2. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE SUBSTANCES SECRETED BY NEURONS IN THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
5%
ACETYL CHOLINE
83%
GLUTAMIC ACID
1%
NITRIC OXIDE (NO)
11%
SEROTONIN
1. AS REGARDS THE SLOW WAVE'S POTENTIALS OF GIT, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CORRECT?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
THEY ARE SPIKE ACTION POTENTIALS.
77%
THEY ARE DUE TO CYCLIC ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION OF SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP.
15%
THEY USUALLY CAUSE FREQUENT MUSCLE CONTRACTION OF GIT WALL BY THEMSELVES.
4%
EACH WAVE SHOWS RAPID COMPLETE DEPOLARIZATION DUE TO SODIUM INFLUX.
3.DOGIEL TYPE I NEURONS IN THE WALL OF GIT ARE:
Anonymous Quiz
40%
MOTOR NEURONS RESPONSIBLE FOR PERISTALSIS
12%
NUMEROUS IN THE MOUTH FOR TASTE SENSATION
8%
STIMULATED IN VIVO ONLY DUE TO HORMONAI SECRETION
40%
STRETCH SENSITIVE NEURONS PRESENT MAINLY IN COLON
4. HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE SHOWS:
Anonymous Quiz
23%
INFLAMMATION OF DISTAL BOWEL
13%
MALIGNANCY IN DISTAL BOWEL
50%
UNDEVELOPED GANGLIA OF ENTERIC PLEXUS OF DISTAL BOWEL
14%
EXCESSIVE PROPULSIVE ACTIVITY OF DISTAL BOWEL
5. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE CORRECT AS REGARDS GASTRIN HORMONE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
3%
SOMATOSTATIN INHIBITS GASTRIN HORMONE SECRETION.
9%
INCREASE PH ABOVE 2.0 IN THE ANTRUM STIMULATES ITS SECRETION
7%
AMINO ACIDS IN STOMACH INCREASES ITS SECRETION
81%
IT INHIBITS GASTRIC ACID AND PEPSIN SECRETIONS
6. ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME SHOWS:
Anonymous Quiz
10%
BETA CELL TUMOR IN PANCREAS
3%
DECREASED GASTRIC ACID SECRETION
1%
PREVENTION OF DUODENAL ULCER DEVELOPMENT
86%
HIGH LEVEL OF GASTRIN IN BLOOD
❤1
7. SOMATOSTATIN HORMONE IS SECRETED BY WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CELLS?
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A CELLS OF PANCREAS
87%
D CELLS OF PANCREAS.
1%
G CELLS OF STOMACH
7%
G CELLS OF PANCREAS
8. CONCERNING MASTICATION, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CORRECT?
Anonymous Quiz
2%
MUSCLES OF CHEWING ARE INNERVATED BY THE 9TH CRANIAL NERVE.
0%
IS CONTROLLED AND REGULATED BY GIT HORMONES.
95%
STIMULATES THE SALIVARY SECRETION.
3%
INHIBITS THE SATIETY SENSATION.
9. WHAT PREVENTS FOOD FROM ENTERING THE NASAL PASSAGES DURING SWALLOWING?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
CONTRACTION OF PHARYNGEAL MUSCLES
3%
APPROXIMATION OF VOCAL FOLDS
92%
ELEVATION OF SOFT PALATE TO CLOSE POSTERIOR NARES
5%
ELEVATION OF LARYNX
10. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CORRECT REGARDING THE PROCESS OF SWALLOWING?
Anonymous Quiz
93%
SWALLOWING APNEA OCCURS.
2%
ORAL PHASE IS INVOLUNTARY.
0%
PHARYNGEAL PHASE IS VOLUNTARY.
5%
SWALLOWING CENTER IS PRESENT IN MIDBRAIN
11. STOMACH ACCOMMODATES THE MEAL BY:
Anonymous Quiz
91%
RECEPTIVE RELAXATION
4%
PERISTALTIC WAVES
0%
PYLORIC PUMP
5%
MIGRATING MOTOR COMPLEX
12. THE RATE OF GASTRIC EMPTYING INCREASES WITH AN INCREASE IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
Anonymous Quiz
5%
ACIDITY OF DUODENUM
0%
FAT CONTENT OF DUODENUM
10%
DUODENAL DISTENSION
85%
GASTRIC DISTENTION
13. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IONS HAS THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION IN SALIVA UNDER BASAL CONDITION?
Anonymous Quiz
82%
BICARBONATES
3%
CHLORIDE
5%
HYDROGEN
10%
SODIUM
15- during vomiting
Anonymous Quiz
8%
pylorus is relaxing
66%
wall of stomach is passive
2%
lower esophageal sphincter is contracting
24%
wall of stomach is contracting
16. IN INFANTS, DEFECATION OFTEN FOLLOWS A MEAL, THE CAUSE OF COLONIC CONTRACTION IN THIS SITUATION IS
Anonymous Quiz
2%
DECREASED CIRCULATING LEVELS OF CCK
83%
THE GASTRO COLIC REFLEX
6%
INCREASED CIRCULATING LEVELS OF SOMATOSTATIN
9%
THE ENTEROGASTRIC REFLEX
17. ALL THE FOLLOWING CAUSE SECRETION OF GASTRIC JUICE DURING CEPHALIC PHASE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
9%
A-FOOD IN MOUTH
2%
SIGHT OF FOOD
86%
FOOD IN STOMACH
4%
THOUGHT OF FOOD
18. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE AS REGARDS PANCREATIC SECRETIONS?
Anonymous Quiz
2%
A-CCK CAUSES RELEASE OF BICARBONATE
5%
B-SECRETIN CAUSES RELEASE OF ENZYMES
3%
C-GASTRIN STIMULATES RELEASE OF ENZYMES
90%
D-CCK STIMULATES RELEASE OF ENZYMES WHILE SECRETIN STIMULATES RELEASE OF BICARBONATE
❤1
19. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS THE PRIMARY PHYSIOLOGICAL STIMULUS FOR GALL-BLADDER CONTRACTION DURING THE DIGESTIVE PERIOD?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
A-ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF SECRETIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
2%
B-AMINO ACID-INDUCED RELEASE OF MOTILIN FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
4%
C-DISTENSION-INDUCED RELEASE OF GLUCAGON FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
89%
D-FAT-INDUCED RELEASE OF CHOLECYSTOKININ FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE
20. THE LIVER IS AN IMPORTANT ORGAN WHICH HAS HORMONAL FUNCTION. IT SECRETES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSTANCES EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
4%
A-FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 21(FGF-21)
7%
B-ANGIOTENSINOGEN
4%
C-INSULIN GROWTH FACTOR-1 (IGF-1)
86%
D-CCK
21. ALL THE FOLLOWING INHIBIT THE FEEDING CENTER AND FOOD INTAKE EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
7%
A-CCK
8%
B-GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE
83%
C-GHRELIN
2%
D-GASTROINTESTINAL DISTENSION