Toni Morrison.!!
😥😥😢😢😥😥
• Toni Morrison was born in Lorain, Ohio on 18February1931.
• She learned English and classics at Howard University and completed master’s program in literature at Cornell University.
• She was an American novelist, essayist, editor, teacher and professor at Princeton University.
• Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993.
• She is the first African-American woman to win a Nobel Prize
• She got the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award in 1988 for her novel “Beloved”.
• She was honored with the 1996 National Book Foundation's Medal of Distinguished Contribution to American Letters.
• President Barack Obama presented Morrison with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
• She received the PEN/Saul Bellow Award for Achievement in American Fiction IN 2016.
• Morrison’s first novel, The Bluest Eye was published in 1970.
• In 1975, Morrison's second novel “Sula” (1973) was published.
• “Sula” is about a friendship between two black women.
• The novel Sula was nominated for the National Book Award.
• Her third novel, “Song of Solomon” (1977), brought her national acclaim.
• Morrison's first play was “Dreaming Emmett”.
• Her novel, “Beloved” was inspired by the true story of Margaret Garner, an enslaved African-American woman.
• Morrison wrote 11 novels.
• Her first book of literary criticism was “Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination” (1992), it is an examination of the African-American presence in white American literature.
• Morrison wrote books for children with her younger son, Slade Morrison.
• Morrison's novel Home was half-completed when her son Slade Morrison died.
• She completed Home and dedicated it to her son Slade Morrison.
• In 2011, she received an Honorary Doctor of Letters Degree from Rutgers University.
• Morrison focused on the experience of women within the black community in her works.
• Her books were both critical and commercial successes.
• Her novels appeared regularly on The New York Times best-seller list
• Morrison died after a short illness on 5August 2019 at Montefiore Medical Center.
• She died at the age of 88.
• Her different accomplishments have placed her in an enduring place in literary history.
🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

Net exam arranged in December and application date released

NTA will activate UGC NET application form 2019 link for December session from 9th September 2019.

The last date to apply online for UGC NET December 2019 session is 9th October 2019.

