📌Prelims Probable Topic No. 40:
👉Nuclear Fusion & the New Era of Clean Technology:
1. Big Breakthrough – China’s EAST Reactor: On Jan 20, 2025, China’s EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) sustained plasma at 100 million°C for 1,066 seconds.
> Uses magnetic confinement fusion with superconducting magnets generating toroidal & poloidal fields.
> Serves as a testbed for ITER.
2. Nuclear Fusion vs. Fission
> Fusion combines light nuclei (Deuterium + Tritium); Fission splits heavy ones (U-235).
> Fusion is cleaner, produces less waste & is inherently safer.
> Challenge: Requires extreme temperature & pressure.
3. Fuel Used in Fusion:
> Deuterium: Abundant in seawater.
> Tritium: Scarce, radioactive, needs to be bred from lithium.
> Future potential: D-D or Boron-based fusion.
4. Types of Fusion Technologies
Magnetic Confinement Fusion (MCF): EAST, ITER, Wendelstein 7-X.
Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF): NIF (USA), uses high-powered lasers.
5. Major Fusion Projects (Global)
A. International – ITER (France)
35-nation collaboration incl. India; India supplies cryostat, magnets, diagnostics; facing delays & cost overruns.
B. National-Level Projects
USA: NIF (net energy gain in 2022), SPARC (compact reactor by MIT).
Germany: Wendelstein 7-X (stellarator).
UK: STEP (spherical tokamak).
Japan: JT-60SA (EU collaboration, ITER precursor).
China: EAST ("Artificial Sun", world leader in plasma confinement).
6. India’s Role in Fusion Research:
> INDA coordinates India’s ITER participation.
> IPR Gandhinagar is India’s core research hub.
> Supplies cryostat, magnets, cooling systems to ITER.
> May participate in future DEMO reactor post-ITER.
7. Important Keywords / Concepts to Revise: Tokamak vs Stellarator; MCF vs ICF; Deuterium, Tritium, Lithium Breeding; EAST, ITER, NIF, SPARC, Wendelstein 7-X; Cryostat, superconducting magnets; Fusion as clean, safe, limitless energy; India’s strategic tech contribution.
#veryveryveryImportant
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👉Nuclear Fusion & the New Era of Clean Technology:
1. Big Breakthrough – China’s EAST Reactor: On Jan 20, 2025, China’s EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) sustained plasma at 100 million°C for 1,066 seconds.
> Uses magnetic confinement fusion with superconducting magnets generating toroidal & poloidal fields.
> Serves as a testbed for ITER.
2. Nuclear Fusion vs. Fission
> Fusion combines light nuclei (Deuterium + Tritium); Fission splits heavy ones (U-235).
> Fusion is cleaner, produces less waste & is inherently safer.
> Challenge: Requires extreme temperature & pressure.
3. Fuel Used in Fusion:
> Deuterium: Abundant in seawater.
> Tritium: Scarce, radioactive, needs to be bred from lithium.
> Future potential: D-D or Boron-based fusion.
4. Types of Fusion Technologies
Magnetic Confinement Fusion (MCF): EAST, ITER, Wendelstein 7-X.
Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF): NIF (USA), uses high-powered lasers.
5. Major Fusion Projects (Global)
A. International – ITER (France)
35-nation collaboration incl. India; India supplies cryostat, magnets, diagnostics; facing delays & cost overruns.
B. National-Level Projects
USA: NIF (net energy gain in 2022), SPARC (compact reactor by MIT).
Germany: Wendelstein 7-X (stellarator).
UK: STEP (spherical tokamak).
Japan: JT-60SA (EU collaboration, ITER precursor).
China: EAST ("Artificial Sun", world leader in plasma confinement).
6. India’s Role in Fusion Research:
> INDA coordinates India’s ITER participation.
> IPR Gandhinagar is India’s core research hub.
> Supplies cryostat, magnets, cooling systems to ITER.
> May participate in future DEMO reactor post-ITER.
7. Important Keywords / Concepts to Revise: Tokamak vs Stellarator; MCF vs ICF; Deuterium, Tritium, Lithium Breeding; EAST, ITER, NIF, SPARC, Wendelstein 7-X; Cryostat, superconducting magnets; Fusion as clean, safe, limitless energy; India’s strategic tech contribution.
