📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Present Perfect — ጊዜ ሳይጠቀስ ያለፈ

📖 ትምህርት: ጊዜ ሳይጠቀስ ያለፈ ልምድ ወይም ገና ያልተጠቀሰ ጊዜ ላለ ድርጊት ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: Subject + have/has + V3

✅ ምሳሌ: I have visited Lalibela. / She has finished her homework already.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "They ___ (eat) injera before." — have ወይስ has?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/r-nXpW740ZM

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 'just, already, yet, ever, never, since, for' ካሉ present perfect ነዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Past Perfect — ከሌላ ያለፈ ቀደም ያለ

📖 ትምህርት: ሁለት ያለፉ ድርጊቶች ሲኖሩ የቀደመዉን ለማሳየት ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: Subject + had + V3

✅ ምሳሌ: She had studied before the exam started. / By the time he arrived, they had left.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "When I arrived, she ___ (already, finish) cooking." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/0nZaBirXayY

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 'before, by the time, when, already' ካሉ past perfect ይሆናል። had + V3።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Future Perfect — ወደፊት ያልቃል

📖 ትምህርት: ወደፊት አንድ ጊዜ ላይ ሌላ ነገር ከመሆኑ በፊት ያልቃል ሲባል ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: Subject + will + have + V3

✅ ምሳሌ: By Friday, she will have finished the project.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "By tomorrow, I ___ (study) 10 chapters." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/cbj8viIbRs8

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 'by tomorrow, by next week' ካሉ future perfect ይሆናል።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Zero Conditional — ሁልጊዜ እዉነት

📖 ትምህርት: ሁልጊዜ እዉነት የሆኑ ነገሮችን — ሳይንሳዊ እዉነታዎችን — ለማሳየት ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: If + V1, V1

✅ ምሳሌ: If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "If you ___ (mix) blue and yellow, you ___ (get) green." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/w6Qxy9K6NFg

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: Zero conditional = ሁልጊዜ እዉነት ሳይንስ። ሁለቱም ክፍሎች V1 ናቸዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 TODAY'S LESSON: First Conditional — ሊሆን ይችላል

📖 ትምህርት: ሊሆን የሚችሉ ወደፊት ሁኔታዎችን ለማሳየት ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: If + V1, will + V1

✅ ምሳሌ: If you study hard, you will pass.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "If she ___ (call), I ___ (answer)." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/w6Qxy9K6NFg

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 1st conditional = ሊሆን ይችላል። If + present simple, will + V1።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Second Conditional — ምናልባት ባይሆን

📖 ትምህርት: የማይሆን ወይም ምናልባት ቢሆን ብሎ ሲታሰብ ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: If + were/V2, would + V1

✅ ምሳሌ: If I were rich, I would help everyone.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "If I ___ (be) a bird, I ___ (fly) away." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/cnFELvvs-n0

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 2nd conditional = ምናልባት ባይሆን። 'be' ሁሌ 'were' ነዉ — 'If I were…'

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Third Conditional — ቢሆን ኖሮ (ፀፀት)

📖 ትምህርት: ያለፈ ሁኔታን ቢቀይሩ ኖሮ ምን ይሆን ነበር ሲባል — ፀፀት ሲሰማ — ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: If + had + V3, would have + V3

✅ ምሳሌ: If I had studied, I would have passed.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "If they ___ (work) harder, they ___ (win)." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/cnFELvvs-n0

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: 3rd conditional = ፀፀት። If + had + V3, would have + V3።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Active to Passive — Present Simple

📖 ትምህርት: ባለቤቱ ሳይጠቀስ ድርጊቱ ላይ ትኩረት ሲሰጥ passive voice ይጠቅማል።

🧮 ቀመር: Object + is/am/are + V3 (by + Subject)

✅ ምሳሌ: Active: She teaches English. → Passive: English is taught by her.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "The students ___ English every day." — passive ን ጻፉ።

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/-L2j2n4_YMY

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: Present passive = is/am/are + V3። Subject object ሆኖ ይቀያየራል።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Active to Passive — Past Simple

📖 ትምህርት: ያለፈ ጊዜ passive voice was/were + V3 ነዉ።

🧮 ቀመር: Object + was/were + V3 (by + Subject)

✅ ምሳሌ: Active: He built the house. → Passive: The house was built by him.

