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NTA-NET SET English
This group has been created for lover of literature and those candidate who are preparing UGC Net and Set Examination.
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IDENTICAL NAMES
A.There are two Alchemist by
1)Paulo Coelho
2)Ben Jhonson
B.There are two
a) A Vision of Judgement - 1821 ( Robert Southey )
b) The Vision of Judgement - 1822 ( Lord Byron ) written in response to Robert Southey's poem ( A Vision of Judgement )
C.There are two lotus eater:-
one is poem written by A.L.Tennyson and other is short story written by somerset Maugham
D.There are two
'Endymion' ( 1880 ) Novel-Benjamin Disraile
Endymion poem-jhon keats
E.Our Casuarina Tree ( a poem by Toru Datt)
The Casuarina Tree ( short stories collection) by Somerset Maughem
E.There are two
Hamlet play by william shakespear
The Hamlet novel by william Faukner
F .There are two
Passage to India
Novel by E. M. Forter.
Poem by Walt whitman
G.There are two ulysses:-
Poem-A.l Tennyson
Drama-Stephen Phillips
Novel- James Joyce
21 जून 2020 सूर्यग्रहण
नासिक महाराष्ट्र से
In chapter 13 of biographia litereria Coleridge describes about fancy and imagination

👉 In 15 the chapter of biographia literaria is the definition of creative imagination

👉Robert Browning's Rabbia Ben Ezra is a defense of old age against youth

👉John Donne's last poem is "A hymn to God the Father"

👉Galsworthy refused the offer of a Knighthood in 1917

👉First folio 1623 was published by Heming and condell of Shakespeare

👉"Take o take those lips away" is from Measure for measure by Shakespeare

👉" Peter bell" by www a poem written as a reply to Coleridge's The Rime of the ancient mariner

👉" Curan" appears in Shakespeare's king Lear

👉Henry 8th is also known as " All is true" 1612

👉Shakespeare's last plays are four heterogeneous comedies
🐬Pericles 1607
🐬Cymbeline 1610
🐬The winter's tale 1609
🐬The tmpest 1610-11

👉Child Harold's pilgrimage a poem by lord Byron in Spenserian stanzas of which first two cantos in 1812, canto three in 1816, canto four in 1818

👉Coleridge's statement that "imagination dissolves, diffuses, dissipates in order to recreate ....", relates to primary imagination

👉The title " sound and fury " is taken from Macbeth

👉Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot by Pope begins with the line
" Shut, shut the door, good john fatigued I said..'""

👉Present fears/ are less than horrible imagination " is the line from Macbeth

👉Relationship is a long poem by kamla das

👉 J.M. coetzee's " For" is a postmodern retelling of Robinson Crusoe

👉The concept " Star equilibrium " in connection with man woman relationship appears in Women in love.

👉Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is dedicated to William Godwin her father..

👉 The motto " only connect " is taken from E.M.Forester's Howards End

👉 "kubla khan" takes an epigraph from Samuel purchas' " purchase His Pilgrimage "
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NET SET English
This group has been created for lover of literature and those candidate who are preparing UGC Net and Set Examination.
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CLEANTH BROOKS:

Cleanth Brooks was an American literary critic and professor. He is best known for his contributions to New Criticism in the mid-20th century and for revolutionizing the teaching of poetry in American higher education.

His best-known works, The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry (1947) and Modern Poetry and the Tradition (1939), argue for the centrality of ambiguity and paradox as a way of understanding poetry. With his writing, Brooks helped to formulate formalist criticism, emphasizing "the interior life of a poem" and codifying the principles of close reading.
Brooks was also the preeminent critic of Southern literature, writing classic texts on William Faulkner, and co-founder of the influential journal The Southern Review with Robert Penn Warren.