Emailing FileHandler (1)-2.pdf

Public notice of NTA NET 2019 December👆👆

🌹🌹🌹Middlemarch by George Eliot 🌹🌹🌹
What are the names of Mr. Brooke's estate and parish?
THE GRANGE, TIPTON✅
FRESHITT, MIDDLEMARCH
LOWICK, MIDDLEMARCH
STONE COURT, LOWICK
2.Dorothea's two suitors at the beginning of the novel are:
CASAUBON AND SIR JAMES✅
CASAUBON AND LYDGATE
LYDGATE AND FAREBROTHER
NED PLYMDALE AND SIR JAMES CHETTAM
3.While in Rome, Casaubon is asked to sit for a portrait of which renowned philosopher?
SIR THOMAS MORE
DAVINCI
THOMAS AQUINAS✅
VOLTAIRE
4.The name of the paper that Mr. Brooke purchases is:
THE TRUMPET
THE TRIBUNE
THE TIMES
THE PIONEER✅
5.Which historical event is not referenced in Middlemarch?
THE DEATH OF GEORGE IV
THE REFORM BILL OF 1832
THE CHOLERA OF 1832
THE RISE OF QUEEN VICTORIA✅
6.Which of these men seeks to carry out Dorothea's plans for local social improvement?
SIR JAMES✅
CASAUBON
LYDGATE
WILL LADISLAW
7.The name of Casaubon's life's work is:
KEY TO ALL MYTHOLOGIES✅
THE PROGRESS OF HISTORY
UNDERSTANDING WORLD RELIGIONS
GUIDE TO ALL KNOWLEDGE
8.Upon Mr. Featherstone's death, who receives his entire estate?
CALEB GARTH
MRS. WAULE, NEE FEATHERSTONE
MR. RIGG✅
FRED VINCY
9Mr. Vincy, Rosamond's father, holds the position of:
TOWN MAYOR✅
COURT JUDGE
TOWN DEPUTY
PARLIAMENTARY REPRESENTATIVE
10What happens when Fred cannot pay his 160 pound gambling debt?
FEATHERSTONE PAYS THE FULL AMOUNT OF THE DEBT
HE LOSES HIS HORSE
HIS FATHER IS FORCED TO PAY
CALEB GARTH AND HIS FAMILY PAY IT✅
11In the contest for Hospital chaplain under Bulstrode, who wins the position?
MR. TYKE✅
MR. FAREBROTHER
FRED VINCY
MR. CASAUBON'S PARISH PASTOR
12Who does Dorothea meet on her honeymoon to Rome?
WILL LADISLAW✅
SIR JAMES
MR. TYKE
LYDGATE
13The first person that Lydgate cures in Middlemarch is:
MR. CASAUBON
FRED VINCY✅
FEATHERSTONE
DOROTHEA
14What is the name of the local gambling den that Fred and Lydgate visit?
THE ROYAL ARMS
THE MONEY POT
THE GREEN DRAGON✅
THE LUCKY CLOVER
15Dorothea's favorite portrait in her sitting room at Lowick is of:
WILL'S GRANDMOTHER JULIA✅
CASAUBON'S MOTHER
WILL LADISLAW
HER SISTER CELIA
16What does Featherstone tell Mary to do before he dies?
READ TO HIM
BURN ONE OF HIS WILLS✅
TELL FRED HIS LAST WORDS
TAKE A GIFT OF MONEY
17Which occupation does Fred fear that he will have to pursue?
THE CLERGY✅
THE LAW
BUSINESS
MEDICINE
18Which of these is NOT a reason why Rosamond decides to marry Lydgate?
HE HAS WEALTHY, INFLUENTIAL RELATIVES
HE IS VERY ATTENTIVE AND FLATTERING TO HER
HIS MEDICAL PRACTICE INTERESTS HER✅
HE IS NOT A MIDDLEMARCH NATIVE
19Most wealthy residents of Middlemarch support which political party?
THE CONSERVATIVE PARTY✅
THE WHIG PARTY
THE INDEPENDENT PARTY
THE LIBERAL PARTY
20The editor of Mr. Brooke's newspaper is:
NAUMANN
FRED VINCY
WILL LADISLAW✅
FAREBROTHER

21.Which of these estates does Caleb Garth NOT manage in the course of the novel?
STONE COURT
FRESHITT
THE GRANGE
THE SHRUBS✅

22
Who buys Stone Court from Mr. Rigg?
MR. BULSTRODE✅
DOROTHEA
THE VINCYS
SIR JAMES

23.Lydgate becomes closely associated with which influential Middlemarch public figure?
MR. VINCY
MR. BROOKE
MR. FAREBROTHER
MR. BULSTRODE✅

24.Which upper-class Middlemarcher fails in his attempt to win public office?
BULSTRODE✅
MR. VINCY
CASAUBON
MR. BROOKE

25.Who are the two preachers at Lowick during the course of the book?
FAREBROTHER AND TYKE
CASAUBON AND FAREBROTHER✅
FRED VINCY AND TYKE
BULSTRODE AND FAREBROTHER

1. When was "Jude the Obscure" first published?
(a) 2006.
(b) 1936.
(c) 1896.✅
(d) 1996.

2. What job does Mr. Phillotson have when he is first introduced into the text?
(a) Butcher.
(b) Banker.
(c) Mayor.
(d) Schoolmaster.✅

3. Where does the novel first take place when it begins?
(a) Paris.
(b) Marygreen.✅
(c) Christminster.
(d) London.

4. What is Jude's full name?
(a) Jude Funton.
(b) Jude Phillotson.
(c) Jude Fawley.✅
(d) No one knows; he is always referred to as "Jude the Obscure."

5. When is Jude going to school when the novel first begins?
(a) In the morning.✅
(b) At night.
(c) All of these answers are correct.
(d) All day.