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "The letter ___ (write) by Abebe yesterday." — ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/9OEU69SD0is

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: Past passive = was/were + V3። Singular → was። Plural → were።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Passive Voice — ሁሉም Tense ቀመሮቹ

📖 ትምህርት: ቀመሩ አንድ ነዉ — V to be + V3 — ጊዜዉ V to be ላይ ብቻ ይቀያየራል።

🧮 ቀመር: Object + [V to be in tense] + V3

✅ ምሳሌ: Present: is/are+V3 | Past: was/were+V3 | Future: will be+V3 | Perfect: have been+V3

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "The road ___ (build) next year." — future passive ምን ይሆናል?

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/9OEU69SD0is

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: ሁሉም passive ዉስጥ V3 ተመሳሳይ ነዉ። ጊዜዉን V to be ላይ ብቻ ቀይሩ!

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 TODAY'S LESSON: Direct vs Indirect Speech

📖 ትምህርት: Direct = ንግግሩ ቀጥታ ሲጠቀስ። Indirect = ንግግሩ ተቀይሮ ሲቀርብ።

🧮 ቀመር: He said, "I am tired." → He said (that) he was tired.

✅ ሚቀየሩት: am→was | will→would | can→could | today→that day | tomorrow→the next day

📝 የቀን ጥያቄ: "She said, 'I will come tomorrow.'" — indirect ን ጻፉ።

🔗 ቪድዮ ለመመልከት: https://youtu.be/zDYKOtsIZLQ

💡 አጭር ማጠቃለያ: Reporting verb ያለፈ ጊዜ ላይ ከሆነ ቃሉ ወደ ያለፈ ጊዜ ይቀያየራል — backshift ይባላል።

​"Backshift" ማለት አንድ ሰው ቀጥታ (Direct) የተናገረውን ንግግር ወደ ተዘዋዋሪ (Indirect) ስንቀይር፣ የተጠቀመበትን ግሥ (Verb) ወደ የኋላ ጊዜ መመለስ ማለት ነው።

​ለምን? ምክንያቱም ንግግሩ የተደረገው ባለፈ ጊዜ (Past) እስከሆነ፣ ያንን ንግግር ስናወራው የግሡ ጊዜም አብሮ ወደ ኋላ መመለስ አለበት።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Past Continuous — ሲሆን የነበረ*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ያለፈ ጊዜ ላይ ሌላ ነገር ሲሆን እየሆነ የነበረ ድርጊትን ያሳያል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Subject + was/were + V1+ing`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* She *was studying* when he called. / They *were playing* when it rained.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "I ___ (sleep) when the phone rang." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/c97lJ0vhUNA

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 'while, when' ካሉ ብዙ ጊዜ past continuous ነዉ። was/were + V1+ing።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Present Perfect — ጊዜ ሳይጠቀስ ያለፈ*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ጊዜ ሳይጠቀስ ያለፈ ልምድ ወይም ጊዜዉ ያልተጠቀሰ ድርጊት ለማሳየት።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Subject + have/has + V3`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* I *have visited* Lalibela. / She *has finished* her homework already.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "They ___ (eat) injera before." have ወይስ has?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/r-nXpW740ZM

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 'just, already, yet, ever, never, since, for' ካሉ present perfect ነዉ። have/has + V3።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Past Perfect — ከሌላ ያለፈ ድርጊት ቀደም ያለ*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ሁለት ያለፉ ድርጊቶች ሲኖሩ የቀደመዉን ለማሳየት had + V3 ይጠቅማል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Subject + had + V3`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* She *had studied* before the exam started. / By the time he arrived, they *had left*.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "When I arrived, she ___ (already, finish) cooking." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/0nZaBirXayY

