Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
Final adjustment of the urine volume and osmolarity depends on:
Anonymous Quiz
77%
The extent of facultative water reabsorption only
4%
The extent of obligatory water reabsorption only.
17%
All of the above.
2%
None of the above.
Which of the ions has the highest concentration in saliva under basal condition
Anonymous Quiz
98%
Bicarbonates
0%
Chloride
0%
Hydrogen
2%
Sodium
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
A 42-year-old healthy man takes a daily multivitamin to complement his diet. Which of the following is required for absorption of the fat- soluble vitamins contained in his supplement?
Anonymous Quiz
2%
Chymotrypsin
18%
Intrinsic factor
8%
Pancreatic amylase
72%
Bile salts
Which of the following processes will be most affected by a partial gastrectomy affecting the proximal third of the stomach?
Anonymous Quiz
90%
Receptive relaxation
5%
Peristalsis
3%
Retropulsion
3%
Segmentation
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
Saliva is characterized by all the following except:
Anonymous Quiz
15%
Has higher K concentration than plasma
64%
Has higher CL concentration than plasma
6%
Contains mucus
14%
Secretion is stimulated by parasympathetic
After a laparoscopic vagotomy a patient experiences nausea and vomiting after ingestion of a mixed meal. Which of the following best explains her symptoms?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
Decreased gastric emptying of liquids
79%
Decreased gastric emptying of solids
5%
Increased gastric emptying of liquids
11%
Increased gastric emptying of solids
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
The esophagogram during a barium swallow shows a dilated esophagus with an area of distal stenosis. These findings are consistent with which of the following diagnoses?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
Diffuse esophageal spasm
9%
GERD
81%
Achalasia
5%
peptic ulcer
Clinical evaluation of 25 year old man reveals a decreased serum calcium and iron concentrations, and microcytic anemia. Inflammation in which area of the GI tract best explains these findings?
Anonymous Quiz
88%
Duodenum
3%
Jejunum
8%
Ileum
3%
Colon
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In the stomach acid output is increased by which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
75%
Alkalinization of the antrum
1%
Vagotomy
12%
Administration of an H2 -receptor antagonist
12%
Acidification of the antrum
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
In infants, defecation often follows a meal, the cause of colonic contraction in this situation is
Anonymous Quiz
8%
Increased circulating levels of CCK
78%
The gastrocolic reflex
3%
Increased circulating levels of somatostatin
11%
The enterogastric reflex
0%
Histamine
Removal of the terminal ileum will most likely result in which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Decreased glucose absorption
24%
Increased bile acid concentration in the enterohepatic circulation
76%
Increased excretion of fatty acids.
0%
Increased iron absorption
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
The consequence of a non-pharmacologically compensated gastrectomy is
Anonymous Quiz
23%
Folate acid deficiency
67%
Cobalamin deficiency
8%
Vitamin B6 deficiency
2%
Vitamin B9 deficiency
In case of pancreatitis. The steatorrhea can be accounted for by a decrease in the intraluminal concentration of which of the following pancreatic enzymes?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Amylase
2%
Chymotrypsin
90%
Lipase
7%
Trypsin
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
Which of the following is true about the secretion from the exocrine pancreas?
Anonymous Quiz
1%
It has a higher Cl- concentration than does plasma
1%
It is stimulated by the presence of HCO3- in the duodenum
9%
Pancreatic HCO3-secretion is increased by gastrin
88%
Pancreatic enzyme secretion is increased by cholecystokinin (CCK)
Which of the following would be expected with contraction of the gallbladder following a meal?
Anonymous Quiz
3%
a. It is inhibited by a fat-rich meal.
0%
b. It is inhibited by the presence of amino acids in the duodenum.
3%
c. It is stimulated by atropine.
95%
It occurs in response to cholecystokinin.
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
A 25-year-old woman develops bilateral facial swelling consistent with parotitis. Which of the following best describes the salivary glands?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
Approximately 4 L of saliva is secreted per day.
8%
Cranial nerve VIII passes through the parotid gland.
76%
Starch digestion begins in the mouth via salivary α-amylase.
4%
The parotid gland is the most mucinous of the salivary glands.
- A 57-year-old man undergoes resection of the distal 100 cm of the terminal ileum as part of treatment for Crohn's disease. The patient likely will develop malabsorption of which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
92%
Bile salts
8%
Iron
0%
Lactose
0%
Protein
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
During the presence of bile in gallbladder, the following occurs:
Anonymous Quiz
3%
Water content of bile is increased
13%
PH of bile is increased
7%
Volume of bile is increased
14%
The cholesterol in bile is decreased
64%
Na concentration of bile is decreased
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
Patient presents with intermittent midepigastric pain.Gastric analysis reveals that basal and maximal acid outputs exceed normal values. The gastric acid hypersecretion can be explained by an increase in the plasma concentration of which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
Cholecystokinin
1%
Somatostatin
90%
Gastrin
5%
Secretin
Which of the following is the primary physiological stimulus of gall- bladder contraction in the digestive period?
Anonymous Quiz
3%
Acid-induced release of secretin from the small intestine
3%
Amino acid-induced release of motilin from the small intestine.
3%
Distension-induced release of glucagon from the small intestine
92%
Fat-induced release of cholecystokinin from the small intestine
Forwarded from Study Partner 196👨🏻⚕️👩🏻⚕️
Which of the following is true about pancreatic secretions?
Anonymous Quiz
9%
CCK causes release of bicarbonate
4%
secretin causes release of enzymes
5%
gastrin stimulates release of enzymes
83%
CCK stimulates release of enzymes while secretin stimulates release of bicarbonate