The top ten countries (with 68.4% of global cumulative CO2 emissions) include China, the USA, Russia, India, Japan, Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom, South Korea, and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

From 1996 to 2016, a significant increase in CO2 emissions occurs in non-North Asia, parts of Africa and Latin America, which are composed of many middle-income countries with large populations and rapid economic development.

The top ten countries with CO2 increases are China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Brazil, South Korea, Turkey, Vietnam, and Thailand, eight of which are assigned to the UMI or LMI levels.

The countries with low per capita cumulative CO2 emissions are mainly concentrated in South Asia, Latin America, and Africa, and mainly include LI and LMI countries.

The top ten countries in terms of per capita cumulative emissions include Trinidad and Tobago, Kuwait, the USA, Luxembourg, Bahrain, Brunei, Australia, Canada, the United Arab Emirates, and Estonia, all of which belong to the HI region.

In 2020, Kazakhstan, the largest emit- ter, produced 50 times more emissions than Palestine, the lowest emitter.

Palestine depends on other countries for 87% of its electricity imports.

Climate performance of Israel, Occupied Palestinian Territories and neighboring countries https://perma.cc/K7YP-UC93

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In the latest report by the Costs of War Project, it is estimated that 1.2 billion metric tons of greenhouse gases have been emitted by the U.S. military since the start of the Global War on Terror in 2001 https://perma.cc/SNZ4-HZUT

How the world’s militaries hide their huge carbon emissions https://perma.cc/PQ7Q-UX9N

NATO aims to cut emissions by 45% by 2030, be carbon neutral by 2050 https://perma.cc/U3XR-P3CH

NATO won’t say how it will count its carbon emissions https://perma.cc/9HQQ-YBD8

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„Air Defender“ 2023: So viel CO2 verursacht das Nato-Manöver voraussichtlich https://perma.cc/V75S-SC2J

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Climate change is real, and we know what is occurring
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Given its extensive institutional infrastructure and operations, both domestically and overseas, the US military consumes more liquid fuels and emits more CO2e than many medium‐sized countries.

In 2017, the US military purchased about 269,230 barrels of oil a day and emitted 25,375.8 kt‐CO2e by burning those fuels. If the US military were a country, it would nestle between Peru and Portugal in the global league table of fuel pur- chasing, when comparing 2014 World Bank country liquid fuel consumption with 2015 US military liquid fuel consumption.

For 2014, the scale of emissions is roughly equivalent to total – not just fuel – emissions from Romania. According to our DLA‐E data indirect or mobile sources, and electricity use, and other indirect, including upstream and downstream emissions, the US military is the 47th largest emitter of GHG in the world, if only taking into account the emission from fuel usage.

This paper specifically examines military fuel usage for the US post-9/11 wars and the impact of that fuel usage on greenhouse gases emissions. The best estimate of US military greenhouse gas emissions from 2001, when the wars began with the US invasion of Afghanistan, through 2017, is that the US military has emitted 1,212 million metric tons of greenhouse gases (measured in CO2equivalent, or CO2e). In 2017, for example, the Pentagon’s greenhouse gas emissions were greater than the greenhouse gas emissions of entire industrialized countries as Sweden or Denmark.

DOD emissions for all military operations from 2001 to 2017 are estimated to be about 766 million metric tons of CO2e.

New estimate: global military is responsible for more emissions than Russia https://perma.cc/3B2U-5ECD

A framework for military greenhouse gas emissions reporting https://perma.cc/5ZAG-GSX8

The U.S. Military Emits More CO2 Than Many Nations https://perma.cc/T7EB-EY2X

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