PHP also supports recursive function call like C/C++. In such case, we call current function within function. It is also known as recursion. It is recommended to avoid recursive function call over 200 recursion level because it may smash the stack and may…

PHP array is an ordered map (contains value on the basis of key). It is used to hold multiple values of similar type in a single variable.   Advantage of PHP Array Less Code: We don't need to define multiple variables. Easy to traverse: By the help of single…

PHP indexed array is an array which is represented by an index number by default. All elements of array are represented by an index number which starts from 0. PHP indexed array can store numbers, strings or any object. PHP indexed array is also known as…

PHP allows you to associate name/label with each array elements in PHP using => symbol. Such way, you can easily remember the element because each element is represented by label than an incremented number.   Definition There are two ways to define associative…

PHP multidimensional array is also known as array of arrays. It allows you to store tabular data in an array. PHP multidimensional array can be represented in the form of matrix which is represented by row * column.   Definition $emp = array ( array(1,"sonoo"…

PHP provides various array functions to access and manipulate the elements of array. The important PHP array functions are given below.   1) PHP array() function PHP array() function creates and returns an array. It allows you to create indexed, associative…

A PHP string is a sequence of characters i.e. used to store and manipulate text. There are 4 ways to specify string in PHP. single quoted double quoted heredoc syntax newdoc syntax (since PHP 5.3)   Single Quoted PHP String We can create a string in PHP by…

 PHP provides various string functions to access and manipulate strings. A list of important PHP string functions are given below.   1) PHP strtolower() function The strtolower() function returns string in lowercase letter. Syntax string strtolower ( string…

PHP provides many predefined math constants and functions that can be used to perform mathematical operations.   PHP Math: abs() function The abs() function returns absolute value of given number. It returns an integer value but if you pass floating point…

We can create and use forms in PHP. To get form data, we need to use PHP superglobals $_GET and $_POST. The form request may be get or post. To retrieve data from get request, we need to use $_GET, for post request $_POST.   PHP Get Form Get request is the…

PHP allows you to include file so that a page content can be reused many times. There are two ways to include file in PHP. include require   Advantage Code Reusability: By the help of include and require construct, we can reuse HTML code or PHP script in…

PHP cookie is a small piece of information which is stored at client browser. It is used to recognize the user. Cookie is created at server side and saved to client browser. Each time when client sends request to the server, cookie is embedded with request.…

PHP session is used to store and pass information from one page to another temporarily (until user close the website). PHP session technique is widely used in shopping websites where we need to store and pass cart information e.g. username, product code,…

PHP File System allows us to create file, read file line by line, read file character by character, write file, append file, delete file and close file.   PHP Open File - fopen() The PHP fopen() function is used to open a file. Syntax resource fopen ( string…

PHP fopen() function is used to open file or URL and returns resource. The fopen() function accepts two arguments: $filename and $mode. The $filename represents the file to be opended and $mode represents the file mode for example read-only, read-write, write…

PHP provides various functions to read data from file. There are different functions that allow you to read all file data, read data line by line and read data character by character. The available PHP file read functions are given below. fread() fgets()…

PHP fwrite() and fputs() functions are used to write data into file. To write data into file, you need to use w, r+, w+, x, x+, c or c+ mode.   PHP Write File - fwrite() The PHP fwrite() function is used to write content of the string into file. Syntax int…

You can append data into file by using a or a+ mode in fopen() function. Let's see a simple example that appends data into data.txt file. Let's see the data of file first. data.txt welcome to php file write   PHP Append to File - fwrite() The PHP fwrite()…

In PHP, we can delete any file using unlink() function. The unlink() function accepts one argument only: file name. It is similar to UNIX C unlink() function. PHP unlink() generates E_WARNING level error if file is not deleted. It returns TRUE if file is…

PHP allows you to upload single and multiple files through few lines of code only. PHP file upload features allows you to upload binary and text files both. Moreover, you can have the full control over the file to be uploaded through PHP authentication and…