WHY might cold food or drinks cause a headache?
The reason is that cold irritates the upper palate, responsible for the nerve nodes transmitting sensations to the brain.
The blood vessels respond to cold by constricting or expanding, resulting in pain. When you feel cold, your body sends warm blood to the cold spot, which causes pain.
The reason is that cold irritates the upper palate, responsible for the nerve nodes transmitting sensations to the brain.
The blood vessels respond to cold by constricting or expanding, resulting in pain. When you feel cold, your body sends warm blood to the cold spot, which causes pain.
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WHY did women start wearing high heels?
As it turns out, the first to wear high heels were not women, but men.
They were the most comfortable shoes for riders as it allowed them to fix the rider in the stirrups. Catherine de Medici, the wife of the Duke of Orleans, was the first woman to wear heels.
She wished to emphasize her high status and for this very purpose she demanded high heels to be made for herself.
As it turns out, the first to wear high heels were not women, but men.
They were the most comfortable shoes for riders as it allowed them to fix the rider in the stirrups. Catherine de Medici, the wife of the Duke of Orleans, was the first woman to wear heels.
She wished to emphasize her high status and for this very purpose she demanded high heels to be made for herself.
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WHY is WEB 3.0 our future?
The term "Web 3" was coined by Polkadot founder and Ethereum co-founder Gavin Wood back in 2014. Yet the idea only became popular in late 2021, mostly due to interest from investors in cryptocurrency and high-grade technology.
Right now, the Internet used by many of us is all controlled by a few big players. Centralization is now affecting the entire Web.
The idea behind WEB 3.0 is to decentralize the online ecosystem of the future based on blockchain.
One prime example of a decentralized system is TON Sites, which are currently in development. They will be similar to ordinary websites, but accessed via the TON blockchain.
The term "Web 3" was coined by Polkadot founder and Ethereum co-founder Gavin Wood back in 2014. Yet the idea only became popular in late 2021, mostly due to interest from investors in cryptocurrency and high-grade technology.
Right now, the Internet used by many of us is all controlled by a few big players. Centralization is now affecting the entire Web.
The idea behind WEB 3.0 is to decentralize the online ecosystem of the future based on blockchain.
One prime example of a decentralized system is TON Sites, which are currently in development. They will be similar to ordinary websites, but accessed via the TON blockchain.
WHY don't monkeys sound like humans?
Scientists have discovered that the closest human relatives, chimpanzees, cannot speak due to the fact that their analog of the speech gene, inherited from our species through a common ancestor, has evolved in a completely dissimilar way from humans.
So far, it has not been fully clarified exactly which genes are involved in speech, but it is believed that the FOXP2 gene plays a key role, since mutations and disorders in its operation in humans are generally accompanied by impaired verbal ability.
However, it has been determined that the human FOXP2, and monkeys are not only different in appearance, but also have distinct functions, causing various effects on the work of the same genes, which is why monkeys can not speak.
Scientists have discovered that the closest human relatives, chimpanzees, cannot speak due to the fact that their analog of the speech gene, inherited from our species through a common ancestor, has evolved in a completely dissimilar way from humans.
So far, it has not been fully clarified exactly which genes are involved in speech, but it is believed that the FOXP2 gene plays a key role, since mutations and disorders in its operation in humans are generally accompanied by impaired verbal ability.
However, it has been determined that the human FOXP2, and monkeys are not only different in appearance, but also have distinct functions, causing various effects on the work of the same genes, which is why monkeys can not speak.
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WHY are snowflakes hexagonal?
It is the orientation of the molecules in the lattice and the arrangement of the free hydrogen bonds, both of which favor the formation of even faces.
Water vapor molecules are more likely to fill voids than to stick to smooth edges, as voids contain more free hydrogen bonds. As a result, the snowflakes take the form of regular hexagonal prisms with even edges.
It is the orientation of the molecules in the lattice and the arrangement of the free hydrogen bonds, both of which favor the formation of even faces.
Water vapor molecules are more likely to fill voids than to stick to smooth edges, as voids contain more free hydrogen bonds. As a result, the snowflakes take the form of regular hexagonal prisms with even edges.
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WHY does the song stick in your head?
"Earworm" is what scientists call songs stuck in your head.
Absolutely any tune may be stuck there, but, as scientists found out in surveys and studies, numerous songs share a common characteristic. It turns out that intrusive compositions are characterized by fast tempo and sharp changes in pitch. Songwriters do their best to make the music as catchy and easy to play as possible.
Songs tend to stick after repeated listening: say, if the song is repeatedly played on the radio or TV. Besides, if you have heard the song dozens of times, you have probably managed to create associations, so the likelihood of it becoming your "earworm" increases. Then the "trigger" can be anything: a place, a person, food, or even a smell.
