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Topic 59: ||"B & T Cells"||

Test Series Tricky Statements

🧨"TRAP - 2"🧨

👉 B-Lymphocytes: are responsible for "Humoral Immune Response" - where Antibodies [Ig A/M/E/D/G] are activated into your blood stream.

👉 T-Lymphocytes (aka Helper T - cells): are responsible for "Cell-Mediated Immune Response" -- It trains body to produce Proteins/Antibodies, but "don't produce" any.

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Topic 60 - ||B vs T Cells ||

🧨🧨A high probability of such questions being asked by UPSC in the backdrop of COVID-19🦠😷

👉 A Bit Technical but can be immensely important!

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👆With no offence to Bill Gates (although he copied Steve Jobs idea...)

❌ Also...not a great supporter of the Idealistic Marxist Idea!

But the "RISING INEQUALITY" in contemporary times asks for a Conscious Attention to strike a Balance between GREED😡 vs NEED🙂

📌 How about 'Compassionate Capitalism' or 'Stakeholder Capitalism'? Can we go with them!

Let's end the day with this Thought!

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Topic 61: "Components of Vaccine "🧨🧨

👉 Also, Surfactants are used to allow vaccine to blend properly and be uniform. To avoid settling and clumping.

#high Probability topic.

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Topic 62: ||Furlough vs Parole||

Both Parole & Furlough are considered as reformative processes & are covered under the "Prisons Act of 1894".

🧨🧨 Note: Prison is a "State subject" & all states have their own rules.

👉 A question on "Parole" has already been asked in Prelims 2021.

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Topic 63: Nord Stream🧨🧨

Longest subsea pipeline, is an export gas pipeline which runs under Baltic Sea carrying gas from Russia to Europe. It consists of 2 pipelines:
👉 Nord Stream 1 was completed in 2011 & runs from Vyborg in Leningrad (Russia) to Lubmin near Greifswald, Germany.

👉 Nord Stream 2 which runs from Ust-Luga in Leningrad to Lubmin was completed in Sep. 2021.

Both together can transport a total of 110 BCM of gas a year to Europe for at least 50 years.

>> The Nord Stream crosses the Exclusive Economic Zones of several countries viz.,Russia, Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany.

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Topic 64: ||Ways to Measure Unemployment||🧨

1. Usual Status Approach🧨

👉 Captures long-term unemployment prevalent in the economy.

👉 It records only those persons as being unemployed who had no gainful work for a major time during the 365 days preceding the date of the survey and are actively seeking work.

👉 Most routinely quoted NSO unemployment number.

#high Probability topic, covered widely by newspapers & test series.

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Topic 65: Current Weekly Status🧨

A person is said to be unemployed if he/she is unable to work even for an hour during the survey period.

👉 Measures both the long-term open chronic unemployment & seasonal unemployment.

👉 More relevant as NSO uses it for understanding quarterly changes in unemployment.
👉 Unemployment rate & LFPR are compiled using this approach.

#high Probability topic... All relevant statements from test series are covered!

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👆List of Tribal Movements.

Join fast for Prelims Last minute quick revision.

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👆👆Solve it to check your CSAT skills.

👉 Practice a Full Length Mock, know your Strong & Weak areas & chart a strategy accordingly.

You need to score a minimum of 66 marks (33% of the total marks) in the CSAT paper for qualification. Thus, in order to be on the safer side, you must at least solve 30+ questions correctly in the CSAT paper in order to pass...Which is DOABLE! 💯

So don't create a Phobia🚫 of CSAT!

Answer: 26 How 2^2 + 1 = 5, 3^2 + 1 = 10, 5^2 + 1 = 26, 7^2 + 1 = 50, 11^2 + 1 = 122

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Topic 66: Sujalam Campaign

👉 The Ministry of Jal Shakti has begun (From 25th August) ‘SUJALAM’, a ‘100 days campaign’ as part of the ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’.

🧨Note: All those initiatives started as a part of "Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav @75" can be important for Prelims 2022. Can expect a question from it. So be prepared!

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Topic 67: ODF vs ODF+ vs ODF++🧨

👉 Under the next phase of Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban-2) — ODF+, ODF++ and Water Plus — is to be completed by 2024.

👉👉 What is water plus?

Water Plus aims to sustain toilets by treating & reuse of water. It contributes to the government’s focus on water conversation and reuse under the Jal Shakti Abhiyan and is in alignment with UN-mandated SDG - 6 on "Clean water and sanitation".

🤔Hey... Can we say "ORN - Delhi" is ODF not with respect to humans but with respect to stray animals? -- I guess NOT.