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 'before, by the time, when, already' ካሉ past perfect ሊሆን ይችላል። had + V3 ነዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Future Perfect — ወደፊት ያልቃል*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ወደፊት አንድ ጊዜ ላይ ሌላ ነገር ከመሆኑ በፊት ያልቃል ብሎ ሲጠቀስ ይጠቅማል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Subject + will + have + V3`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* By Friday, she *will have finished* the project. / By 2030, they *will have built* the road.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "By tomorrow, I ___ (study) 10 chapters." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/cbj8viIbRs8

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 'by tomorrow, by next week, by the time' ካሉ future perfect ሊሆን ይችላል።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Zero Conditional — ሁልጊዜ እዉነት*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ሁልጊዜ እዉነት የሆኑ ነገሮችን፣ ሳይንሳዊ እዉነታዎችን ለማሳየት።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `If + V1, V1`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* If you *heat* water to 100°C, it *boils*. / If it *rains*, the ground *gets* wet.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "If you ___ (mix) blue and yellow, you ___ (get) green." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/w6Qxy9K6NFg

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* Zero conditional = ሁልጊዜ እዉነት ሳይንስ/ተፈጥሮ። ሁለቱም ክፍሎች V1 ናቸዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
@YWTutorial

📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: 1st Conditional — ሊሆን ይችላል*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ሊሆን የሚችሉ ወደፊት ሁኔታዎችን ለማሳየት። ተስፋ ወይም ዛቻ ሊሆን ይችላል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `If + V1, will + V1`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* If you *study* hard, you *will pass*. / If it *rains*, I *will stay* home.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "If she ___ (call), I ___ (answer)." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/w6Qxy9K6NFg

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 1st conditional = ሊሆን ይችላል። If + present simple, will + V1 ነዉ።

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📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: 2nd Conditional — ምናልባት ባይሆንም*

📖 *ትምህርት:* የማይሆን ወይም ምናልባት ቢሆን ብሎ ሲጠቀስ ይጠቅማል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `If + V2 (were for all), would + V1`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* If I *were* rich, I *would help* everyone. / If she *studied*, she *would pass*.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "If I ___ (be) a bird, I ___ (fly) to Addis." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/cnFELvvs-n0

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 2nd conditional = ምናልባት ባይሆን። If + were/V2, would + V1 ነዉ። 'be' ሁሌ 'were' ነዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: 3rd Conditional — ቢሆን ኖሮ (ፀፀት)*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ያለፈ ሁኔታን ቢቀይሩ ኖሮ ምን ይሆን ነበር ብሎ ሲፀፀቱ ይጠቅማል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `If + had + V3, would have + V3`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* If I *had studied*, I *would have passed*. / If she *had called*, I *would have answered*.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "If they ___ (work) harder, they ___ (win) the match." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/cnFELvvs-n0

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* 3rd conditional = ቢሆን ኖሮ (ፀፀት)። If + had + V3, would have + V3 ነዉ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Active to Passive — Present Simple*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ባለቤቱ ሳይጠቀስ ድርጊቱ ላይ ትኩረት ሲሰጥ passive voice ይጠቅማል።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Object + is/am/are + V3 (by + Subject)`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* Active: She *teaches* English. → Passive: English *is taught* by her.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "The students ___ (teach) English every day." — passive ን ተጠቀሙ።

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/-L2j2n4_YMY

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* Present passive = is/am/are + V3። Subject ሁልጊዜ object ሆኖ ይቀያየራል።

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📌 *TODAY'S LESSON: Active to Passive — Past Simple*

📖 *ትምህርት:* ያለፈ ጊዜ passive voice ስናደርግ was/were + V3 ነዉ።

🧮 *ቀመር:* `Object + was/were + V3 (by + Subject)`

✅ *ምሳሌ:* Active: He *built* the house. → Passive: The house *was built* by him.

📝 *የቀን ጥያቄ:* "The letter ___ (write) by Abebe yesterday." ምን ይሞላሉ?

🔗 *ቪድዮ ለመመልከት:* https://youtu.be/9OEU69SD0is

💡 *አጭር ማጠቃለያ:* Past passive = was/were + V3። ባለቤቱ ብዙ ከሆነ 'were'፣ ነጠላ ከሆነ 'was' ይጠቀሙ።

📞 ለግል አሰልጣኝ: +251 938 587 508 | @committed12
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