#veryveryveryImportant
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📌Prelims Probable Topic #41
👉👉River–Dam Mapping🤏🤏
1) Indus – Ladakh:
> Nimoo Bazgo Dam
> Chutak Dam (on Suru tributary)
2) Jhelum – J&K:
> Uri Dam
3) Chenab – J&K:
> Salal, Baglihar, Dulhasti, Ratle (under construction).
4) Beas – Himachal Pradesh:
> Pong Dam, Bassi Dam
5) Ravi:
> Chamera Dam (HP)
> Ujh Dam (on Ujh tributary, J&K).
6) Satluj:
> Bhakra Nangal Dam (HP–Punjab border)
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👉👉River–Dam Mapping🤏🤏
1) Indus – Ladakh:
> Nimoo Bazgo Dam
> Chutak Dam (on Suru tributary)
2) Jhelum – J&K:
> Uri Dam
3) Chenab – J&K:
> Salal, Baglihar, Dulhasti, Ratle (under construction).
4) Beas – Himachal Pradesh:
> Pong Dam, Bassi Dam
5) Ravi:
> Chamera Dam (HP)
> Ujh Dam (on Ujh tributary, J&K).
6) Satluj:
> Bhakra Nangal Dam (HP–Punjab border)
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📌Prelims Probable Topic 42:
👉👉Trade Weaponisation 🤏🤏
1. It is Strategic use of trade tools (tariffs, sanctions, export controls) to exert geopolitical pressure.
2. Purpose: To influence or coerce other nations' policies or actions.
3. Impacts: Affects global supply chains, economic stability & diplomatic relations.
4. Examples:
> U.S. export controls on Chinese tech firms.
> Russia cutting gas supply to Europe during Ukraine conflict.
5. Relevance: Increasing in multipolar world; key for understanding economic and security linkages.
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👉👉Trade Weaponisation 🤏🤏
1. It is Strategic use of trade tools (tariffs, sanctions, export controls) to exert geopolitical pressure.
2. Purpose: To influence or coerce other nations' policies or actions.
3. Impacts: Affects global supply chains, economic stability & diplomatic relations.
4. Examples:
> U.S. export controls on Chinese tech firms.
> Russia cutting gas supply to Europe during Ukraine conflict.
5. Relevance: Increasing in multipolar world; key for understanding economic and security linkages.
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📌Savage & Brutal👇
"To all the nibbas & nibbis out there majoring in ‘Love Studies’ with a minor in ‘Scrolling Reels’ — while you're busy chasing 'forever', disruptive tech is chasing your jobs. Upskill now, or be ready to fight ChatGPT for a delivery gig."
👉A message from A.I.
In this context, Charles Darwin comes to Mind: "It is not the strongest species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the ones most responsive to change."
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"To all the nibbas & nibbis out there majoring in ‘Love Studies’ with a minor in ‘Scrolling Reels’ — while you're busy chasing 'forever', disruptive tech is chasing your jobs. Upskill now, or be ready to fight ChatGPT for a delivery gig."
👉A message from A.I.
In this context, Charles Darwin comes to Mind: "It is not the strongest species that survive, nor the most intelligent, but the ones most responsive to change."
SHARE & JOIN: @UPSCFIX
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📌Top Ten Global Health Problems as recognised by WHO.
1. Air Pollution & Climate Change
2. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
3. Global Influenza Pandemic
4. Fragile & Vulnerable Settings
5. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
6. Ebola & High-Threat Pathogens
7. Weak Primary Health Care
8. Vaccine Hesitancy
9. Dengue
10. HIV
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1. Air Pollution & Climate Change
2. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
3. Global Influenza Pandemic
4. Fragile & Vulnerable Settings
5. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
6. Ebola & High-Threat Pathogens
7. Weak Primary Health Care
8. Vaccine Hesitancy
9. Dengue
10. HIV
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👍26❤5🤩2
🫵🫵 Good Morning! Let’s gear up:
⏳ 46 Days to go — UPSC Prelims 2025 (25th May)
📝 135 Days to go — UPSC Mains 2025 (22nd August)
⚡ 11 Days to go — GPSC Prelims (20th April)
🎯 5 Days to go — CDS 1 Exam (13th April)
📚 12 Days to go — OPSC Mains (19th April)
🛡️ 16 Days to go — BPSC Mains (25th April)
🔧 61 Days to go — ESE Prelims
🗺️ 62 Days to go — MPPSC Mains 2025 (9th June)
🏔️ 69 Days to go — RAS Mains (17th June)
🌾 81 Days to go — UPPSC Mains (29th June)
📄 110 Days to go — UPPSC RO/ARO (27th July)
🏛️ 187 Days to go — UPPSC
Keep pushing.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
⏳ 46 Days to go — UPSC Prelims 2025 (25th May)
📝 135 Days to go — UPSC Mains 2025 (22nd August)
⚡ 11 Days to go — GPSC Prelims (20th April)
🎯 5 Days to go — CDS 1 Exam (13th April)
📚 12 Days to go — OPSC Mains (19th April)
🛡️ 16 Days to go — BPSC Mains (25th April)
🔧 61 Days to go — ESE Prelims
🗺️ 62 Days to go — MPPSC Mains 2025 (9th June)
🏔️ 69 Days to go — RAS Mains (17th June)
🌾 81 Days to go — UPPSC Mains (29th June)
📄 110 Days to go — UPPSC RO/ARO (27th July)
🏛️ 187 Days to go — UPPSC
Keep pushing.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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📌Prelims Probable Topic 43:
👉Classical Languages of India🤏
1. In 2024, the Government of India granted Classical Language status to: Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, & Bengali.
