علينا ألا نقلل من حلم أي إنسان مهما كان. فمن نراه شخصا بسيطا اليوم ربما يكون شخصا مدهشا وبديعا في الغد. لنتذكر أن الورود كانت بذورا.
@Surgery_Practice
@Surgery_Practice
❤7👍2
1. ‘Peau-d-orange’ appearance of the mammary skin is due to:
Anonymous Quiz
24%
a. Intra-epithelial cancer
26%
b. Sub-epidermal cancer
48%
c. Lymphatic permeation
2%
d. Vascular embolisation
2. Which is the most conspicuous sign in breast cancer?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
A. Nipple retraction
30%
b. Peau-d ’orange
13%
c. Puckering
53%
d. Both nipple retraction and puckering
3. Blood stained nipple discharge is seen commonly in:
Anonymous Quiz
8%
a. Breast abscess
5%
b. Fibroadenoma
83%
c. Ductal papilloma
5%
d. Fat necrosis of breast
4. Green discharge is most commonly seen with:
Anonymous Quiz
10%
a. Duct papilloma
53%
b. Duct ectasia
18%
c. Retention cyst
20%
d. Fibroadenosis
5. Triple assessment for Breast carcinoma includes:
Anonymous Quiz
30%
a. History, clinical examination and mammogram
15%
b. History, clinical examination and FNAC
8%
c. USG, mammogram and FNAC
48%
d. Clinical examination, mammogram and FNAC
6. Best diagnostic method for breast lump is:
Anonymous Quiz
5%
a. USG
37%
b. Mammogram
51%
c. Biopsy
7%
d. FNAC
7. A 45-years old woman presents with a hard and mobile lump in the breast. Next investigation is:
Anonymous Quiz
8%
a. FNAC
21%
b. USG
53%
c. Mammography
18%
d. Excision biopsy
8. A female patient present with a hard mobile lump in her right breast. Which investigation would be most helpful in making the diagnosis?
Anonymous Quiz
21%
a. FNAC
18%
b. Needle biopsy
29%
c. Excision biopsy
32%
d. Mammography
9. Most sensitive imaging for ductal carcinoma in situ of breast is:
Anonymous Quiz
37%
a. Mammography
45%
b. MRI
5%
c. PET
13%
d. USG
10. All of the following are indications for MRI in breast carcinoma except:
Anonymous Quiz
30%
a. Microcalcification
14%
b. High-risk cases
19%
c. Breast implant patients
38%
d. Lobular carcinoma in situ
11. Investigation of choice for high risk breast cancer in female is:
Anonymous Quiz
26%
a. MRI
24%
b. CT -PET
37%
c. Mammography
13%
d. USG
12. In which of the following type of breast carcinoma, would you consider biopsy of opposite breast?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
a. Adenocarcinoma poorly differentiated
28%
b. Medullary carcinoma
39%
c. Lobular carcinoma
19%
d. Comedo carcinoma
13. Most common presentation of lobular carcinoma breast is:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
a. Nipple discharge
43%
b. Breast mass
19%
c. Mammographic calcification
22%
d. Nipple retraction
14. Premalignant lesion with high-risk for malignancy:
Anonymous Quiz
74%
a. Atypical ductal hyperplasia
5%
b. Sclerosing adenosis
18%
c. Duct ectasia
3%
d. Papilloma
15. All of the following are true about tumors associated with BRCA-1 except:
Anonymous Quiz
13%
a. Hormone receptor positive
34%
b. Poorly differentiated
37%
c. On Chromosome 17
16%
d. Early age of onset
👍1
🔴Hydatid Liver Disease
▪︎Liver Infection Caused By The Tapeworm (Echinococcus Granulosus Or Multinodularis) That Lives in Dog's Bowel Then Pass To (Cattle & Sheep & Goats & Camels) Then Ingested By The Humans To Pass Through The Portal Blood To The Liver
▪︎Results in Slow Growing Liver Cyst (Infection From Childhood Then Symptoms At Adulthood)
▪︎Common in Middle East (Specially Near Farms مناطق ريفية ومزارعين)
▪︎Liver Most Commonly Involved (Mostly Invade The Right Lobe Of The Liver)
▪︎Lung 2nd Most commonly involved (Mostly Invade Lower Right Lobes)
▪︎Can Invade Any Other Organs (Brain/Pancreas/Adrenals)
🔹Cyst Structure
📍1. Pericyst (Adventitia) ➡️ The Outer Wall Of The Cyst That Formed Due To Inflammatory Reaction To The Parasite
📍2. Laminated Membrane (Ectocyst) ➡️ The Middle Layer Of The Cyst
📍3. Inner Germinal Layer (EndoCyst) ➡️ The Internal Layer Of The Cyst That Contains Viable Parasites & Gives The Daughter Cysts Or Brood Capsule (That Gives ProtoScolices)
🔹Cyst Classification
📍1. Active Group ➡️ Cyst >2cm & Fertile
📍2. Transition Group ➡️ Cyst Start To Degenerate Due To Tx Or Host Immunity
📍3. Inactive Group ➡️ Degenerated & Partially Or Totally Calcified Cyst