"Earworm" is what scientists call songs stuck in your head.
Absolutely any tune may be stuck there, but, as scientists found out in surveys and studies, numerous songs share a common characteristic. It turns out that intrusive compositions are characterized by fast tempo and sharp changes in pitch. Songwriters do their best to make the music as catchy and easy to play as possible.
Songs tend to stick after repeated listening: say, if the song is repeatedly played on the radio or TV. Besides, if you have heard the song dozens of times, you have probably managed to create associations, so the likelihood of it becoming your "earworm" increases. Then the "trigger" can be anything: a place, a person, food, or even a smell.
WHY is fresh water boiling faster?
Regular fresh water boils at 100 °C, but in a salt solution the boiling point will depend on the concentration of salt. The increase in temperature is directly proportional to the amount of substance dissolved.
Thus, at 1% salt, a solution boils at 100.21°C, 15% boils at 103°C, and a 20% solution of table salt will boil at 105°C. Any liquid comes to boil at the temperature at which the pressure of its saturated vapor reaches the value of the external pressure.
During the boiling of fresh water, the vaporization process begins more quickly, and a liquid with dissolved salts requires more energy to boil.
Regular fresh water boils at 100 °C, but in a salt solution the boiling point will depend on the concentration of salt. The increase in temperature is directly proportional to the amount of substance dissolved.
Thus, at 1% salt, a solution boils at 100.21°C, 15% boils at 103°C, and a 20% solution of table salt will boil at 105°C. Any liquid comes to boil at the temperature at which the pressure of its saturated vapor reaches the value of the external pressure.
During the boiling of fresh water, the vaporization process begins more quickly, and a liquid with dissolved salts requires more energy to boil.
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WHY do stars fall?
Actually, what we perceive as shooting stars are just small fragments from the asteroids filling our orbit.
Due to the friction of a fast-flying body against the surrounding layers of atmosphere consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases. Bodies can either fall directly on Earth or fly past so close as to enter Earth's atmosphere.
In the second case, the body is capable of leaving the Earth's atmosphere and carrying on its journey, while losing some of its mass through combustion. In the first case, if the body fails to burn up completely and reach the Earth's surface, it will be called a meteorite.
Actually, what we perceive as shooting stars are just small fragments from the asteroids filling our orbit.
Due to the friction of a fast-flying body against the surrounding layers of atmosphere consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases. Bodies can either fall directly on Earth or fly past so close as to enter Earth's atmosphere.
In the second case, the body is capable of leaving the Earth's atmosphere and carrying on its journey, while losing some of its mass through combustion. In the first case, if the body fails to burn up completely and reach the Earth's surface, it will be called a meteorite.
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WHY are potatoes called the second bread?
Potatoes are quite a filling product.
As an example, 200-250 grams of potatoes can easily replace lunch and satiate a person for 3-4 hours.
Potatoes contain almost all the amino acids required by the human body.
Potatoes also are rich in potassium, which helps remove excess water from our bodies.
Potatoes are quite a filling product.
As an example, 200-250 grams of potatoes can easily replace lunch and satiate a person for 3-4 hours.
Potatoes contain almost all the amino acids required by the human body.
Potatoes also are rich in potassium, which helps remove excess water from our bodies.
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WHY is hot water freezing faster than cold one?
Hot water evaporates faster, thereby reducing its volume, and a smaller volume of water at the same temperature freezes faster. In sealed containers, cold water should freeze faster.
Since cold water first freezes at the top, covering with a thin film, which prevents the further process of freezing, boiled water, on the contrary, starts to freeze from the inside. Also consider that with additional mechanical stirring of water in the containers, cold water should freeze faster.
The presence of a large number of crystals in boiled water. Since there are several times more crystals in such water than in ordinary water, hot water freezes many times faster.
Hot water evaporates faster, thereby reducing its volume, and a smaller volume of water at the same temperature freezes faster. In sealed containers, cold water should freeze faster.
Since cold water first freezes at the top, covering with a thin film, which prevents the further process of freezing, boiled water, on the contrary, starts to freeze from the inside. Also consider that with additional mechanical stirring of water in the containers, cold water should freeze faster.
The presence of a large number of crystals in boiled water. Since there are several times more crystals in such water than in ordinary water, hot water freezes many times faster.
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WHY should gasoline not be extinguished with water?
Combustion is the process of combining a substance with oxygen, and putting out any fire must limit or completely eliminate the flow of oxygen from the atmosphere to the burning material.
If you put out some kind of fire, a plastic box, or a burning shed, water would envelop the burning material, wetting it, and simultaneously lowering the temperature of that material.
Yet gasoline isn't mixed with water, and due to its smaller mass it is not enveloped or covered by it – it elementary, according to physics, floats up and keeps on burning. Besides, water and gasoline begin to spread out even more, which increases the area of combustion.
