Think of your phone contacts list
You save a number under a name so you do not have to remember the actual digits
A variable is the exact same idea
Instead of writing 2500 every time in your code
You save it under a name and use that name instead
salary = 2500
print(salary) # 2500
You can also update it anytime:
salary = 2500
salary = 3000
print(salary) # 3000
That is why it is called a variable β it can vary
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You can name a variable almost anything but there are rules:
Good:
user_name = "Allah"
total_price = 150
is_logged_in = True
Bad:
1name = "Allah" # starts with number
total price = 150 # has a space
total@price = 150 # special character
Also β always make your names meaningful
x = 150 works but total_price = 150 is 10x easier to read later
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Not everything you store is the same kind of thing
A name is different from a number, a yes/no is different from both
Python has types for each:
1. int β whole numbers
age = 22
followers = 10000
2. float β decimal numbers
price = 9.99
temperature = 36.6
3. str β text
name = "Allah"
message = "Welcome to the channel"
Always wrap text in quotes β single or double both work
4. bool β True or False only
is_online = True
is_banned = False
True and False must start with capital letters
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Python has a built in function called type()
Use it whenever you are not sure what type a variable is
name = "Allah"
age = 69
price = 0.01
is_online = True
print(type(name)) # <class 'str'>
print(type(age)) # <class 'int'>
print(type(price)) # <class 'float'>
print(type(is_online)) # <class 'bool'>
Run this and see what prints
This will save you a lot of confusion when debugging later
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Mixing types without converting them first
age = 22
print("I am " + age + " years old") # CRASH
This crashes because you cannot combine text and a number directly
Fix it by converting the number to text first:
age = 22
print("I am " + str(age) + " years old") # Works
Or use an f-string β we cover this properly next lecture:
age = 22
print(f"I am {age} years old") # Cleaner
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Watch this after reading through all the posts
Python Full Course 2024 β freeCodeCamp
Covers variables, all data types, and type conversion
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Create a Python file and store this info about yourself:
name = "" # your name
age = 0 # your age
height = 0.0 # your height
is_student = True
print(f"Name: {name}")
print(f"Age: {age}")
print(f"Height: {height}")
print(f"Student: {is_student}")
print(f"Types: {type(name)}, {type(age)}, {type(height)}, {type(is_student)}")
Fill in your actual info, run it and screenshot the output
Bonus β add 3 more variables of your choice
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Should I start posting lectures quickerβ
Like 1 lecture per dayβΌοΈ
Like 1 lecture per day
Anonymous Poll
89%
YesβοΈ
11%
Noβ
Last lecture you learned how to store data in variables
This lecture we go deeper into the most used data type β strings
And we add something that makes your code actually feel alive β user input
This lecture covers:
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A string is just text β anything wrapped in quotes
name = "Allah"
message = 'Welcome to the channel'
number_as_text = "1234" # this is text, not a number
You can combine strings together β this is called concatenation:
first = "Allah"
second = " Hu Akbar"
print(first + second) # Allah Hu Akbar
And repeat them:
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We teased this last lecture β now we cover it properly
The messy way:
name = "Allah"
age = 22
print("My name is " + name + " and I am " + str(age) + " years old")
The clean way with f-strings:
name = "Allah"
age = 22
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old")
Just put f before the opening quote and wrap variables in curly braces
You can even do math inside:
price = 100
discount = 20
print(f"Final price: {price - discount}") # Final price: 80
From now on always use f-strings β forget the + method
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π String Methods
Python gives you built in tools to work with strings
You use them with a dot after the variable
You will use these constantly when building bots
Bots deal with text all day β these are your best friends
Python gives you built in tools to work with strings
You use them with a dot after the variable
name = " allah "
print(name.upper()) # ALLAH
print(name.lower()) # allah
print(name.strip()) # allah β removes extra spaces
print(name.strip().title()) # Allah β capitalizes first letter
message = "Welcome to the channel"
print(message.replace("channel", "group")) # Welcome to the group
print(message.split(" ")) # ['Welcome', 'to', 'the', 'channel']
print(len(message)) # 22
email = "allahlovesram69@gmail.com"
print(email.startswith("allah")) # True
print(email.endswith(".com")) # True
print("gmail" in email) # True
You will use these constantly when building bots
Bots deal with text all day β these are your best friends
input() lets the user type something and your code responds
name = input("What is your name? ")
print(f"Hello {name}!")Run this and type your name β your code just talked back to you
Important β input() always gives you a string
Even if the user types a number you get it as text
So if you need to do math with it, convert it first:
age = int(input("How old are you? "))
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name = input("Enter your name: ").strip().title()
age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
city = input("Enter your city: ").strip()
print(f"Name : {name}")
print(f"Age : {age}")
print(f"City : {city}")
print(f"In 5 years you will be {age + 5}")
print(f"Your name has {len(name)} letters")Notice line 1 β we take input, strip spaces, and capitalize all in one line
This is how real clean code looks
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Watch this after reading through all the posts
Python Full Course 2024 β freeCodeCamp
Covers strings, strip, title case, interactive mode, arithmetic, and formatting numbers
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Build a personal info card generator
Ask the user for name, age, city and hobby then print a formatted card:
name = input("Name: ").strip().title()
age = int(input("Age: "))
city = input("City: ").strip().title()
hobby = input("Hobby: ").strip().lower()
print("====================")
print(f" Name : {name}")
print(f" Age : {age}")
print(f" City : {city}")
print(f" Hobby : {hobby}")
print(f" Name length: {len(name)} letters")
print("====================")Screenshot your output
Bonus β add one more input of your choice
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