WHY are clouds white at night?
A cloud is a collection of water droplets and ice crystals with no color and only partially diffuse light hitting them.
At night, low clouds appear whiter than the sky when the city lights are high.
In contrast, in a dark area, clouds obscure the faint glow of the night sky and appear black.
A cloud is a collection of water droplets and ice crystals with no color and only partially diffuse light hitting them.
At night, low clouds appear whiter than the sky when the city lights are high.
In contrast, in a dark area, clouds obscure the faint glow of the night sky and appear black.
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WHY are there no thunderstorms or lightning in winter?
In order for a thundercloud to form, warm, moist air rises. Humidity increases as the temperature goes up.
All the particles of precipitation: rain, hail, are electrically charged. When they gather in large numbers, this charge increases.
Wet summer air has a greater conductivity of electricity, and the discharge of the potential difference is accompanied by thunder and lightning.
In order for a thundercloud to form, warm, moist air rises. Humidity increases as the temperature goes up.
All the particles of precipitation: rain, hail, are electrically charged. When they gather in large numbers, this charge increases.
Wet summer air has a greater conductivity of electricity, and the discharge of the potential difference is accompanied by thunder and lightning.
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WHY do girls blink twice as often as guys?
📌 And it's true, there is a long-standing proven fact by scientists that women blink twice as often.
It is based on the fact that women's nervous system is more impulsive than men's, it also affects blinking.
A long look at the opponent is a proof of dominance, while frequent blinking is vice versa. In addition, emotional details play an important role.
📌 And it's true, there is a long-standing proven fact by scientists that women blink twice as often.
It is based on the fact that women's nervous system is more impulsive than men's, it also affects blinking.
A long look at the opponent is a proof of dominance, while frequent blinking is vice versa. In addition, emotional details play an important role.
WHY do we drink tequila with salt and lemon?
Before drinking tequila, one should lick the salt, then drink the liquor and snack on a slice of lime.
No other liquor is drunk in this way❗
The reason for this ritual is that the salt and lime change the distinctive taste and smell of tequila and emphasize its original flavor.
Before drinking tequila, one should lick the salt, then drink the liquor and snack on a slice of lime.
No other liquor is drunk in this way❗
The reason for this ritual is that the salt and lime change the distinctive taste and smell of tequila and emphasize its original flavor.
WHY does the wind blow up a fire, but not a match?
Burning wood begins with gasification (evaporation of combustibles by high temperature). In the case of a match, the flame provides the heat. However, the wind takes away the heat, and the match goes out.
A fire is kept burning by coals. The gasification of wood in them occurs in the inner layers when there is a lack of oxygen. The wind replenishes it: the smoldering of coals accelerates, the heat release grows, and the fire is ignited.
Burning wood begins with gasification (evaporation of combustibles by high temperature). In the case of a match, the flame provides the heat. However, the wind takes away the heat, and the match goes out.
A fire is kept burning by coals. The gasification of wood in them occurs in the inner layers when there is a lack of oxygen. The wind replenishes it: the smoldering of coals accelerates, the heat release grows, and the fire is ignited.
WHY do stars twinkle? 🌌
The cause of flickering is the Earth's atmosphere, through which star rays must pass before reaching the eye. Starlight in this case has to penetrate not a homogeneous medium, but gas layers of different temperature, different density, and therefore different refractivity.
Light rays undergo numerous deviations from the straight path, now concentrating, now scattering. Hence the frequent changes in the brightness of the star. And since refraction is accompanied by color scattering, along with fluctuations in brightness, changes in coloration are observed.
The cause of flickering is the Earth's atmosphere, through which star rays must pass before reaching the eye. Starlight in this case has to penetrate not a homogeneous medium, but gas layers of different temperature, different density, and therefore different refractivity.
Light rays undergo numerous deviations from the straight path, now concentrating, now scattering. Hence the frequent changes in the brightness of the star. And since refraction is accompanied by color scattering, along with fluctuations in brightness, changes in coloration are observed.