2. Previously recognized languages:
Tamil (2004), Sanskrit (2005), Kannada and Telugu (2008), Malayalam (2013), Odia (2014).
3. Total Classical Languages: 11
4. Criteria for Classical Status:
> Antiquity of 1500+ years.
> Rich ancient literature.
> Distinct literary tradition.
> Originality, not borrowed.
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👉Classical Languages of India🤏
1. In 2024, the Government of India granted Classical Language status to: Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese, & Bengali.
2. Previously recognized languages:
Tamil (2004), Sanskrit (2005), Kannada and Telugu (2008), Malayalam (2013), Odia (2014).
3. Total Classical Languages: 11
4. Criteria for Classical Status:
> Antiquity of 1500+ years.
> Rich ancient literature.
> Distinct literary tradition.
> Originality, not borrowed.
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📌📌Trump Tariffs Live Updates: China imposes 84% tariffs on all US imports following Trump’s 104% duty.
👉Wait for the Share Markets to Nosedive further.
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👉Wait for the Share Markets to Nosedive further.
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Forwarded from Geography Optional 2026/27
UPSC Optionals Removal Analysis by GuidanceIAS Final.pdf
3.9 MB
👆Will UPSC remove optional subjects in the coming years?
✍An objective analysis for Aspirants (2026-2028).
@Learn_Geography_Optional
✍An objective analysis for Aspirants (2026-2028).
@Learn_Geography_Optional
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Forwarded from UPSC FIX 2026 - 27 - 28
👆It is totally "OK" to have LOW phases in your Life & UPSC Preparation but the Important thing is to hold the VISION!!!
I hope you got the Point...
Good Night folks 💫
Pic Credits: Suyash, IFS
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I hope you got the Point...
Good Night folks 💫
Pic Credits: Suyash, IFS
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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🫵🫵 Good Morning, Warrior! Let’s gear up — every second counts!
⏳ 45 Days to go — UPSC Prelims 2025 (25th May)
📝 134 Days to go — UPSC Mains 2025 (22nd August)
⚡ 10 Days to go — GPSC Prelims (20th April)
🎯 4 Days to go — CDS 1 Exam (13th April)
📚 11 Days to go — OPSC Mains (19th April)
🛡️ 15 Days to go — BPSC Mains (25th April)
🔧 60 Days to go — ESE Prelims
🗺️ 61 Days to go — MPPSC Mains 2025 (9th June)
🏔️ 68 Days to go — RAS Mains (17th June)
🌾 80 Days to go — UPPSC Mains (29th June)
📄 109 Days to go — UPPSC RO/ARO (27th July)
🏛️ 186 Days to go — UPPSC Interview
One less day — one step closer. Make it count.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
⏳ 45 Days to go — UPSC Prelims 2025 (25th May)
📝 134 Days to go — UPSC Mains 2025 (22nd August)
⚡ 10 Days to go — GPSC Prelims (20th April)
🎯 4 Days to go — CDS 1 Exam (13th April)
📚 11 Days to go — OPSC Mains (19th April)
🛡️ 15 Days to go — BPSC Mains (25th April)
🔧 60 Days to go — ESE Prelims
🗺️ 61 Days to go — MPPSC Mains 2025 (9th June)
🏔️ 68 Days to go — RAS Mains (17th June)
🌾 80 Days to go — UPPSC Mains (29th June)
📄 109 Days to go — UPPSC RO/ARO (27th July)
🏛️ 186 Days to go — UPPSC Interview
One less day — one step closer. Make it count.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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📌Prelims Probable Topic #44
