#8 World Englishes: West African Pidgin English

❗️ About 75 million people in West Africa speak Pidgin – a mixed language that is made up of English and local African languages. It is mainly spoken in Africa’s most populous country Nigeria but also in Ghana and Cameroon. Pidgin is so big now that the BBC even started a Pidgin news service.

🔘 Pronunciation: The English [th] sounds are changed to [d] and [t], “this thing” is pronounced like dis ting; the letter “a” is often pronounced as a straight [a] or [e] rather than [ə] or [eɪ], e.g. “Africa” is [afrika] and not [æfrɪkə]; like in Black American English “ask” is pronounced [aks].

🔘 Grammar: Dey is a present tense marker, e.g. “I go” becomes A dey go; the English auxiliary "have" is don.

🔘 Vocabulary: “eat” and “food” are both chop; the question tag “…, isn’t it?” is abi?; "you guys" is una.

▶️Check out what it sounds like:
⛓ About the BBC in Pidgin
⛓ About an English lady speaking Pidgin

👉@afandi_english👈 #world_englishes

#22 Our favourite mistakes: Pronunciation

▶️ Try pronouncing the following words:
• Argentina
• Egypt
• gesture
• legend
• Nigeria
• register
• strategy
• tragic

❓What sound do these words have in common?

❗️Unlike in Russian and Uzbek, the letter “g” is pronounced [ʤ], as in “gym”:
• Argentina [a:ʤən’ti:nə]
• Egypt [‘i:ʤɪpt]
• gesture [‘ʤesʧə]
• legend [‘leʤənd]
• Nigeria [naɪ’ʤi:rɪə]
• register [‘reʤɪstə]
• strategy [‘strætəʤɪ]
• tragic [‘træʤɪk]


👉@afandi_english👈 #mistakes #pronunciation

#1 Go out and teach! Studying vs acquiring

🆕 As you follow this channel your English is probably not bad and maybe some people around you have asked you to teach them. Or you already know that teaching is a great way to learn? Or you’re a teacher already? This series of posts will give you some inspiration.

🔎 Studying is learning something in a controlled process. Your students sit down for some time, read something or listen to you. This is good for their knowledge but may not improve their skills.

🔎 Acquiring is when your students learn language by just “picking it up”. They don’t do exercises but learn to use the language naturally in a language environment you create for them. They may not feel the progress but their skills are sure to improve.

❗️Knowing the difference is important. It shows you there are different ways to teach a language. Acquiring is very efficient but we don’t trust it enough.


👉@afandi_english👈

#7 Spot Afandi and his donkey: Dream team – Afandi and Bobur!

❓ Can you spot Afandi and his donkey in this picture?

❗️If you can, follow the instructions in #1 (see pinned message) and win 5,000 Paynet-soums!

👉@afandi_english👈 #spot_afandi

#8 Tongue twister: Please notice

❗️Practice your pronunciation with this tongue twister today.

▶️ If you notice this notice you will notice that this notice isn’t worth noticing.

❗️Pay attention to:

🔘 Pronunciation – “notice” has two syllables and is pronounced [nəʊtɪs], not the same as “notes”.

🔘 Intonation – strong / weak: Nouns and adjectives often sound stronger because they carry more meaning than other words. Repeated words are not so strong.
If you notice (verb) this NOTICE (noun)⤴️ you will notice (repeated verb) that this notice (repeated noun) isn’t worth noticing.

🔘 Intonation – up / down: Different phrases are often marked by rising intonation. At the end of a sentence we usually go down.
If you notice this notice (end of if-clause) ⤴️ you will notice that this notice isn’t worth noticing ⤵️ (end of sentence).

----------
Vocab:
notice (verb) = anglamoq
notice (noun) = bildirishnoma, e’lon
worth doing = qilishga arziydi


👉@afandi_english👈 #tongue_twisters

#23 Our favourite mistakes: Vocabulary

▶️ Please translate the following sentences:
Afandi juda aqilli. Uning bakalavr va magistrlik darajalari bor.

❌ Perhaps you think it is:
Afandi is very smart. He has a backalaur and a magister degree.