6. What kind of business does Jude's aunt run?
(a) A hospital.
(b) A bakery.✅
(c) A pub.
(d) A library.

7. Where do Jude and his aunt live when he is young?
(a) They drift from place to place.
(b) In the bakery.✅
(c) In the church basement.
(d) In the backhouse of someone's farm.

8. What is Jude's first job when he is younger?
(a) To beg for food and money.
(b) To scare away the birds from a farmer's field.✅
(c) To shine shoes.
(d) To simply stay out of trouble.

🌹🌹🌹 The Spanish Tragedy Quiz🌹🌹🌹 1.Who was Don Andrea?
A PORTUGUESE NOBLEMAN
A PORTUGUESE COURTIER
A SPANISH COURTIER✅
A SPANISH GENERAL
2.Who killed Don Andrea?
ALEXANDRO
BALTHAZAR✅
HORATIO
THE PORTUGUESE VICEROY
3.Who performed Andrea's last rites?
BELLIMPERIA
BALTHAZAR
LORENZO
HORATIO✅
4.Which of the judges of Hades sends Andrea to see Pluto?
MINOS✅
RHADAMANTH
AECUS
PROSERPINE
5.Who passes Andrea's final judgment?
MINOS
REVENGE
PROSERPINE✅
PLUTO
6.Through which gate do Andrea and Revenge pass to leave the underworld?
THE GATES OF GOLD
THE GATES OF IVORY
THE GATES OF IRON
THE GATES OF HORN✅
7.What does Revenge predict in the induction to the play?
HORATIO WILL BE KILLED BY LORENZO
THE DUKE OF CASTILE WILL DIE
HIERONIMO WILL KILL BALTHAZAR
BELLIMPERIA WILL KILL BALTHAZAR✅
8.What does the King reward the Spanish General with?
NOTHING
TEN DUCATS
HIS CHAIN✅
HIS SWORD
9.What is the official status between Portugal and Spain, according to the Spanish General?
NO OFFICIAL STATUS
CONTINUED BELLIGERENCE
PEACE CONDITIONAL✅
PEACE
10.What is the reward that the King grants each soldier?
TEN DUCATS
TWO DUCATS✅
A GRAM OF GOLD
A CHAIN
11.Who brings Balthazar to see the King?
THE SPANISH GENERAL
HORATIO ALONE
LORENZO ALONE
LORENZO AND BALTHAZAR✅
12.Who is Balthazar?
LORENZO'S BROTHER
THE PORTUGUESE VICEROY'S SON✅
A PORTUGUESE NOBLEMAN
A FORMER SPANISH COURTIER
13.Who gets custody of Balthazar?
LORENZO✅
THE DUKE OF CASTILE
HIERONIMO
HORATIO
14.What official title does Hieronimo hold?
GENERAL
NONE
CAPTAIN
MARSHALL✅
15.Who receives the reward for capturing Balthazar?
LORENZO ONLY
HORATIO ONLY
THE REWARD IS BURIED WITH ANDREA'S BODY
BOTH HORATIO AND LORENZO✅
16.What does the Viceroy lament above all when he first appears on stage?
HIS SON'S DEATH✅
PORTUGAL'S DEFEAT
THE DEATH OF HIS GENERAL
THE LOSS OF PORTUGAL'S FORTUNES
17.What does Villuppo claim that Alexandro did?
HE ATTEMPTED TO FLEE THE BATTLEFIELD
HE SHOT ANDREA IN BATTLE
HE STABBED BALTAZAR IN THE BACK
HE SHOT BALTHAZAR IN THE BACK✅
18.On what basis does Viceroy confirm Villuppo's accusation against Alexandro?
BASED ON HIS IMAGINATION
BASED ON HIS DREAM✅
BASED ON WHAT HE SAW IN BATTLE
BASED ON A SOLDIER'S CLAIM
19.What gesture does the Viceroy make when he accuses Alexandro of treachery?
HE SLAMS HIS SCEPTER ON THE GROUND
HE THRUSTS HIS SWORD IN THE AIR
HE TAKES OFF HIS CROWN AND PUTS IT BACK ON✅
HE THROWS HIS CHAIN AT ALEXANDRO
20.For what does Villuppo betray Alexandro?
FOR A REWARD✅
FOR REVENGE
FOR THE SAKE OF PURE VILLAINY
FOR FAME
21.What does Horatio retrieve from Andrea's corpse?
A SWORD
A CHAIN
A PORTRAIT
A SCARF✅
22.To what does Horatio attribute Andrea's fall in battle?
BALTHAZAR'S STRENGTH
PURE CIRCUMSTANCE
ANDREA'S WEAKNESS
THE GODDESS NEMESIS'S INTERVENTION✅
23.What does Bellimperia drop that Horatio picks up?
A GLOVE✅
A SCARF
A RING
A DIAMOND
24.Who orchestrates the first masque?
A CLOWN
HIERONIMO✅
THE DUKE
LORENZO
25.What does the first masque represent?
THREE KNIGHTS CONQUERING THREE KINGS✅
THREE KINGS EXCHANGING THEIR COAT OF ARMS
THREE KNIGHTS SUBMITTING TO THREE KINGS
THREE KNIGHTS FIGHTING EACH OTHER