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👉 Kindly Revise your Indian Polity NCERT Book "Constitution at Work". Although it is line by line important for prelims & but now quickly revise your Highlighted text!

👉 It is difficult to find the line in Laxmikanth which talks about the "Guardian of the Constitution". Everyone would interpret this at own terms. But it is given in NCERT as a straightforward line.

🧨🧨Note: Consider the Term "Liberty" as --> As "Restricted Freedom" in context of India. Now solve the PYQ's on Liberty with this trick philosophy!

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Topic 70: Extinct Animals from India🧨

🧨🧨 Mindfully prepare & revise the list of Critically Endangered Species in India especially which were in News.

👉👉 Also... List of species which have changed their Status in between Endangered and Vulnerable!

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Topic 71: ||Kerch Strait||🧨🧨

👉 The Kerch Strait is the "only" connection between the Black Sea & the Sea of Azov, & the only way to reach two important Ukrainian ports, Mariupol and Berdiansk. 🧨

👉 It separates the Kerch Peninsula of Crimea from the Taman Peninsula of Russia's Krasnodar Krai.

👉 Russia has controlled the strait since annexing Crimea in 2014, which has made traffic significantly more difficult for Ukrainian ships.

#RussiaUkraineTopicseries

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Topic 72: Dark Genome🧨🧨

👉 The human genome is conventionally divided into the “coding” genome, which generates the ~20,000 annotated human protein coding genes, & the “dark” genome, which "does not" encode proteins.

👉 The dark genome is a vast space, accounting for the ~98.5% of genomic space where repeat elements, enhancers, regulatory sequences & non-coding RNAs reside.

👉 Recently, Researchers investigating the “dark genome” discovered evolved regions that code for proteins associated with schizophrenia & bipolar disorder. This can be used as biological indicators.

🧨Note: Revise Human Genome, Genome Vs Gene, Telomere-2-Telomere (T2T) project, Genome India Project.

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Topic 73: Reclining Buddha🧨 🧨

Reclining Buddha statue or image represents "The Buddha" during his last illness, about to enter Parinirvana, the stage of great salvation after death (in Kushinagar, UP) that can only be attained by enlightened souls.

👉 Reclining Buddha was 1st depicted in Gandhara art, which began in the period between 50 BC & 75 AD & peaked during the Kushana period from the 1st to 5th AD.

👉 The largest in the world is the 600-foot Winsein Tawya Buddha built-in 1992 in Mawlamyine, Myanmar.

👉 Cave No. 26 of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Ajanta contains a 24-foot-long & nine-foot-tall sculpture of the Reclining Buddha, believed to have been carved in the 5th AD.

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Topic 74: ||Gati Shakti Plan||🧨

👉 A digital platform that will bring 16 ministries & departments of the Government of India together.

👉 It is a Rs.100 lakh-crore project for developing ‘holistic infrastructure’.

👉 Has been launched as an umbrella integrator of ₹111-lakh crore worth of projects under the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) for 2020-25.

👉 Leverage technology extensively including spatial planning tools with ISRO imagery developed by BiSAG-N.

👉 Existing infrastructure schemes under various ministries will be incorporated into this plan.
#AmustcomeTopic

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Topic 75: ||PM-DevINE Scheme||🧨🧨

PM Development Initiative for North East Region (PM-DevINE) has been launched for the development of infrastructure & social development projects with an initial allocation of Rs 1500 Crore.

👉 The Scheme will be implemented through the North-East Council.

👉 It will fund infrastructure, in the spirit of PM GatiShakti & social development projects based on the felt needs of the North East.

👉 Will enable livelihood activities for youth and women, filling the gaps in various sectors.

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Topic 76: ||BSF & its Jurisdiction||🧨

The BSF (Termed as the First Line of Defence) was raised in 1965, after the India-Pakistan war.

👉 It is one of the 7 Central Armed Police Forces under MHA.

👉 It is deployed on Indo-Pakistan International Border, Indo-Bangladesh International Border, Line of Control (LoC) along with Indian Army & in Anti-Naxal Operations.

👉 It contributes dedicated services to the UN peacekeeping Mission.

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Topic 77: ||Genocide Convention||🧨

👉 First human rights treaty adopted by UNGA on 9 Dec 1948.

👉 Under it genocide is a crime that can take place both in time of war as well as in time of peace.

👉 Widely adopted at both national & international levels, including in the 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC).

👉 It establishes on State Parties the obligation to take measures to prevent & to punish the crime of genocide (Article IV).

Note: ||India is a signatory to this convention||🧨🧨🧨

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