👉👉👉👉Atlantification🤏🤏🤏
1. Definition: Atlantification refers to the increasing inflow of warm, salty Atlantic waters into the Arctic Ocean.
2. Impact: Disrupts Arctic sea ice formation, accelerates melting, and alters marine ecosystems.
3. Cause: Driven by climate change and shifting ocean currents.
4. Significance: May weaken the polar cold trap and influence global weather patterns.
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👉👉👉👉Atlantification🤏🤏🤏
1. Definition: Atlantification refers to the increasing inflow of warm, salty Atlantic waters into the Arctic Ocean.
2. Impact: Disrupts Arctic sea ice formation, accelerates melting, and alters marine ecosystems.
3. Cause: Driven by climate change and shifting ocean currents.
4. Significance: May weaken the polar cold trap and influence global weather patterns.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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Good Morning, Warrior!
The countdown is ON.
🔥 UPSC CSP 2025 – 41 Days Left – 25 May
🎯 UPSC CSM 2025 – 130 Days Left – 22 Aug
⏰ GPSC Prelims – 6 Days Left – 20 April
⚔️ CDS 1 – Today is the Day! – 13 April
🧠 OPSC Mains – 8 Days Left – 19 April
✍️ BPSC Mains – 11 Days Left – 25 April
⚙️ ESE Prelims – 56 Days Left
📚 MPPSC Mains 2025 – 57 Days Left – 9 June
📝 RAS Mains – 64 Days Left – 17 June
🧾 UPPSC Mains – 76 Days Left – 29 June
🔍 UPPSC RO/ARO – 105 Days Left – 27 July
🛡️ UPPSC Prelims – 182 Days Left – 12 Oct
Every day is a step closer to your dream. Sharpen your focus. Trim the distractions. Let your efforts today make your future self proud.
👉Let’s dominate the day!
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
The countdown is ON.
🔥 UPSC CSP 2025 – 41 Days Left – 25 May
🎯 UPSC CSM 2025 – 130 Days Left – 22 Aug
⏰ GPSC Prelims – 6 Days Left – 20 April
⚔️ CDS 1 – Today is the Day! – 13 April
🧠 OPSC Mains – 8 Days Left – 19 April
✍️ BPSC Mains – 11 Days Left – 25 April
⚙️ ESE Prelims – 56 Days Left
📚 MPPSC Mains 2025 – 57 Days Left – 9 June
📝 RAS Mains – 64 Days Left – 17 June
🧾 UPPSC Mains – 76 Days Left – 29 June
🔍 UPPSC RO/ARO – 105 Days Left – 27 July
🛡️ UPPSC Prelims – 182 Days Left – 12 Oct
Every day is a step closer to your dream. Sharpen your focus. Trim the distractions. Let your efforts today make your future self proud.
👉Let’s dominate the day!
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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📌Prelims Probable Topic 45:
👉👉👉 Insider Trading 🤏🤏🤏
It is an Illegal practice of trading a company’s securities by someone with access to non-public, price-sensitive information.
👉Prohibited under SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulation, 2015.
👉Ex: A company executive knows about an upcoming merger and buys shares before public announcement to earn profit—this is insider trading.
👉U.S. President Trump was recently accused by a senator of possible insider trading linked to tariff-related stock movements.
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👉👉👉 Insider Trading 🤏🤏🤏
It is an Illegal practice of trading a company’s securities by someone with access to non-public, price-sensitive information.
👉Prohibited under SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulation, 2015.
👉Ex: A company executive knows about an upcoming merger and buys shares before public announcement to earn profit—this is insider trading.
👉U.S. President Trump was recently accused by a senator of possible insider trading linked to tariff-related stock movements.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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📌Prelims Probable Topic 46:
👨💻 De-extinction & the Dire Wolf🤏
👉De-extinction: Process of reviving extinct species using biotechnology.
👉Recent Ex: DNA of the extinct Dire Wolf was sequenced.
👉Key Finding: It was genetically distinct from modern wolves, not closely related.
👉Significance: Aids understanding of ancient biodiversity and adaptation.
👉Relevance: Linked to CRISPR, cloning, and raises ethical & ecological concerns.