✅ Well, it should be:
Afandi is very smart. He has a bachelor and a master degree. / He has a bachelor’s and a master’s.

❓Why?

❗️ Both bachelor / bakalavr and master / magistr are international but not the same in English and Russian.

❗️ There are some short forms with ’s here. If you have a bachelor’s or master’s it means that you have a bachelor or master degree. If you do a bachelor’s or master’s it means that you study in a degree programme at university.


👉@afandi_english👈 #mistakes #vocabulary

#8 University Vocab: Entering & Leaving University

❗️ There are some words to know about starting and finishing your studies at university. What are they?

🔎 There is only one way to begin your studies officially, and that is to enrol after receiving an admission letter to confirm that you have been accepted.

🔎 There are three ways to leave the university. In the best case you complete your programme and graduate. However, some students find studying too hard or they have other things to do. They may stop studying without completing their programme and drop out. Bill Gates and Steve Jobs were famous university dropouts. Finally, some few students may also get expelled for doing something bad.

👉@afandi_english👈 #uni_vocab

#7 YouTube Channel Recommendation: Kurzgesagt (In A Nutshell)

⛓ Link: www.youtube.com/user/Kurzgesagt

📊 English Level: Upper

🔤 Subtitles: Available

💬 Topics: Science, society, future, space

💡 Content: Kurzgesagt has some of the most interestingly and professionally animated videos on YouTube. Their content is well-researched and highly informative and gives you in-depth knowledge of important topics that you may have never really thought about. Meanwhile the videos are a great source of high-level vocabulary.


👉@afandi_english👈 #youtube

#8 Learn how to learn: Reciting (yodlash)

❓Reciting is a traditional way to learn a language but that doesn’t mean it’s bad. How to use it efficiently?

1️⃣ Less is more. You don’t have to recite lots of texts but do it well.

2️⃣ Reciting grammar rules or random written texts doesn’t move you and you can’t develop your feeling for the language in this way. Choose spoken texts like speeches, poems or song lyrics instead.

3️⃣ Choose texts that you find attractive and imitate. By reciting you make a text your own, and that’s not a small decision.

4️⃣ Make sure you understand the meaning of what you recite. When you don’t understand there is no language learning benefit.

5️⃣ Practice not only your fluency but also your intonation, your vocabulary and even your grammar.

❗️Reciting words one by one is not a very efficient kind of activity. But if we use reciting in a more personal and exciting way it can greatly help us learn a language.


👉@afandi_english👈 #learn2learn

#1 Featured article: USA and China fighting on your phone

🆕 In this new series on Afandi English we’re bringing you interesting newspaper articles from high-quality sources like The Economist or the BBC. Whether you’re preparing for IELTS or teach students or just want to stay informed – a good understanding of global affairs makes all the difference to your outlook and advanced skill building.

📍 It’s normal for us to watch YouTube videos on a Chinese phone or download the Chinese app TikTok from Google Play. We get the best of both worlds. But imagine a future in which your country has to decide to use either the technology of the US or that of China, and the two no longer fit together. Get ready for a new cold war on your phone!

⛓https://www.economist.com/leaders/2020/07/11/tiktok-and-the-sino-american-tech-split?utm_campaign=the-economist-this-week&utm_medium=newsletter&utm_source=salesforce-marketing-cloud&utm_term=2020-07-09&utm_content=article2_flytitle

👉@afandi_english👈 #article #economist

#8 Spot Afandi and his donkey: Afandi enjoying a good light show

❓ Can you spot Afandi and his donkey in this picture?

❗️If you can, follow the instructions in #1 (see pinned message) and win 5,000 Paynet-soums!

👉@afandi_english👈 #spot_afandi

#24 Our favourite mistakes: Grammar

▶️ Please translate the following sentences:
Afandining do’stlaridan birining ko’proq puli bor.

❌ Perhaps you think it is:
One of Afandi’s friend has more money.

✅ Well, it should be:
One of Afandi’s friends has a lot of money.

❓Why?

❗️ Although the sentence is only about one friend, “friends” is in the plural. This is because Afandi has many friends and we are talking about one of them.