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WHY do bears hibernate?
Hibernating in a den helps bears survive the hungry winter season.
When a bear hibernates, it barely moves. At the same time, its body temperature drops to 30° C and the functioning of the heart and lungs slows down. Such a state of the body contributes to the economical use of the fat accumulated before hibernation.
The bear does not suck its paw because it wants to eat. It does this to moisten its dry feet and to chew off keratinized and coarsened skin.
Hibernating in a den helps bears survive the hungry winter season.
When a bear hibernates, it barely moves. At the same time, its body temperature drops to 30° C and the functioning of the heart and lungs slows down. Such a state of the body contributes to the economical use of the fat accumulated before hibernation.
The bear does not suck its paw because it wants to eat. It does this to moisten its dry feet and to chew off keratinized and coarsened skin.
WHY does fire come in various colors? 🔥
The color of a fire is mainly determined by the temperature of the flame and what chemicals are burned in it.
The high temperature of the flame allows the atoms to jump to a higher energy state for a while.
When the atoms return to their original state, they emit light at a certain wavelength.
The color of a fire is mainly determined by the temperature of the flame and what chemicals are burned in it.
The high temperature of the flame allows the atoms to jump to a higher energy state for a while.
When the atoms return to their original state, they emit light at a certain wavelength.
WHY does a bruise appear and changes its color?
When a bump or bruise occurs, the capillaries are damaged. Blood flows from them into the surrounding soft tissues under the skin. Blood contains plenty of hemoglobin, giving it that bright red color.
White blood cells arrive at the site of the injury. They surround the site of the hemorrhage and begin to destroy the blood cells.
Destruction of hemoglobin produces decomposition products — biliverdin (green bile pigment) and bilirubin (yellow-red bile pigment).
When a bump or bruise occurs, the capillaries are damaged. Blood flows from them into the surrounding soft tissues under the skin. Blood contains plenty of hemoglobin, giving it that bright red color.
White blood cells arrive at the site of the injury. They surround the site of the hemorrhage and begin to destroy the blood cells.
Destruction of hemoglobin produces decomposition products — biliverdin (green bile pigment) and bilirubin (yellow-red bile pigment).
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WHY is a rainbow shaped like an arc?
A rainbow is an optical phenomenon, the result of the light rays refracting in water droplets when it rains 🌈
Not everyone is aware that a rainbow is a circle. Its center lies on a straight line that runs from the Sun through the observer. Seeing the optical phenomenon completely to a person standing on the ground is prevented by the horizon.
A rainbow is an optical phenomenon, the result of the light rays refracting in water droplets when it rains 🌈
Not everyone is aware that a rainbow is a circle. Its center lies on a straight line that runs from the Sun through the observer. Seeing the optical phenomenon completely to a person standing on the ground is prevented by the horizon.
WHY do volcanoes erupt?
A volcano erupts due to the degassing of magma.
Magma is a thick mass of molten rock with gases and water vapor. It accumulates in what are called magma pockets, which form as a result of the movement of lithospheric plates. They are most likely to be located along the collision line of the plates.
If liquid magma erupts to the Earth's surface, a volcanic eruption begins. Frequently, a volcanic eruption is accompanied by powerful explosions; these are caused by the degassing of magma and the explosion of combustible gases.
A volcano erupts due to the degassing of magma.
Magma is a thick mass of molten rock with gases and water vapor. It accumulates in what are called magma pockets, which form as a result of the movement of lithospheric plates. They are most likely to be located along the collision line of the plates.
If liquid magma erupts to the Earth's surface, a volcanic eruption begins. Frequently, a volcanic eruption is accompanied by powerful explosions; these are caused by the degassing of magma and the explosion of combustible gases.
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WHY does stomach rumble? 🐳
When the stomach is empty, gastric juice and gastric gases along with air move in the stomach cavity and interact with each other, resulting in a rumbling sound.
Why is there no such sound when the stomach is not empty? Cause food dampens it by pressing the contents of the stomach against its walls.
