I am not sure how to answer but, like I started with arduino which is using C++ and have been coding since covid mainly with it. I guess that's why I just take any pdf or info I get. about any tech from hardwares like radio, electromagnetism, motors, robotics, animatronics , drones and so to softwares from encryption, kernels, security apps, games and so I dipped my self every where. and there is a bit low level in each. I sometimes invest in one thing go to deep and some times like a month or so.
Tetstack
I don't vibe code most of the time but there are projects like the AUR-scanner which I build at that time, I don't really know python that much but you know had to make a tool for the attack back then. it misses a lot of stuff but was better then doing nothing
I really have no idea, on what to build for your graduation project. I mean it depends on you and the research you do.