Brooks was the central figure of New Criticism, a movement that emphasized structural and textual analysis—close reading—over historical or biographical analysis. Brooks advocates close reading because, as he states in The Well Wrought Urn, "by making the closest examination of what the poem says as a poem" , a critic can effectively interpret and explicate the text. For him, the crux of New Criticism is that literary study be "concerned primarily with the work itself"
🌸Main Difference – Realism vs Naturalism

While Realism and Naturalism are two separate literary movements, they are closely linked and sometimes used interchangeably. This is because both movements portray life as it is. These movements depicted believable, natural or real everyday activities and experiences. However, there exists a significant difference between realism and naturalism. Realism sought to represent real life whereas naturalism sought to represent life in a more scientific, almost clinical manner than realism. This is the main difference between realism and naturalism.

🎈What is Realism?

Realism is a literary movement that began in the middle of the nineteenth century in France and spread across Europe. This movement can be defined as a reaction against Romanticism. Realistic literature depicts ordinary people in everyday situations. They depicted events that could happen to anyone in real life. Realism portrays life as it is, without idealizing, flattering or romanticizing.

Before Realism, the literature tended to focus on nobles, royals, and divinity which were of little relevance to the middle classes. But Realism movement broke this convention by portraying characters that belong to working classes. There were no great heroes; the protagonists were ordinary characters with whom the audience can identify with.

Realistic literature also paid great attention to detail; this was necessary to create a realistic feel and effect. The language used in literature during this period was also ordinary, unlike in Romantic period. Common vernacular and dialects were used to render the texts more believable and realistic. Flaubert’s Madame Bovary, Ibsen’s Doll’s House, Tolstoy’s War and Peace, Dickens’s Great Expectations, and Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure are some examples of realistic literature.

🎈What is Naturalism?

Naturalism proceeded from realism is often referred to as a logical outgrowth of literary Realism. It can be considered as an exaggerated form of realism since it used detailed realism to propose that social conditions, heredity, and environment were the three main forces in shaping human character.

Naturalism was heavily influenced by theories of Charles Darwin and naturalistic authors attempted to apply scientific theories to literature. Therefore, they often took a detached and clinical tone. Naturalism often portrayed lower-class characters and themes involving violence and taboo activities. Naturalistic novels are typically pessimistic in nature.

The work of the French novelist Emile Zola is often considered to be the origins of the Naturalistic movement. His Les Rougon-Macquart is considered to be one of the finest works in Naturalistic movement. Stephen Crane’s Maggie: A Girl of the Streets, Jack London’s To Build A Fire, John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath are some examples of Naturalistic novels

🌿Difference Between Realism and Naturalism

🎋Definition

🎈Realism is a literary movement characterized by the representation of real life.

🎈Naturalism is an outgrowth of literary realism, influenced by scientific theories.

🎋Portrayal of People
🎈
Realism portrayed the everyday life of ordinary people.

🎈Naturalism portrayed how environment, heredity, and social conditions control the human being.

🎋Characters

🎈Realism depicted middle-class characters.

🎈Naturalism depicted lower class characters.

🎋Themes

🎈Realistic novels used themes like society, social class, mobility, etc.

🎈Naturalistic novels were written on themes of violence, poverty, corruption, prostitution, etc.
English literature mcqs