Frequent heavy rumbling in the stomach can be a sign of dysbacteriosis. While the rumbling of an empty stomach can be "soothed" by simply eating, dysbacteriosis must be treated.
When the stomach is empty, gastric juice and gastric gases along with air move in the stomach cavity and interact with each other, resulting in a rumbling sound.
Why is there no such sound when the stomach is not empty? Cause food dampens it by pressing the contents of the stomach against its walls.
Frequent heavy rumbling in the stomach can be a sign of dysbacteriosis. While the rumbling of an empty stomach can be "soothed" by simply eating, dysbacteriosis must be treated.
WHY does a person hiccup?
Hiccups are the result of regular ("pulsating") activity of the diaphragm nerve, which causes the diaphragm to contract in powerful and violent movements.
The bottleneck of the diaphragm is the center of the hiccups. When you eat in a hurry, when quite large pieces of food pass through the esophagus, the vagus nerve is injured: it is pressed and irritated.
The sound that occurs is the result of a sharp closure of the vocal cleft.
Hiccups are the result of regular ("pulsating") activity of the diaphragm nerve, which causes the diaphragm to contract in powerful and violent movements.
The bottleneck of the diaphragm is the center of the hiccups. When you eat in a hurry, when quite large pieces of food pass through the esophagus, the vagus nerve is injured: it is pressed and irritated.
The sound that occurs is the result of a sharp closure of the vocal cleft.
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WHY do we shiver when cold?
Shivering is the body's defensive response to a drop in body temperature.
When the temperature drops, biochemical reactions slow down, and the lower the temperature, the more likely they are to stop altogether.
The skeletal muscles of any warm-blooded animal, contracting, produce a certain amount of work, which results in the release of heat. Shivering allows us to correlate the expenditure of energy and the heat received.
Shivering is the body's defensive response to a drop in body temperature.
When the temperature drops, biochemical reactions slow down, and the lower the temperature, the more likely they are to stop altogether.
The skeletal muscles of any warm-blooded animal, contracting, produce a certain amount of work, which results in the release of heat. Shivering allows us to correlate the expenditure of energy and the heat received.
WHY do people turn gray?
Melanocytes, located in the hair follicle, are responsible for hair color. They synthesize hair pigments, and their combination determines hair color. Indeed, melanocytes themselves are formed from stem cells.
As we age, the hair follicles wear down. This is manifested by a decrease in the number of melanocytes in the hair follicles, as well as a decrease in the activity of the remaining melanocytes.
Melanocytes, located in the hair follicle, are responsible for hair color. They synthesize hair pigments, and their combination determines hair color. Indeed, melanocytes themselves are formed from stem cells.
As we age, the hair follicles wear down. This is manifested by a decrease in the number of melanocytes in the hair follicles, as well as a decrease in the activity of the remaining melanocytes.
WHY doesn't a lizard cherish its tail?
The process of tail dropping is completely regulated by the brain, not a reflex. When threatened, the muscles and ligaments in the immediate area contract, tear, and the tail separates.
However, this is stressful for the lizard. Without the tail, it is no longer as fast, may lose the ability to reproduce, runs and climbs poorly due to the lack of a "rudder".
Indeed, most importantly, many lizards tail serves to store fat and nutrients, which means that all their energy is concentrated in the tail. Therefore, after its detachment, the animal may die of exhaustion.
The process of tail dropping is completely regulated by the brain, not a reflex. When threatened, the muscles and ligaments in the immediate area contract, tear, and the tail separates.
However, this is stressful for the lizard. Without the tail, it is no longer as fast, may lose the ability to reproduce, runs and climbs poorly due to the lack of a "rudder".
Indeed, most importantly, many lizards tail serves to store fat and nutrients, which means that all their energy is concentrated in the tail. Therefore, after its detachment, the animal may die of exhaustion.
WHY does the orchestra conductor shake hands with the first violinist in concerts?