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👨💻 De-extinction & the Dire Wolf🤏
👉De-extinction: Process of reviving extinct species using biotechnology.
👉Recent Ex: DNA of the extinct Dire Wolf was sequenced.
👉Key Finding: It was genetically distinct from modern wolves, not closely related.
👉Significance: Aids understanding of ancient biodiversity and adaptation.
👉Relevance: Linked to CRISPR, cloning, and raises ethical & ecological concerns.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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✍All the best to every UPSC 2024 aspirant awaiting the final result.
You’ve given your all—through sleepless nights, quiet sacrifices, and relentless effort. Whatever the outcome, be proud of your journey.
And if today is your day—celebrate like you own the world. You’ve earned it.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
You’ve given your all—through sleepless nights, quiet sacrifices, and relentless effort. Whatever the outcome, be proud of your journey.
And if today is your day—celebrate like you own the world. You’ve earned it.
Share & Join: @UPSCFIX
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UPSC Civil Services Examination 2024 – Key Highlights:
Topper:
Name: Shakti Dubey
👉Rank: 1
Graduation: B.Sc. in Biochemistry, University of Allahabad
Optional Subject: Political Science & International Relations
👉Rank: 2
Name: Harshita Goyal
Graduation: B.Com, MS University of Baroda
Optional Subject: Political Science & International Relations
👉Rank 3
Name: Dongre Archit Parag
Graduation: B.Tech in Electrical & Electronics, VIT Vellore
Optional Subject: Philosophy
👉Rank 4
Name: Shah Margi Chirag
Graduation: B.E. in Computer Engineering, GTU Ahmedabad
Optional Subject: Sociology
👉Rank 5
Name: Aakash Garg
Graduation: B.Tech in Computer Science, GGSIPU Delhi
Optional Subject: Sociology
👉Overall Statistics:
Total Applicants: 9,92,599
Appeared in Prelims: 5,83,213
Qualified for Mains: 14,627
Appeared for Interview: 2,845
Final Selections: 1,009 (725 men, 284 women)
Top 5 Candidates: 3 Women, 2 Men
Top 25 Candidates: 11 Women, 14 Men
Educational Backgrounds: Engineering, Science, Commerce, Humanities, Medical Science, Architecture
Top Institutions: IITs, NITs, VIT, JNU, DU, University of Allahabad
Optional Subjects Among Top 25: PSIR, Sociology, Philosophy, Anthropology, Geography, Mathematics, Commerce, Physics, Public Administration, Tamil Literature
Candidates with Benchmark Disabilities: 45.
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Topper:
Name: Shakti Dubey
👉Rank: 1
Graduation: B.Sc. in Biochemistry, University of Allahabad
Optional Subject: Political Science & International Relations
👉Rank: 2
Name: Harshita Goyal
Graduation: B.Com, MS University of Baroda
Optional Subject: Political Science & International Relations
👉Rank 3
Name: Dongre Archit Parag
Graduation: B.Tech in Electrical & Electronics, VIT Vellore
Optional Subject: Philosophy
👉Rank 4
Name: Shah Margi Chirag
Graduation: B.E. in Computer Engineering, GTU Ahmedabad
Optional Subject: Sociology
👉Rank 5
Name: Aakash Garg
Graduation: B.Tech in Computer Science, GGSIPU Delhi
Optional Subject: Sociology
👉Overall Statistics:
Total Applicants: 9,92,599
Appeared in Prelims: 5,83,213
Qualified for Mains: 14,627
Appeared for Interview: 2,845
Final Selections: 1,009 (725 men, 284 women)
Top 5 Candidates: 3 Women, 2 Men
Top 25 Candidates: 11 Women, 14 Men
Educational Backgrounds: Engineering, Science, Commerce, Humanities, Medical Science, Architecture
Top Institutions: IITs, NITs, VIT, JNU, DU, University of Allahabad
Optional Subjects Among Top 25: PSIR, Sociology, Philosophy, Anthropology, Geography, Mathematics, Commerce, Physics, Public Administration, Tamil Literature
Candidates with Benchmark Disabilities: 45.
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UPSC FIX 2026 - 27 - 28
👆UPSC Expected Prelims Cut-off given by VISION IAS. 🀄️ Although our Estimate is, it will be in the Range of 88-96. Let's See👀 Note: A wise Aspirant having PASSION & Sincerity to clear this exam has already started Preparing for Mains from the Last 3 days.…
This is What we Predicted!
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