NTA-NET SET English
This group has been created for lover of literature and those candidate who are preparing UGC Net and Set Examination.
https://t.me/UGCNETSET

"To His Coy Mistress" by Andrew Marvell
Analysis & CRITICAL APPRECIATION:
Analysis:
To His Coy Mistress has been rightly lauded as a small masterpiece of a poem, primarily because it packs so much into a relatively small space. It manages to carry along on simple rhyming couplets the complex passions of a male speaker, hungry for sexual liason with a lady, before all devouring time swallows them up.
Lines 1 - 20
The argument begins with an appeal to the coy mistress based on the idea that, if time and space were limitless, they could spend their days in leisure, she by the exotic Ganges river for instance, he by the ebb and flow of the Humber.
Sex needn't be a priority in this fantasy world. The speaker's ironic tone even allows for his love of the lady a decade before the old testament flood, and she could say no to his advances up to the time when the Jews convert to Christianity - which would never ever happen of course.
· This tongue-in-cheek allusion to religious notions of the end of the world, plus the underlying urges for physical intimacy, have been too much for certain Christian groups and others in more modern times. They would like the poem to be banned from being taught in school, claiming that it would negatively influence their children and that it condones predatory male behaviour.
Years he would spend growing his love, like a vegetable grows slowly, rooted and strong, in the earth. And he could bide his time admiring her physical beauty - her eyes, forehead, breasts and other parts.
This imaginary scenario is a clever and slightly ludicrous set up. He is clearly in awe of her body and totally wants her heart but because she refuses to comply he introduces this idea of a timeless, boundless love. Time becomes a metaphor for love but is little more than a limitless resource.
Lines 21 - 32
But all of the previous means nothing because the reality is that the clock is ticking louder and louder. Time is flying. And then one day you find ten years have got behind you, no one told you when to run, you missed the starting gun. Don't look over your shoulder. Don't look ahead either because there is a vast desert - eternity.
The speaker's tone starts to alter, becoming more serious. The future isn't that bright - her beauty will be lost in the sands of time - even worse, when she's dead and buried only the worms will experience what he presently longs for. What a challenging image.
And there are some who think quaint honour is an obscure reference to the female private parts (quaint was used as a noun in pre-Elizabethan times). He too will perish, consumed by his own passion, nothing but a pile of ash.
The last couplet of this section is perhaps the most quoted and puts a seal on the message: Let's make love while we're still alive.
Lines 33 - 46
The final part of this poem concentrates on the rational summing up of what's gone before. Note the first two words: Now therefore,..it's as if the speaker is saying, Look I've given you two quite valid reasons for you to succumb, consequently this final effort will make you see sense.
Never has an adverb carried so much weight.
And the speaker has clearly thrown out the fantasies and wishes of the previous scenes. Gone are space and time and death, in their place is the all-consuming present. Just look at the use of the word now (3 times in lines 33-38), suggesting that the speaker cannot wait a second longer for his postponed fulfilment.
The emphasis is on the physical - skin, sport, roll and tear - the language being tinged with aggression and forceful energy.
· Line 34 is controversial as many later versions change the word glew for dew whereas in the original it is definitely glew. So the poet used this word to further the image of youthfulness, as line 33 imparts. The word glew, now archaic, could be the old fashioned word for today's glue but this wouldn't make sense in the context of the couplet: Sits on thy skin like morning glue,; what makes better sense is to look for variants of either glow or glee - we still say the skin glows but do not often say the skin is

