Study with R ๐Ÿ“šโœจ
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ุดุบู„ุงุช ู…ู‡ู…ู‡ ู„ู…ู„ุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ abdominal pain
Forwarded from Sketchy .
Abdominal pain

๐Ÿ“Important flashcards

๐Ÿ“Œ: Whatโ€™s the first condition to rule out in early pregnancy with abdominal pain?
Ectopic pregnancy


๐Ÿ“Œ: What type of pain is described as dull, vague, and associated with organ distension?
Visceral pain


๐Ÿ“Œ Which condition causes lower abdominal pain in the 2nd trimester, relieved by rest and acetaminophen?
Round ligament pain


๐Ÿ“Œ What obstetric emergency presents with uterine rigidity, pain, and vaginal bleeding?
Placental abruption


๐Ÿ“ŒWhich liver-related pregnancy condition causes RUQ pain, hypoglycemia, and coagulopathy?
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP)


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat is the triad for HELLP syndrome?
Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat condition presents with nocturnal pruritus and elevated bile acids in late pregnancy?
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy


๐Ÿ“ŒWhich condition causes sudden abdominal pain, fetal distress, and palpable fetal parts?
Uterine rupture


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat non-pregnancy condition presents with RLQ pain and may have atypical signs in pregnancy?
Acute appendicitis


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat GI condition causes RUQ pain and elevated amylase/lipase in a pregnant woman with gallstones?
Acute pancreatitis


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat urinary complication occurs in 14โ€“16 weeks due to a retroverted uterus?
Acute urinary retention


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat imaging is best for adnexal masses in pregnancy?
Ultrasound


๐Ÿ“ŒWhich condition may mimic appendicitis but presents with a cystic mass and reduced blood flow on Doppler?
Ovarian torsion


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat musculoskeletal pains are common in pregnancy?
Pubic symphysis, sacroiliac joint, back pain


๐Ÿ“ŒWhat is the management priority for undifferentiated abdominal pain with maternal shock?
Start anti-shock therapy and urgent evaluation
โค4๐Ÿ‘1
Forwarded from Sketchy .
๐Ÿ“ŒKey points
โค2
Forwarded from Sketchy .
A 29-year-old woman at 36 weeks presents with generalized pruritus, especially on her palms and soles, worse at night. She denies rash, nausea, or vomiting. LFTs show elevated transaminases and raised bile acids. Fetal ultrasound is normal for growth and amniotic fluid. CTG shows occasional late decelerations. What is the most appropriate next step in management? ู…ู‡ู…
Sketchy .
A 29-year-old woman at 36 weeks presents with generalized pruritus, especially on her palms and soles, worse at night. She denies rash, nausea, or vomiting. LFTs show elevated transaminases and raised bile acids. Fetal ultrasound is normal for growth and amnioticโ€ฆ
ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุณ ุชู‚ุฑูˆู† ุญูƒู‡ ุจ ุงูŠุฏู‡ุง ูˆุจุฑุฌู„ู‡ุง ุฎุตูˆุตุง ุจุงู„ู„ูŠู„ ูˆุชู‚ุฑูˆู† ุฒูŠุงุฏู‡ ุจุงู„ bile acid ุงู†ุชูˆุง ูˆู…ุบู…ุถูŠู† ุชุฑูˆุญูˆู† ุชุฎุชุงุฑูˆู† Cholestasis

ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ุงุฌู‡ุง ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ุง Ursoโ€ฆacid ูˆุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุงุณุจูˆุน 37-38 ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ุชุนุจุฑ ุงู„ 38 ู„ุงู† ุจุณ ุชุนุจุฑ 38 ูŠุฒุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ risk ู…ุงู„ IUGR
โค6
Forwarded from Sketchy .
A 30-year-old primigravida at 35 weeks presents with nausea, vomiting, headache, RUQ pain, and progressive jaundice. She is confused, her glucose is 40 mg/dL, and labs reveal elevated LFTs, renal impairment, coagulopathy, and leukocytosis. BP is 120/80 mmHg. Platelets are mildly low. Fetal monitoring is non-reassuring.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Sketchy .
A 30-year-old primigravida at 35 weeks presents with nausea, vomiting, headache, RUQ pain, and progressive jaundice. She is confused, her glucose is 40 mg/dL, and labs reveal elevated LFTs, renal impairment, coagulopathy, and leukocytosis. BP is 120/80 mmHg.โ€ฆ
ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณ ุชู‚ุฑูˆู†

presents with nausea, vomiting and progressive jaundice. labs reveal elevated LFTs, renal impairment, coagulopathyุŒ hypoglycemia