@FATHER AND FOUNDERS’ LIST @

1. FATHER OF ENGLISH POETRY –CHAUCER
2. FATHER OF ENGLISH PROSE – KING ALFRED
3. FATHER OF ENGLISH NOVEL – HENRY FIELDING
4. FATHER OF ENGLISH MODERN PROSE – BACON
5. FATHER OF MODERN LINGUISTICS – BLOOMSFIELD
6. FATHER OF ENGLISH ESSAYS – BACON
7. FATHER OF ESSAYS – MONTAIGNE
8. FATHER OF AMERICAN TRANSCENDENTALISM – EMERSON
9. FATHER OF HISTORICAL NOVEL – SIR WALTER SCOTT
10. FATHER OF REVENGE TRAGEDY – THOMAS KYD
11. FATHER OF SECOND ENGLISH POETS – EDMUND SPENSER
12. PRINCE OF ENGLISH ESSAYIST – CHARLES LAMB
13. POETS POET – SPENSER
14. CRITICS CRITIC – HAZLITT
15. THE FOUNDER OF KNIGHT SCHOOL OF POETRY – MARLOWE
16. THE FOUNDER OF METAPHYSICAL SCHOOL OF POETRY – JOHN DONNE
17. THE FOUNDER OF LAKE SCHOOL OF POETRY – WORDSWORTH
18. THE FOUNDER OF SAITANIK SCHOOL OF POETRY – LORD BYRON
19. THE FOUNDER OF CHAUCER SOCIETY – FURNIVALL
20. THE FOUNDER OF SHAKESPEAREAN SOCEITY – STEELE
21. THE FOUNDER OF SONNET – PETRARCH
22. THE FOUNDER OF’THE CLUB’ – JOHNSON
23. THE FOUNDER OF SOCIETY FOR PURE ENGLISH – ROBERT BRIDGES
24. FOUNDER OF NEW SHAKESPEAREAN SOCIETY – FURNIVALL
25. FOUNDER OF THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY – BALEVATSKY
26. FOUNDER OF T.G. GRAMMAR – NOAM CHOMSKY
27. FOUNDER OF SHELLY SOCIETY – STEELE\
28. FOUNDER OF TOUCHSTONE METHOD – MATHEW ARNOLD
29. FOUNDER OF PSYCHO-ANALYSIS – SIGMUND FREUD
30. FATHER OF PLAGIRIST – CHAUCER
31. FATHER OF PRE-RAPHELITE MOVEMENT – D.G. ROSSETTI
32. PRINCE OF PLAGIRIST – SHAKESPEARE
33. FATHER OF GOTHIC NOVELS – HORACE WALPOLE
34. FATHER OF ENGLISH DRAMA – CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE
35. MORNING STAR OF ENGLISH DRAMA – CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE
36. MORNING STAR OF REFORMATION – WYCLIFF
37. CHILD OF RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION – SPENSER
38. FOUNDER OF BRITISH SCHOOL OF LINGUISTICS – J.R. FIRTH
39. FOUNDER OF PRAMASAMAJ – DEVENDRANATH TAGORE
40. AUTHORISED VERISON OF THE BIBLE- KING JAMES I
41. EXPONENTS OF TRAGIC COMEDY – SHAKESPEARE
42. EXPONENT OF EPISTOLARY NOVEL – SAMUEL RICHARDSON
43. EXPONENT OF SPRUNG RHYTHM – G.M. HOPKINS
44. EXPONENT OF SOCIAL ESSAYS – FRANCIS BACON
45. EXPONENT OF REGIONAL NOVELS – THOMAS HARDY
46. EXPONENT OF DOMESTIC NOVELS – JANE AUSTEN
47. EXPONENT OF DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE – ROBERT BROWNING
48. EXPONENT OF PRACTICAL CRITICISM – I.A. RICHARDS
49. FATHER OF ENGLISH CRITICISM – DRYDEN
50. FATHER OF AMERICAN POETRY – WILLIAM CULLER BRYANT
51. MOVEMENT OF POETS COINED – J.D. SCOTT
52. INTRODUCER OF BLANK VERSE – EARL OF SURREY
53. INTRODUCER OF FREE VERSE – WALT WHITMAN
54. INTRODUCER OF LIMARIC – EDWARD LEAR
55. FOUNDER OF ‘JOURNAL’ – SHELLEY
56. INTRODUCER OF SONNET – WYATT
57. STRUCTURALISM ASSOCIATED WITH – FERDINAND DE SAUSSURE
58. AMBIGUITY ASSOCIATED WITH – WILLIAM EMPSON
59. ARCHITYPE ASSOCIATED WITH – NORTHROP FRYE
60. LIBIDO & PSYCHO-ANALYSIS ASSOCIATED WITH – C.G. JUNG
61. THE BARD OF AVAN KNOWN AS – SHAKESPEARE
62. SAGE OF CONCORD – EMERSON
63. THE FIRST LEXICOGRAPHER – SAMUEL JOHNSON
64. INTRODUCER OF THE TERZA RHYMA(RIMA) – SHELLEY
65. INTRODUCER OF PRINTING PRESS IN ENGLAND – WILLIAM CAXTON
66. INVENTED OF PRINTING PRESS – JOHN GUTTENSBURG
67. THE WELL OF ENGLISH POETRY – CHAUCER
68. THE PRE-CURSORS OF ENGLISH NOVEL – ADDISON & STEELE
69. TWENTIETH CENTURY DRYDEN KNOWN AS – T.S. ELIOT
70. FOUNDER OF COCKNEY SCHOOL OF POETRY – HAZLITT
71. FOUNDER OF GRAVEYARD SCHOOL OF POETRY – THOMAS GRAY
72. THE ‘GENTLE’WRITER KNOWN AS – CHARLES LAMB
73. PROMINENT MEMBER OF ROYAL SOCIETY – JOHN DRYDEN
74. METAPHYSICAL WORD COINED BY – JOHNSON
75. METAPHYSICS WORD COINED BY – DRYDEN
76. FATHER OF MODERN DRAMA – EUGENE O NEIL
77. FATHER OF SHORT STORY – EDGAR ALLAN POE
78. FOUNDER OF IRISH THEATRE MOVEMENT –w W.B. YEATS