happy. Her skin has a morning glow.
· As the lines progress the intensity increases, the passion starts to burn, and when the images of two birds of prey emerge, devouring time (instead of the other way round) the reader is surely taken beyond mere pleasures of the flesh.
Some think the poet is using the symbols of alchemy to express the deep lying sexual chemistry implied in the second unusual image, that of a ball of sweetness to signify the union of male and female.
The iron gates could well be the barrier, the threshold, through which the speaker wishes to emerge. He sets the imperative. If they come together then who knows what will happen? Common sense and the logic of time will no longer dictate their lives.
===========================================
Metre (Meter in USA)
This poem has a dominant 8 syllable, four beat rhythm to the majority of lines - iambic tetrameter - but there are lines that deviate from this familiar, steady constant.
· First, the iambic tetrameter, for example, line 2 :
This coyness, lady, were no crime. (regular da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM)
· Then there is the three stressed ending to line 4:
To walk, and pass our long Love's day. (spondee at the end DUM-DUM)
· And the altered beat of lines 1 and 3:
Had we but world enough, and time (first foot is a trochee DUM-da)
We would sit down and think which way
And there are varied beats in lines 21/22 and 23/24.
These varied beats in certain lines tend to alter the pace and emphasis, and together with a mix of punctuation, colons, semi-colons, commas and full stops, not forgetting enjambment and repetition, makes the syntax particularly suitable for conveying a sense of momentum and familiarity.
To His Coy Mistress is a 46 line single stanza, split into three sections. Some modern versions available online show 3 distinct stanzas but the original is indeed one stanza with indented lines at 21 and 33.
Rhyme Scheme
The rhyming couplets are mostly full end rhyme, aabbccdd and so on, which shows a tight knit relationship. Only lines 23/24 and 27/28 are imperfect - with slant rhyme, lie/eternity and try/virginity.
Alliteration
There are several examples: we would, long Love's, An age at, love at lower, while thy willing, Thus, though, Stand still, we will. Alliteration brings texture and altered phonics to the line and challenges the reader.
===========================================================================
CRITICAL APPRECIATION:
To His Coy Mistress is Andrew Marvell's best known poem. It focuses on the lustful desires of a man attempting to entice a female virgin, the mistress, into sexual intimacy.
The poem is a tour de force, and has come to be known as a seduction poem or carpe diem (seize or pluck the day) poem. Wit, allusion and metaphor are all employed in what is a syllogism - a logical argument - that can be summed up in a short phrase: Life is too short, let's get it on before you and I decay.
It was first published in 1681, in Miscellaneous Poems, three years after the death of the author.
Marvell is known today as one of the metaphysical poets (alongside such names as John Donne, Henry Vaughan, George Herbert and Richard Crashaw) because he wrote on subjects such as man's place in the universe, existence, love and religion.
To His Coy Mistress is a clever, well structured poem, a dramatic monologue in effect, the speaker progressing logically through the stages of persuasion in an effort to turn the lady's head and heart.
He wants to deflower her before it's too late. Basically his argument goes like this:
· If they had all the time in the world at their disposal then everything would be fine and he needn't have to press her for a sexual liason. But, hey, has she noted that there's no time to lose?
· Before them is eternity, a vast desert where they'll both turn to dust and ashes in the grave. Beauty will die. Not a very pleasant prospect. Lust turns to disgust. And Time flies.
· Let's devour time before it devours us. The instinct drives birds of prey, why not us; let's strike while the iron's hot, create a ball of passion and tak