❗️ The word “more” is used for comparisons. When you say “more” the meaning should be “more than …” but in this sentence it’s not clear with who you are comparing Afandi’s friend. Therefore it should be “a lot of money”, not “more money”.

👉@afandi_english👈 #mistakes #grammar

#6 It’s a strange world: Polyandry

❓ Traditional Tibetan women may have several husbands at the same time. What??? Several husbands?

❗️Polyandry, the practice of women being married to several husbands, is a traditional in Tibetan society to avoid dividing land between a family’s sons. It’s always interesting to see how different cultures can be!

⛓https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyandry

▶️Here’s a YouTube video about polyandry: www.youtube.com/watch?v=h22-wHytFF0


👉@afandi_english👈 #strange_world #culture

#1 Education Video: You can learn anything

🆕 In this new series we’re bringing you videos that are all about education. Whether you’re a simple learner, a teacher or a life-long learner and whether you’re in need of information or inspiration – you will most definitely find the videos meaningful!

❗️Today’s video is from Khan Academy and inspires us to keep going in our learning endeavour.

▶️ www.youtube.com/watch?v=JC82Il2cjqA


👉@afandi_english👈

#9 World Englishes: Indian English

❗️ 12-30% of Indians are fluent in English. That may not seem much but given India’s huge population, the number of speakers is 200 to 400 million, similar to the US. Indians are only going to speak Indian English to you, so better learn to understand!

🔘 Pronunciation: [t] and [d] sounds are retroflex, the tongue is curbed upwards and moves forward; the ‘th’ sounds [ð] and [θ] are replaced with [d] and [t], the [r] is trilled and the double vowels [eɪ] or [ou] are long single vowels [e:] and [o:].

🔘 Grammar: The ‘-ing’ form is used even for verbs like “know” and “understand”.

🔘 Vocabulary: “Less” can be an adjective (“My money is very less”) and there are double comparatives like “more better”; big numbers are different – 100 thousand is 1 lakh and 10 million is 1 crore; “yar” is the informal question tag “isn’t it?”.

▶️ Check out what it sounds like:
⛓ Serious
⛓ Funny

👉@afandi_english👈 #world_englishes

#25 Our favourite mistakes: Pronunciation

▶️ Try pronouncing the following words:
• answer
• sword
• half
• talk
• walk
• iron
• fruit
• juice
• muscle
• scissors
• debt
• plumber
• tomb
• receipt
• handsome

❓What do these words have in common?

❗️They all contain silent letters:
• silent w in answer [a:nsə] and sword [sɔ:d]
• silent l in half [ha:f], talk [tɔ:k] and walk [wɔ:k]
• silent r in iron [‘aɪən]
• silent i in fruit [fru:t] and juice [ʤu:s]
• silent c in muscle [mʌsl] and scissors [‘sɪzəz]
• silent b in debt [det], plumber [‘plʌmə] and tomb [tu:m]
• silent p in receipt [rɪ’si:t]
• silent d in handsome [‘hænsəm]

❗️Some words are often but not always pronounced with a silent letter:
• almost – both [‘ɔ:lməʊst] or [‘ɔ:məʊst]
• always – both [‘ɔ:lweɪz] or [‘ɔ:weɪz]
• asked – both [‘a:skd] or [‘a:sd]
• often – both [‘ɔ:ftən] or [‘ɔ:fən]


👉@afandi_english👈 #mistakes #pronunciation

#2 Go out and teach! Approach, Method, Technique

❗️These three are often confused. Make sure you know the difference!

🔎 An approach is your basic idea of what language is and how it is learnt. Perhaps you think that students need to follow the teacher, they need rules and discipline. Or you think the opposite –students need to explore and discover the language and themselves. Your approach decides your method!

🔎 A method is a way of teaching and learning, more concrete than your approach. If your approach is traditional you’ll probably choose the Grammar-Translation Method. Your students learn grammar through rules and translation. Or it’s communicative, letting them learn more during communication. Your method decides your techniques!

🔎 A technique is the smallest unit. Traditional techniques include memorising, translating, or letting students repeat after you (drilling). Modern ones include eliciting, role play, feedback, etc.

👉@afandi_english👈