Combustion is the process of combining a substance with oxygen, and putting out any fire must limit or completely eliminate the flow of oxygen from the atmosphere to the burning material.
If you put out some kind of fire, a plastic box, or a burning shed, water would envelop the burning material, wetting it, and simultaneously lowering the temperature of that material.
Yet gasoline isn't mixed with water, and due to its smaller mass it is not enveloped or covered by it – it elementary, according to physics, floats up and keeps on burning. Besides, water and gasoline begin to spread out even more, which increases the area of combustion.
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WHY does the Earth rotate on its axis?
It has been scientifically proven that if you simply connect 2 equally positively or negatively charged magnets, they repel. Therefore, based on this theory, the opposite poles of the circular Earth are always equally charged, so it is as if they repel as far as possible in relation to each other. That's considered one of the obvious explanations for why the Earth revolves around its axis.
Our planet is not only elliptical, but also represented by a kind of inner core. The resulting magnetic field almost invariably causes it to push the planet only from west to east, resulting in a faster rotation of the core itself when compared to the rest of the planet.
It has been scientifically proven that if you simply connect 2 equally positively or negatively charged magnets, they repel. Therefore, based on this theory, the opposite poles of the circular Earth are always equally charged, so it is as if they repel as far as possible in relation to each other. That's considered one of the obvious explanations for why the Earth revolves around its axis.
Our planet is not only elliptical, but also represented by a kind of inner core. The resulting magnetic field almost invariably causes it to push the planet only from west to east, resulting in a faster rotation of the core itself when compared to the rest of the planet.
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WHY did pirates wear an eye patch?
The hypothesis is that pirates used the blindfold to adapt to the darkness. This way the eyes quickly adapt from nightlight to daylight.
Yet no evidence exists to support this theory, and opponents point out that deliberately closing one eye narrows the field of vision, and in combat it could cost a pirate his life.
The hypothesis is that pirates used the blindfold to adapt to the darkness. This way the eyes quickly adapt from nightlight to daylight.
Yet no evidence exists to support this theory, and opponents point out that deliberately closing one eye narrows the field of vision, and in combat it could cost a pirate his life.
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WHY does a cramp occur?
Cramps are especially common in the muscles of the foot, fingers and calves. Physiologically, a cramp is an abrupt contraction and spasm of muscles caused by circulatory disorders or physical exertion.
A frequent cause of a cramp may be an abortive movement or monotonous repetitive motion. Such cramps develop in people typing a lot on a PC or playing with a computer mouse, working on their feet, or exercising intensively.
Leg cramps are frequently caused by a lack of calcium and potassium salts in the body. This often occurs with intense exercise, taking diuretics, and dehydration.
Cramps are especially common in the muscles of the foot, fingers and calves. Physiologically, a cramp is an abrupt contraction and spasm of muscles caused by circulatory disorders or physical exertion.
A frequent cause of a cramp may be an abortive movement or monotonous repetitive motion. Such cramps develop in people typing a lot on a PC or playing with a computer mouse, working on their feet, or exercising intensively.
Leg cramps are frequently caused by a lack of calcium and potassium salts in the body. This often occurs with intense exercise, taking diuretics, and dehydration.
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WHY is it healthy to cry?
The truth is, crying is not only possible, but necessary. And there are plenty of various reasons for that:
✔️ Most people feel a little better and happier after crying. All accumulated emotions and tension are released.
✔️ Tears cleanse the body of harmful substances from stress. No coincidence, all these fluids have been created to get all the bad stuff out of us. Tears are part of the system. A vital and necessary part.
✔️ Cleaning the nose. Especially relevant when mucus has accumulated in the nose and is making it hard to breathe. No need for medicine when there are tears.
✔️ Interestingly, tears can even lower your blood pressure.
✔️ Cleaning the eyes themselves from bacteria and dust.
The truth is, crying is not only possible, but necessary. And there are plenty of various reasons for that:
✔️ Most people feel a little better and happier after crying. All accumulated emotions and tension are released.
✔️ Tears cleanse the body of harmful substances from stress. No coincidence, all these fluids have been created to get all the bad stuff out of us. Tears are part of the system. A vital and necessary part.
✔️ Cleaning the nose. Especially relevant when mucus has accumulated in the nose and is making it hard to breathe. No need for medicine when there are tears.
✔️ Interestingly, tears can even lower your blood pressure.
✔️ Cleaning the eyes themselves from bacteria and dust.
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WHY don't birds fall off the branches while sleeping?
Most animals relax their muscles during sleep. With birds, it's different.
The tighter the muscles in birds, the stronger and healthier their sleep. During sleep, the muscles are in such a state that the feathered birds cannot straighten their legs. The fingers tightly grasp a twig or a perch and turn into a strong lock, which will open only after waking up.
