is liberated from thyroglobulin by the action of peroxidase enzyme

Increases the body needs for vitamins:

Acts on nuclear receptors only which produce its genomic and non-genomic actions

Has more affinity to receptors than T3

Since birth produces cretinism which is mentally normal but sexually retarded

Produces Increased metabolic rate

In an adult produces shortened reflex reaction time

Produces coarse skin with non-pitting edema

Is characterized by increased energy expenditure and cold, pale, dry skin

Is accompanied by a rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure

May be associated with exophthalmos due to antibodies against extraocular muscles

Due to pituitary thyrotrope tumor is accompanied by High T3 and T4 with low TSH

Deficiency in adult produces prolonged reflex reaction time.

Is converted to the active form rT3 in the periphery

is liberated from thyroglobulin by the action of peroxidase enzyme

Acts only on the three receptor isoforms alpha1 & 2 and B-1

Increases intestinal absorption of Ca independent of 1,25(OH), D3

Binds osteoblastic receptors to stimulate osteoclast activity

Secretion is increased by the rise in plasma Ca concentration

Decreases the production of 1,25 (OH), D3

Decreases the production of 1,25 (OH), D3

Increases activity of Ca pump of osteocytic membrane

Inhibits the activity of 1a-hydroxylase of the proximal renal tubules

Action is opposite to parathyroid hormone as regard PO4- and Ca2+

Augments glycogenolysis produced by glucagon

Promotes protein catabolism in hepatic tissue to provide amino acids needed for gluconeogenesis

Decreases glucose utilization by the brain and lowers its insulin sensitivity

secretion is highest at the evening and lowest at the early morning

Is an important physiologic regulator of aldosterone secretion

Is secreted at a constant level throughout the day

Causes hyperpigmentation whenever it is chronically increased

Has no effect on the size of cells in the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis

Increased metabolic rate

Increased heart rate

Increased cardiac output

Puffiness around the eye (swelling of eyelids)

Hypoperathyroidism

Hypercalcemia

Acidosis

Hyperparathyroidism

Intolerance to cold weather

Short stature (being a dwarf)

Loss of weight despite of increased appetite.

Decreased heart rate and cardiac output

Is a calcium raising hormone

Increases calcium excretion in urine

Increases calcium absorption from intestine.

Increases calcium reabsorption in kidney

Decrease metabolic activity in all body tissues

Is very important for brain development in early childhood

Decrease lipolysis (breakdown of lipids)

Have no effect on skeletal growth

Plasma calcium level is between 7 and 9.4 mg/dl

Manifestations appear during rest

The patient may die from spasm of respiratory muscles

Plasma calcium level is below 7 mg/dl

Hyperthyroidism during early childhood

Acute thyroiditis

Hypothyroidism during early childhood

Hypothyroidism after puberty.

Increased heart rate

Weight gain with loss of appetite

Chronic constipation

Increased cholesterol level in blood

Bariatric surgery

Thyroidectomy

Malabsorption syndromes

Vitamin D deficiency

Inhibition of bone formation

Inhibition of collagen synthesis

blocking early stages of inflammatory process

stimulating histamine release.

Decreasing the affinity of insulin receptors to insulin

Stimulating protein synthesis.

Inhibition af gluconeogenesis in ilver.

Stimulating glucose uptake by muscle cells.

There is low TSH blood level in all cases.

The patient cannot tolerate hot weather.

There is usually increased body weight.

The patient is apathetic, drowsy and with a prolonged reaction time