🔹Clinical Features & Complications
1. Asymptomatic
2. Chronic Dull RUQ Pain (Due To Stretching Of Liver Capsule)
3. Gradually Enlarging Painful Mass in RUQ
4. Severe Abdominal Pain & Peritonitis After Minor Trauma (Due To Cyst Rupture)
5. Anaphylactic Shock (Due To Cyst Rupture)
6. Obstructive Jaundice Or Acute Cholangitis (Due To Cyst Communication Or Rupture into The Biliary Tree)
7. Liver Abscess
8. Pulmonary Symptoms
▪︎Dyspnea
▪︎Coughing White Material
▪︎Chest Pain
▪︎Haemoptysis
▪︎Fever
▪︎Pleural Effusion
▪︎Empyema (Pus in Pleural Cavity)
9. CNS Symptoms
▪︎Unexplained Headache Or Features Of Raised ICP
🔹Dx Of Hydatid
📍1. Clinical Features
📍2. CBC ➡️ Eosinophilia
📍3. Serology (ELISA & Complement Fixation) ➡️ +Ve in 70-90%
📍4. Chest Xray ➡️ Large Thin Walled Cavity Containing Floating Membrane (Water Lily's Sign)
📍5. US ➡️ Multi-Loculated Cyst
📍6. CT (Best) ➡️ Floating Membrane Within The Cyst (Water Lily's Sign)
🔹Mx Of Hydatid
🔶A. Start First Medical Tx
📍1. Albendazole (400mg 2x Daily For 3m)
📍2. Mebendazole
📍3. Praziquantel (20mg/Kg 2x Daily For 14 Days)
🔶B. Then Do Surgical Tx
📍1. Percutaneous Tx (PAIR) ➡️ Done Only If There's No Communication With Biliary Tree
▪︎Cyst Puncture
▪︎Then Content Aspiration
▪︎Then HyperTonic Saline Installation
▪︎Then ReAbsorption
📍2. Liver Lobe Resection (SegmentEctomy)
📍3. Local Cyst Excision (PeriCyctEctomy) With Omentoplasty
📍4. Cyst Deroofing & Evacuation Of The Content
اتطلعوا على التعليقات أسفل المنشور ⬇️
#hydated_cyst #surgery
https://t.me/Surgery_Practice
▪︎Liver Infection Caused By The Tapeworm (Echinococcus Granulosus Or Multinodularis) That Lives in Dog's Bowel Then Pass To (Cattle & Sheep & Goats & Camels) Then Ingested By The Humans To Pass Through The Portal Blood To The Liver
▪︎Results in Slow Growing Liver Cyst (Infection From Childhood Then Symptoms At Adulthood)
▪︎Common in Middle East (Specially Near Farms مناطق ريفية ومزارعين)
▪︎Liver Most Commonly Involved (Mostly Invade The Right Lobe Of The Liver)
▪︎Lung 2nd Most commonly involved (Mostly Invade Lower Right Lobes)
▪︎Can Invade Any Other Organs (Brain/Pancreas/Adrenals)
🔹Cyst Structure
📍1. Pericyst (Adventitia) ➡️ The Outer Wall Of The Cyst That Formed Due To Inflammatory Reaction To The Parasite
📍2. Laminated Membrane (Ectocyst) ➡️ The Middle Layer Of The Cyst
📍3. Inner Germinal Layer (EndoCyst) ➡️ The Internal Layer Of The Cyst That Contains Viable Parasites & Gives The Daughter Cysts Or Brood Capsule (That Gives ProtoScolices)
🔹Cyst Classification
📍1. Active Group ➡️ Cyst >2cm & Fertile
📍2. Transition Group ➡️ Cyst Start To Degenerate Due To Tx Or Host Immunity
📍3. Inactive Group ➡️ Degenerated & Partially Or Totally Calcified Cyst
🔹Clinical Features & Complications
1. Asymptomatic
2. Chronic Dull RUQ Pain (Due To Stretching Of Liver Capsule)
3. Gradually Enlarging Painful Mass in RUQ
4. Severe Abdominal Pain & Peritonitis After Minor Trauma (Due To Cyst Rupture)
5. Anaphylactic Shock (Due To Cyst Rupture)
6. Obstructive Jaundice Or Acute Cholangitis (Due To Cyst Communication Or Rupture into The Biliary Tree)
7. Liver Abscess
8. Pulmonary Symptoms
▪︎Dyspnea
▪︎Coughing White Material
▪︎Chest Pain
▪︎Haemoptysis
▪︎Fever
▪︎Pleural Effusion
▪︎Empyema (Pus in Pleural Cavity)
9. CNS Symptoms
▪︎Unexplained Headache Or Features Of Raised ICP
🔹Dx Of Hydatid
📍1. Clinical Features
📍2. CBC ➡️ Eosinophilia
📍3. Serology (ELISA & Complement Fixation) ➡️ +Ve in 70-90%
📍4. Chest Xray ➡️ Large Thin Walled Cavity Containing Floating Membrane (Water Lily's Sign)
📍5. US ➡️ Multi-Loculated Cyst
📍6. CT (Best) ➡️ Floating Membrane Within The Cyst (Water Lily's Sign)
🔹Mx Of Hydatid
🔶A. Start First Medical Tx
📍1. Albendazole (400mg 2x Daily For 3m)
📍2. Mebendazole
📍3. Praziquantel (20mg/Kg 2x Daily For 14 Days)
🔶B. Then Do Surgical Tx
📍1. Percutaneous Tx (PAIR) ➡️ Done Only If There's No Communication With Biliary Tree
▪︎Cyst Puncture
▪︎Then Content Aspiration
▪︎Then HyperTonic Saline Installation
▪︎Then ReAbsorption
📍2. Liver Lobe Resection (SegmentEctomy)
📍3. Local Cyst Excision (PeriCyctEctomy) With Omentoplasty
📍4. Cyst Deroofing & Evacuation Of The Content
اتطلعوا على التعليقات أسفل المنشور ⬇️
#hydated_cyst #surgery
https://t.me/Surgery_Practice
👍2