37. THE MOST IMPORTANT MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR CREATING HIGH OSMOLARITY OF MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM IS:
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A. VASA RECTA THAT ACTS AS A COUNTERCURRENT EXCHANGE SYSTEM.
84%
B. LOOP OF HENLE THAT ACTS AS A COUNTERCURRENT MULTIPLIER SYSTEM.
5%
C. PASSIVE DIFFUSION OF LARGE AMOUNT OF UREA INTO THE MEDULLARY INTERSTITIUM.
2%
D. SLUGGISH MEDULLARY BLOOD FLOW
38. A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL WHO IS ON HIGH K DIET EXHIBITS INCREASED K' EXCRETION DUE TO:
Anonymous Quiz
60%
A-INCREASED SECRETION OF K' BY THE DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
22%
B-DECREASED REABSORPTION OF K BY PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULES
7%
C-DECREASED AIDOSTERONE SECRETION
11%
D-INCREASED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE
40. METABOLIC ACIDOSIS OCCURS IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
21%
A- ADDISON'S DISEASE
10%
B-PROLONGED SEVERE DIARRHEA
3%
C-RENAL FAILURE
66%
D-CONN'S DISEASE.
41. AS REGARDS SOMATIC INNERVATION OF URINARY BLADDER:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A-SUPPLIES THE INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER.
4%
B- ORIGINATES FROM L2 SEGMENT OF SPINAL CORD.
89%
C-CONTROLS THE EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER.
4%
D-CAUSES CONTRACTION OF DETRUSOR MUSCLE OF THE BLADDER WALL.
42. THE MICTURITION REFLEX IS TOTALLY ABOLISHED IN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
13%
A-TABES DORSALIS.
8%
B- DESTRUCTION OF THE AFFERENT NERVES OF URINARY BLADDER.
9%
C- DESTRUCTION OF THE EFFERENT NERVES OF URINARY BLADDER.
70%
D-RECOVERY STAGE OF SPINAL SHOCK
44. The lower free border of falciform ligament contains:
Anonymous Quiz
15%
a- Coronary ligament
64%
b- Paraumbilical veins
17%
c- Ligamentum venosum
3%
d- Short gastric vessels
🥰1
43- Concerning the right gastric artery, one is true:
Anonymous Quiz
10%
a- Origin from the celiac trunk
5%
b- It is anastomosing with the left gastro-epiploic artery on lesser curvature of stomach
78%
C-It is distributed mainly to the right part of the lesser curvature
7%
d- It is distributed to the right part of the greater curvature
45. Concerning the spleen, one is correct:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
a- It is separated from the right 5th, 6th, 7th ribs by the diaphragm.
4%
b-It is closely related to the right lobe of liver.
89%
c- The tail of the pancreas and left colic flexure related to its medial surface.
4%
d-It is connected to the left kidney by gastrosplenic ligament.
46. The following structure present between head of pancreas and 2nd part of duodenum:
Anonymous Quiz
84%
a- Superior pancreaticodudenal artery
11%
b-Neck of gall bladder
0%
c- Left gastric artery
5%
d- Hepatic artery
47. The cystic artery most commonly arises from the:
Anonymous Quiz
19%
a- Hepatic artery proper
75%
b-Right hepatic artery
6%
c- Left hepatic artery
0%
d- Gastroduodenal artery
48. The ileum is characterized by:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
a- Less amount of fat in the mesentery
2%
b- Its wall is thick
2%
c- It is about one meter in length
81%
d- Complex arterial arcades and short vasa recta
49. The following structure is not related to the posterior or inferior surfaces of the liver:
Anonymous Quiz
11%
a- Stomach
3%
b- Right colic flexure
81%
c-Pancreas
5%
d-Right kidney
50. Regarding the blood supply of the gut, which one of the following statements is correct?
Anonymous Quiz
8%
a- The splenic artery lies deep to the body of the pancreas.
10%
b- The superior mesenteric vein lies on the left side of the superior mesenteric artery.
2%
c- The arterial arcades are simple in the mesentery of the ileum.
80%
d- The inferior mesenteric artery supplies the left 1/3 of the transverse colon.
51. The cardiac end of the stomach lies at:
Anonymous Quiz
73%
a- One inch to the left of the middle line at 7th costal cartilage
12%
b- Transpyloric plane
7%
c- One inch to the right of the middle line at 7th costal cartilage
8%
d- Half an inch to the left of midline at 5th intercostal space.
52. The head of pancreas related posteriorly to:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
a- Aorta
4%
b-Coils of jejunum
80%
c- Lower part of common bile duct
0%
d- Short gastric vessels
53. The portal vein is formed by the union of which veins?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
a- Splenic and inferior mesenteric veins
93%
b- Splenic and superior mesenteric veins
0%
c- Splenic and gastric veins
0%
d- Superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric veins
54- One of the followings is not present at the level of the transpyloric plane:
Anonymous Quiz
22%
a- the fundus of gall bladder.
69%
b- the lower end of the kidney.
6%
c- the origin of the superior mesenteric artery.
4%
d- the first lumbar vertebra.
55. Regarding the ureter, select the incorrect answer:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a- It has a constriction at the level of ischial spine.
4%
b- It crosses the bifurcation of the common iliac artery.
30%
c- The right one is crossed anteriorly by the third part of duodenum.
66%
d- The left one is related medially to the inferior vena cava.
56. One of the following is not true concerning the colon:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
a- its walls carry the taenia coli.
7%
b- the splenic flexure is higher than the hepatic flexure.
84%
c- the only part having a mesentery is its pelvic part.
5%
d- the appendicis epiploica are one of its characteristics.