He does so primarily for the reason that the first violinist is the orchestra's tuning fork, the realization of the conductor's intent.
Interesting fact: Beethoven, recognizing the talent of Ludwig Spohr, invited him to be first violin in the famous musical ensemble in which he himself conducted. It was a tribute that endures to this day.
He does so primarily for the reason that the first violinist is the orchestra's tuning fork, the realization of the conductor's intent.
Interesting fact: Beethoven, recognizing the talent of Ludwig Spohr, invited him to be first violin in the famous musical ensemble in which he himself conducted. It was a tribute that endures to this day.
WHY do bees make honey?
Honey is vital to bee nutrition, especially in the winter.
To make honey, bees collect nectar from flowers. Since nectar contains a lot of water, bees have to work hard to dry it out. Also, bees add enzymes from their own bodies to the honey to turn the nectar into food and keep it from spoiling.
Honey is stored in the honeycomb for maturation. During ripening, the young bees transfer nectar from one cell to another several times, each time adding their own saliva. This honey is used as food by the bees as needed.
Honey is vital to bee nutrition, especially in the winter.
To make honey, bees collect nectar from flowers. Since nectar contains a lot of water, bees have to work hard to dry it out. Also, bees add enzymes from their own bodies to the honey to turn the nectar into food and keep it from spoiling.
Honey is stored in the honeycomb for maturation. During ripening, the young bees transfer nectar from one cell to another several times, each time adding their own saliva. This honey is used as food by the bees as needed.
WHY are sea currents affecting the weather?
The World Ocean plays a special role in creating the climate. Huge amounts of water accumulate here. Evaporation, heating and cooling have a permanent effect on cloudiness and winds.
Another important fact to consider is that the water of the oceans and seas is in constant motion: the upper and lower layers mix, strong currents move cold or warm water over vast distances, affecting the nature of the weather.
The World Ocean plays a special role in creating the climate. Huge amounts of water accumulate here. Evaporation, heating and cooling have a permanent effect on cloudiness and winds.
Another important fact to consider is that the water of the oceans and seas is in constant motion: the upper and lower layers mix, strong currents move cold or warm water over vast distances, affecting the nature of the weather.
WHY do amphibians not live in salt water?
Since amphibians' lungs do not fully supply them with oxygen, skin respiration, which requires a moist, thin skin, plays a major role.
Amphibians are highly sensitive to the absence of table salt in soil and water, which is specifically detrimental to the development of their eggs and larvae.
The concentration of salt in the skin cells of amphibians is less than in seawater.
And if an amphibian gets into seawater, then water from the skin cells will begin to flow out freely, as their skin is extremely permeable to water.
Since amphibians' lungs do not fully supply them with oxygen, skin respiration, which requires a moist, thin skin, plays a major role.
Amphibians are highly sensitive to the absence of table salt in soil and water, which is specifically detrimental to the development of their eggs and larvae.
The concentration of salt in the skin cells of amphibians is less than in seawater.
And if an amphibian gets into seawater, then water from the skin cells will begin to flow out freely, as their skin is extremely permeable to water.
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WHY do ozone holes appear?
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere about 25 kilometers above the Earth's surface. It protects our planet from the most active cosmic rays, which would kill all life on the planet without it.
Ozone holes are places where the layer is depleted. Nevertheless, more intense ultraviolet rays reach the planet through these gaps.
Again, humans are to blame for the ozone holes. By producing large quantities of chemicals, primarily chlorinated and fluorinated hydrocarbons that can slowly destroy ozone as they rise into the atmosphere.
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere about 25 kilometers above the Earth's surface. It protects our planet from the most active cosmic rays, which would kill all life on the planet without it.
Ozone holes are places where the layer is depleted. Nevertheless, more intense ultraviolet rays reach the planet through these gaps.
Again, humans are to blame for the ozone holes. By producing large quantities of chemicals, primarily chlorinated and fluorinated hydrocarbons that can slowly destroy ozone as they rise into the atmosphere.