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Daily Sun: 24 May 22


Sunspot AR3017 may have replaced behemoth AR3014 as the most likely source of flares. It has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that poses a threat for M-class explosions. Credit: SDO/HMI
Current Auroral Oval:


Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 2 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2 quiet
explanation | more data

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 3.29 nT
Bz: 2.76 nT north
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0651 UT
Coronal Holes: 24 May 22



Solar wind flowing from these coronal holes should reach Earth on May 27-28. Credit: SDO/AIA
DID A COLD INTERSTELLAR CLOUD HIT THE SOLAR SYSTEM? A new research paper by Merav Opher (Boston University) and Abraham Loeb (Harvard University) suggests that a cold interstellar cloud of gas hit the Solar System two million years ago. The impact compressed the heliosphere, making it much smaller than Earth's orbit. Our planet was completely exposed to interstellar space and a blizzard of galactic cosmic rays. If this really happened, it would have altered space weather, terrestrial climate, and possibly even human evolution.

Read more: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.01813v2
Solar wind
speed: 393.7 km/sec
density: 3.70 protons/cm3
Updated: Today at 0530 UT

X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C1 0502 UT May25
24-hr: C5 2217 UT May24
Updated: Today at: 0535 UT
Daily Sun: 25 May 22


A new sunspot is emerging at the circled location. Yesterday it emitted a C5-class solar flare and a CME. Credit: SDO/HMI
Current Auroral Oval:

Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2 quiet
explanation | more data

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 5.19 nT
Bz: 0.18 nT north
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0530 UT
Coronal Holes: 25 May 22



Solar wind flowing from these coronal holes should reach Earth on May 27-28. Credit: SDO/AIA
Solar wind
speed: 350.6 km/sec
density: 8.77 protons/cm3
Updated: Today at 0836 UT

X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C7 0449 UT May26
24-hr: M1 1824 UT May25
Updated: Today at: 0840 UT
Daily Sun: 26 May 22


Departing sunspots AR3014 and AR3017 pose a slight threat for M-class solar flares. Credit: SDO/HMI
Current Auroral Oval:

Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2 quiet
explanation | more data

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 3.91 nT
Bz: -1.89 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0837 UT
Coronal Holes: 26 May 22



Solar wind flowing from these coronal holes should reach Earth on May 27-28. Credit: SDO/AIA
METEOR OUTBURST POSSIBLE NEXT WEEK: Debris from shattered Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 is approaching Earth. ETA: May 31st. Forecasters aren't certain, but there could be a meteor outburst when the material arrives. North Americans are favored to see the show if it actually happens. Estimates of visual meteor rates range from near zero to thousands per hour, highlighting the uncertainty of the forecast.

Read more: https://spaceweatherarchive.com/2022/05/26/the-tau-herculid-meteor-shower-possible-outburst/
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A DEAD SUNSPOT EXPLODES (UPDATED): A magnetic filament snaking through the corpse of decayed sunspot AR3016 erupted on May 25th (1824 UT), producing a M1-class solar flare. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory recorded the blast. https://www.spaceweather.com/images2022/25may22/deadsunspot_anim_strip2.gif

Coronagraph images from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) confirm that the explosion hurled a CME into space. A first look at the data suggests that the bulk of the CME will miss Earth, but there appears to be an Earth-directed component as well. A fraction of the CME could hit our planet on May 28th or 29th. Computer modeling by NOAA analysts will soon refine the arrival time.
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Solar wind
speed: 316.5 km/sec
density: 34.55 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0746 UT

X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C1 0230 UT May27
24-hr: C2 1752 UT May26
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 0750 UT
Daily Sun: 27 May 22


The chance of X-flares is subsiding as big sunspot AR3014 exits the solar disk--from 10% today to only 1% on May 29th. Credit: SDO/HMI
Current Auroral Oval:

Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2 quiet
explanation | more data

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 6.80 nT
Bz: -0.55 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0746 UT
Coronal Holes: 27 May 22



Solar wind flowing from these coronal holes should reach Earth on May 27-28. Credit: SDO/AIA
GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH: Minor G1-class geomagnetic storms are possible on May 28th when a CME is expected to sideswipe Earth's magnetic field. The solar storm cloud was hurled into space by an unstable magnetic filament, which erupted on May 25th. High-latitude auroras are possible this weekend. https://www.spaceweather.com/images2022/25may22/m1_cme.gif