79. THE TRANSITION PERIOD FAMOUS FOR – THOMAS GRAY
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NET SET English
This group has been created for lover of literature and those candidate who are preparing UGC Net and Set Examination.
https://t.me/UGCNETSET
List of One Word Substitutions – 1

Words for various fields of study

🎓Printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth surface
Lithography

🎓Mapping of earth and its formation
Geography

🎓Art related to ornate, good handwriting
Calligraphy

🎓Scientific study of bodily diseases
Pathology

🎓Study of birds
Ornithology

🎓Study of celestial bodies
Astronomy

🎓Study of  collection of coins, tokens, paper money etc.
Numismatics

🎓Study of earth and rocks
Geology

🎓Study of election trends
Psephology

🎓Study of flying aero planes
Aviation

🎓Study of handwriting
Graphology

🎓Study of hereditary, genes and variation in living organisms
Genetics

🎓Study of human development
Anthropology

🎓Study of languages
Philology

🎓Study of living things
Biology

🎓Study of religion
Theology

🎓Study of science of insects
Entomology

🎓Study of sound and sound waves
Acoustics

🎓Study of the influence of planets and stars on human events
Astrology

🎓Study of the law of the flow of water and other liquids
Hydraulics

🎓Study of the relation between the organism and their environment
Ecology

🎓Study of various aspects of aging
Gerontology

🎓The science of time order
Chronology

🎓Study of religion
Theology

🎓The science of human development
Anthropology
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MCQs:
1. Chaucer served in the English army under which king ?
(a) Henry iii
(b) Edward ii
(c) Edward iii
(d) Richard ii

2. Which of the tale tellers has a conspicuous hairy wart ?
(a)The coachman
(b) The miller
(c) The tailor
(d) The weaver

3. How many plays did William Shakespeare write ?
(a) 36
(b) 37
(c) 38
(d) 39

4. The line " to be or not to be " comes from which play ?
(a) Macbeth
(b) twelfth night
(c) A midsummer Night's dream
(d) Hamlet

5. Which famous Shakespearean play does the quote,
" my salad days, when I was green in judgment"
come from ?
(a) antony and cleopatra
(b) hamlet
(c) The winter's tale
(d) The merry wives of Windsor

6. In what year was the first Folio published ?
(a) 1626
(b) 1621
(c) 1623
(d) 1629

7. Which river is associated with Shakespeare's birth ?
(a) The Thames
(b) The Avon
(c) The Tyburn
(d) The seven

8. In 1613, The Globe theater burned down during a production of which play ?
(a) king John
(b) Richard II
(c) Henry viii
(d) Henry V

9. Who among these characters says this
"it is no sin to deceive a Christian?"
(a) shylock
(b) Shakespeare
(c) Barabus
(d) Jew of Malta

10. Pick the place where Twelfth Night has been set ?
(a) Kingdom of Denmark
(b) Kingdom of illyria
(c) Venice
(d) Beach Island

