During an antenatal checkup of a 12 weeks pregnant primigravida, a living fetus with a crown rump length (CRL) corresponding to the menstrual age is detected with nuchal translucency thickness of 6 mm. How can you interpret these data?

A 35-year-old, multipara with previous 3 cesarean sections, 32 weeks pregnant, presents to outpatient clinic for routine antenatal care. Ultrasound reveals low lying anterior wall placenta. How can you counsel this case?

The major cause of the perinatal morbidity and mortality among twin pregnancies is:

The following is considered an alarming sign during labor:

A 30-year-old Pl was delivered with ventouse after prolonged 2nd stage. The baby shows a large well-defined swelling over the parietal bone with clear margins. Most likely diagnosis:

A full term pregnant, obese, P5, presents to ER late in labor with a fully dilated cervix and involuntary bearing down. Head was delivered spontaneously but arrest of shoulder delivery occurred. Best management of this condition is:

The followings are known complications of episiotomy EXCEPT:

A primigravida(PG) undergoes induction of labor with amniotomy followed by oxytocin at 41 weeks. Three hours later, she is getting 6 contractions/10 min, fetal heart rate (FHR) drops to 100/ min. First step in management is:

A 25-year-old, 2ndGPI, in labor. Cervix is 7cm dilated and 80% effaced with recent rupture of membranes. FHR: 120 140/minute but falls occasionally to 100/ minute unrelated to uterine contractions. How can you explain the FHR pattern?

A P1+0 at 34 weeks develops marked pruritus on her palms and soles, with mildly elevated liver enzymes and elevated bile acids. Most probable diagnosis:

A 2ndGP1 comes at 20 weeks' gestation for antenatal care (ANC). She is RH is negative and she did not receive anti-D in the previous pregnancy. How can you proceed?

Questions 24-25: A 35-year-old, G3P2, prev CS, presents at 32 wks with severe headache and
reduced fetal movements. Her BP is 150/90, US reveals asymmetric IUGR, AFI: 3.
24. Which of the following investigations is correlated to her condition?

Possible complications for this case include all the following EXCEPT:

Commonest cause of decreased hemoglobin concentration level during pregnancy?

Which of the following is responsible for morning sickness during pregnancy?

Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by one of the following features:

Concerning pyelonephritis during pregnancy:

An asymptomatic 22-year- old PG presents for ANC. She had had a lower leg thrombosis
3yrs ago when on COCPs. What therapy would you recommend for her condition?

Proteinuria in pregnancy may be due to all the following EXCEPT: