*A bit about Dukkha Samudaya Arya Sathya* The causes for Jathi (Birth), Jara (Decaying of body), Marana (Death) and etc... are elaborated in this second Noble Truth by the Buddha. Suffering or sadness is not a factor which is occurring automatically nor it is a factor created or caused by a god. It is factor caused by a collection of reasons. The main reasons are explained in Dukkha Samudaya Arya Sathya which is discussed now. A plant which is growing from it's stem, although if it gets it's roots damaged or gets cut from it's stem it can and would eventually grow again and again. Similar to that as long as craving is present suffering and sorrow appears again and again. Sadnesses like Jara (Decaying of body) and Vyadhi (getting sick) is caused due to Jathi which is Birth. If not getting reborn no any sadness like Jara (decaying of body), Marana (death) and etc... would occur. We are born again and again in a samsara due to craving (Tanha). Getting born again and again leads to different sufferings and sorrow due to attachment and craving on both living and non-living material and sensual pleasures. So, Craving is mentioned as the true cause for suffering and sadness in Buddhism. There are 06 types of Tanhas occurring in our physical and mental body. They are, ⭐️Rupa Tanha — Craving for liked and appreciated vision and pictures by the person ⭐️Sadda Tanha — Craving for liked and appreciated sounds by the person ⭐️Ganda Tanha — Craving for liked and appreciated smells by the person ⭐️Rasa Tanha — Craving for liked and appreciated tastes by the person ⭐️Potdabba Tanha — Craving for liked and appreciated comforts to the skin and the rest of the body by the person

⭐️Dhamma Tanha — Liking for different superstitious ideas present in the mind which is not trapped by the five senses by the person. In simple all of the cravings occurring in our physical and mental body are known as causes as for suffering and sadness is because when craving and liking to these by the mind it makes the person either to do bad or good actions, making him/her receive them again and again and if he/she doesn't receive them it would give him/her mental or physical pain which is more common as suffering and sadness.

Eg : If a person is addicted and craves to alcohol or harmful drugs he/she may even do evil actions such as stealing or a killing to gain the money to buy them again and again when he/she runs out of money to spend on them, causing suffering and pain for others or if he/she can't obtain the drug or alcohol it would make him/her to receive pain mentally or physically (suffering) — This type can be known as craving for liked and appreciated tastes by the person.

🎇*Kāma Tanhā*
In kāma lōka, all five physical sense faculties are present. Getting attached to anything via the five sense faculties is kāma taṇhā.
Furthermore, attachment arising from the desire to enjoy taste, smell, and body touch are exclusively restricted to the kāma lōka. Those three require a “solid body” as we can imagine.
In the rūpa lōkas, living beings do not have “solid bodies.” Yet, they can see and hear without having physical eyes or ears.
Therefore, in rūpa lōkas, taṇhā arise only due to sights and sounds. Thus an Anāgami, who will be born in a rūpa lōka has some rūpa taṇhā and sadda taṇhā because he/she may like to see a Buddha statue or listen to a discourse. 🎇*Bhava Tanhā*
Bhava taṇhā arises from attachment to “any existence.” Thus bhava taṇhā is present in kāma lōka, rūpa lōka, and arūpa lōka.
Even in the kāma lōka, there may be people who do not enjoy the “kāma” or sense pleasures; but they still want to live a quiet, peaceful life. They mostly have bhava taṇhā. They may like to be in a secluded place, cultivating jhāna; that is their desired “bhava.” If they develop jhānā, they will be born in rūpa lōka or arūpa lōka due to their new “gati.”
There are other subtle forms of “bhava” too. Some like to become famous, earn a title, to get a high-profile job or a responsibility, etc. These are not associated with sensual pleasures and are also due to bhava taṇhā.

🎇*Vibhava Tanhā*
Vibhava taṇhā arises from the wrong view of materialism. One believes that one ceases to exist at death. One believes that the mind is a byproduct of the body (brain). And thus, when the body dies, that is the end of the story.
❇️Therefore one believes that one needs to enjoy the pleasures of this life before dying. Such a person would normally have kāma taṇhā as well.
❇️It is easy to have vibhava taṇhā in modern society. That is especially true if one has not heard about the Buddha’s message about a more complex world with 31 realms and a rebirth process. Our human sensory faculties cannot access such “hidden” aspects of this world.
❇️It takes an effort to verify that indeed, the more comprehensive world view is needed to EXPLAIN all that we can experience; see, “Vagaries of Life and the Way to Seek “Good Rebirths.”
❇️Many immoral acts are done with uccēda diṭṭhi (or materialism or nihilism) because one believes that everything in this world is for one’s enjoyment.
❇️Even though it is evident that animals cry with pain when being killed, that is not of any consequences in their minds. The logic is that If this birth is the one and the last, there is no possibility that one could face the same fate in the future.

Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā,
manoseṭṭhā manomayā;
Manasā ce paduṭṭhena,
bhāsati vā karoti vā;
Tato naṃ dukkhamanveti,
cakkaṃva vahato padaṃ.

Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā,
manoseṭṭhā manomayā;
Manasā ce pasannena,
bhāsati vā karoti vā;
Tato naṃ sukhamanveti,
chāyāva anapāyinī.

Mind precedes all mental states. Mind is their chief; they are all mind-wrought. If with an impure mind a person speaks or acts suffering follows him like the wheel that follows the foot of the ox.

Mind precedes all mental states. Mind is their chief; they are all mind-wrought. If with a pure mind a person speaks or acts happiness follows him like his never-departing shadow.

🌸 Dhammapada 1-2 🌸

"In this world everything changes except good deeds and bad deeds; these follow you as the shadow follows the body."

—Bhikkhu Bodhi

"The ego's job is to trick 'you' out of touch with reality."

—Byron Katie

Nahiverena verani — sammanti' dha kudacancam Averenacasammanti — esa dhammo sanantano *Hatred never cease through hatred in this world ; through love [Avera — Loving kindness (Metta) ] alone they cease. This is an eternal law* 🌸 Dhammapada yamaka vagga 5 🌸