11. Gratiano and Nerrissa are the characters in ?
(a) house of fame
(b) merchant of Venice
(c) king Lear
(d) Othello

12. " HORATIO I AM DEAD " find the literary device employed here ?
(a) prolepsis
(b) anagnorisis
(c) hamartia
(d) aporia

13. In " Tempest " who attempts to rape Miranda ?
(a) ferdinand
(b) caliban
(c) trinculo
(d) alonso

14. " Ripeness is all " occurs in ?
(a) hamlet
(b) king Lear
(c) Macbeth
(d) Othello

15. " Full Fathom five thy father lies " where do we find these lines ?
(a) A midsummer night's dream
(b) A winter's tale
(c) The taming of the shrew
(d) The Tempest

16. " Readiness is all " occurs in ?
(a) Julius Caesar
(b) Othello
(c) Macbeth
(d) Hamlet

17. Whom did Charles lamb call " a prose Shakespeare" ?
(a) Thomas heywood
(b) Thomas Middleton
(c) Thomas dekker
(d) Thomas kyd

18. Who is called the dickens of Elizabethan age ?
(a) Thomas heywood
(b) John Marston
(c) Thomas dekker
(d) George Chapman

19. Who coined the phrase "Marlowe's mighty line" ?
(a) Samuel Johnson
(b) Ben Johnson
(c) Mathew Arnold
(d) Richard Steele

20. Which play of Shakespeare is a " conversation play " ?
(a) measure for measure
(b) much ado about nothing
(c) Twelfth night
(d) All's well that ends well

21. " Life of Shakespeare " is written by ?
(a) Sidney Lee
(b) Philip Sidney
(c) Marlowe
(d) spencer

22. Who completed Christopher Marlowe's " Hero and Leander " ?
(a) Ben Johnson
(b) Shakespeare
(c) Chapman
(d) heywood

23. In which tale of Chaucer, a daughter is killed by her father ?
(a) The monk's tale
(b) The physician's tale
(c) The friar's tale
(d) The clerk's tale

24. In whose story, the character of Griselda appear ?
(a) The clerk's tale
(b) The Reeve's tale
(c) The miller's tale
(d) The friar's tale

25. Who is known as the Chaucer of Scotland ?
(a) William Dunbar
(b) Robert Henryson
(c) John lydgate
(d) Gavin Douglas

26. The schoolmaster by Roger Ascham is a/an ?
(a) morality play
(b) human ideal
(c) educational treatise
(d) all of the above

27. Who is known as the connecting link between Chaucer and Spenser ?
(a) Henry Howard
(b) Thomas Sackville
(c) Roger Ascham
(d) Sir Thomas Wyatt

28. When did the Great fire of London take place ?
(a) 1610
(b) 1606
(c) 1640
(d) 1666

29. Chaucer was called " the earliest of the Great moderns" and was also called, " The morning star of the Renaissance ". Who initiated these remarks ?
(a) Kittredge
(b) Hudson
(c) Albert
(d) Pope

30. Which literary form, developed in the fifteenth century, personified vices and virtues ?
(a) The short story
(b) The heroic epic
(c) The morality play

31.
What was the duration of hundred year's war ?
(a) 1300 to 1350
(b) 1337 to 1453
(c) 1302 to 1343
(d) 1337 to 1437

32. In which year Chaucer was imprisoned by the French ?
(a) 1360
(b) 1357
(c) 1378
(d) 1385

33. " All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand " line is taken from ?
(a) act ii scene i
(b) act v scene i
(c) act iii scene ii
(d) act iv scene iii

34. We suddenly see England, " a noble and puissant nation, rousing herself like a strong man after sleep and shaking her invincible locks ".
This statement is associated with ?
(a) Shakespeare
(b) Queen Elizabeth
(c) Milton
(d) Ben Johnson

35. Edmund Spenser's only prose work is ?
(a) Shepherd's Calender
(b) The Faerie Queene
(c) view of the state of Ireland
(d) Colin clouts come home again

36. Real Bible is written in ?
(a) Latin
(b) English
(c) Hebrew
(d) Dutch
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