic, I believe that social media can be a victim of its own meteoric rise. Since its inception, social media has often been met with public criticism for being addictive and rendering personal communication and most of the desirable qualities it comes with redundant. From our personal experiences on social media, we can say that one generally is not required to be sociable and good with people when behind typing behind the screen. Strange enough, it even sometimes feels surreal to be interacting with people, or should I say their moving images, which makes one wonder if it is all real. Furthermore, the possibility of broadcasting news on social media has allowed people to share and consume more news than their brains can process. Even worse, the quality and reliability of news on social media are often affected by the urge to share everything happening in our lives and the people who seek to use it in malicious ways. Finally, it is known that with social media it is rather tempting to look at suggested posts or to check one’s account feed while using it for communication purposes.
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