By the way, some birds sleep standing up. And even in the water. Flamingos and herons like to doze in this way. It is believed that they press up one leg to keep warmth and body temperature. Storks can sleep right during their flight (although they take turns doing it), and the dark tern sleeps in flight over the sea.
Most animals relax their muscles during sleep. With birds, it's different.
The tighter the muscles in birds, the stronger and healthier their sleep. During sleep, the muscles are in such a state that the feathered birds cannot straighten their legs. The fingers tightly grasp a twig or a perch and turn into a strong lock, which will open only after waking up.
By the way, some birds sleep standing up. And even in the water. Flamingos and herons like to doze in this way. It is believed that they press up one leg to keep warmth and body temperature. Storks can sleep right during their flight (although they take turns doing it), and the dark tern sleeps in flight over the sea.
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WHY shouldn't we eat snow?
As some studies indicate, snow is really dirty! Even snow that hasn't yet touched the ground. That's due to the fact that snowflakes absorb car exhaust fumes. Moreover, for the experiments, even the snow that lies far outside the city was taken. Elements of carbon black and dirt were also found there.
From a broader perspective, snow also poses another danger. If you eat too much of it (which sometimes happens when you are thirsty and there is no water nearby), you can easily freeze your lips, lower your body temperature (hypothermia) and even get dehydrated.
As some studies indicate, snow is really dirty! Even snow that hasn't yet touched the ground. That's due to the fact that snowflakes absorb car exhaust fumes. Moreover, for the experiments, even the snow that lies far outside the city was taken. Elements of carbon black and dirt were also found there.
From a broader perspective, snow also poses another danger. If you eat too much of it (which sometimes happens when you are thirsty and there is no water nearby), you can easily freeze your lips, lower your body temperature (hypothermia) and even get dehydrated.
WHY don't penguins fly?
Swimming is great, but flying is an obvious failure. This is due to the fact that their bones lack the familiar lightness of birds and resemble more the structure of humans and other mammals. The wings are also peculiar: they have no wing feathers, do not bend, and look more like a fish fin.
Some scientists still argue that penguins were once able to fly. Yet gradually, they were forced to find food in the water, and the flying function was sidelined.
In nature, as we know, everything you don't take advantage of gradually disappears. That's why you have to regularly strain your brain and train your ability to think!
Swimming is great, but flying is an obvious failure. This is due to the fact that their bones lack the familiar lightness of birds and resemble more the structure of humans and other mammals. The wings are also peculiar: they have no wing feathers, do not bend, and look more like a fish fin.
Some scientists still argue that penguins were once able to fly. Yet gradually, they were forced to find food in the water, and the flying function was sidelined.
In nature, as we know, everything you don't take advantage of gradually disappears. That's why you have to regularly strain your brain and train your ability to think!
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WHY do animals molt?
Generally, molting lasts several times a year and has a specific purpose. In hares, molting is a process of camouflage. As soon as the snow falls, they turn white. And by summer, they prefer to get their gray coats back on to blend in with the soil and trees.
Birds need to molt to attract a mate. During the mating season, the plumage of males turns bright and saturated, but with the formation of the family it dims and loses its appeal.
The molting of snakes is a process of recuperation. Their scales are constantly rubbing against rocks and the skin wears off. One has to take care of getting renewed.
Generally, molting lasts several times a year and has a specific purpose. In hares, molting is a process of camouflage. As soon as the snow falls, they turn white. And by summer, they prefer to get their gray coats back on to blend in with the soil and trees.
Birds need to molt to attract a mate. During the mating season, the plumage of males turns bright and saturated, but with the formation of the family it dims and loses its appeal.
The molting of snakes is a process of recuperation. Their scales are constantly rubbing against rocks and the skin wears off. One has to take care of getting renewed.
WHY would the world cease to exist without bacteria?
Bacteria are not only on your skin, which you clean so diligently, but also inside: in the gullet, stomach, intestines... Each organ is characterized by its own set of bacteria, indispensable for its functioning.
Without them, for instance, the cycle of substances in nature wouldn't be feasible. Some bacteria focus on making nitrogenous fertilizer for plants. And without them, the plant world would fall into disrepair.
Also, bacteria are unique sanitizers. They eliminate dead organisms and keep dead cells from flooding our world.
Bacteria are not only on your skin, which you clean so diligently, but also inside: in the gullet, stomach, intestines... Each organ is characterized by its own set of bacteria, indispensable for its functioning.
Without them, for instance, the cycle of substances in nature wouldn't be feasible. Some bacteria focus on making nitrogenous fertilizer for plants. And without them, the plant world would fall into disrepair.
Also, bacteria are unique sanitizers. They eliminate dead organisms and keep dead cells from flooding our world.
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