ุชุฎุชุงุฑูˆู† ุงู†ุชูˆุง ูˆู…ุบู…ุถูŠู†
Acute fatty liver disease in pregnancy

ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ฺฏุจู„ ุฃุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู† GA ู„ุง ุงุฏูˆูŠู‡ ูˆู„ุง ุดูŠ
โค7
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Hydralazine
ุงู„ุฏูˆู‡ ู…ุงู„ ุงู„ HT ู„ู„ุญุงู…ู„

ุนุฏุฏ ุญุฑูˆูู‡ 11 ุญุฑู ( ุจุณ ุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ู† 10 )
ุจู…ุง ุงู†ูˆ 10 ุญุฑูˆู ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ ุฏูˆุฒ ู‡ูŠ 10mg ุจุณ ุงู†ูŠ ู…ุงุงุจุฏูŠ ุจ 10mg ุงู†ู…ุง
ุงุจุฏูŠ ุจ 5mg ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง 10mg

ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจู‡ ู„ู„ูˆู‚ุช ู†ุธูŠู ูกู  ุฏู‚ุงูŠู‚ ุนู„ ูฅ ูˆุนู„ ูกู 
ููŠุตูŠุฑู†
15-20 minutes
ุจ 3 doses

ุจูŠ ู‡ูˆุงูŠ ุญุฑู A ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ูˆ
Arterial VD
โค3๐Ÿ˜ญ2๐Ÿ‘1
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ุงู„ Labetelol
ุนุฏุฏ ุญุฑูˆูู‡ ูฉ ุญุฑูˆู ( ุจุณ ุงู†ูŠ ู„ุงู† ุงุณุชูุงุฏูŠุช ู…ู† ุญุฑูˆูู‡ ุทู„ุนุช ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู†ูŠู…ูˆู†ูƒ ู ูƒุงูุฆุชู‡ ูˆูƒู„ุชู„ู‡ ุงู†ุช ูกู  ุญุฑูˆู )

ูกู  ุญุฑูˆู = ุงู„ุฌุฑุนู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุจุฏูŠ ุจูŠู‡ุง 10mg

ูกู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู… ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ูขู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู… ุฎู„ุงู„ ูขู  ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ู‡ ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ูคู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู… ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ูจู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู…

ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ first drug of choice
โค3
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Nifidipine
ู‡ุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ ุญุฑูˆูู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ูกู  ูุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู‡ูŠ ูกู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ูู… ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ูกู -ูขู  ู…ู„ูŠุบุฑุงู… ุฎู„ุงู„ ูขู  ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ู‡

ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ุฌู…ุงุนู‡ CCBs ู ูŠุณุจุจ flushing ุจุณ ูŠุฎุงููˆู† ู…ู†ู‡ ู„ุงู† ูŠุณุจุจ inhibiton of labour
โค2๐Ÿ‘1
โญ•๏ธ ู…ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ู…ู‡ู…ู‡

ุงู… ุงู„ preeclampsia ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู†ู‚ุงุด
ูˆุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ู‡ูŠ CS ู…ูˆ vaginal ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง

vaginal delivery and ergometrine
ู…ู…ู…ู…ู…ู…ู…ู…ู…ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ู†ูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆูˆุนุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉุฉ
ู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ุง pre eclampsia


ุงู„ preeclampsia ู†ู„ูƒุงู‡ุง ุจุงู„ Doppler uterine artery
ุญุฑู p ูŠุดุจู‡ D

ุฅุฐุง ุงุญุชุงุฌูŠุช ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ุง ู…ุถุงุฏุงุช ุชุฎุซุฑ ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ุง heparin ู„ุงู† ู…ูŠุนุจุฑ ุงู„ placenta


ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ุง high risk of preeclampsia ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ุง
Low dose of aspirin 75mg
ูˆุงุฐุง ุงูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุงุจูŠ ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุฒูŠู† ู†ู†ุทูŠู‡ุง calcium supplements


ุงู… ุงู„ chronic HTN ุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ูฃูฉ ูˆูˆุฑู‡ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏู‡ ูŠู†ุฒู„ ุถุบุทู‡ุง ุจุณ ุงุธู„ ุฃุฑุงู‚ุจู‡ ู„ุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตุนุฏ ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏู‡
โค13๐Ÿ‘1
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ู…ู‡ู…ู‡ ุฌุฏุงู‹
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ู…ู‡ู… ุญูŠู„
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ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู‡ู…ู‡
RH iso imunization ุชู„ุฎูŠุตูŠ.pdf
9.5 MB
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠู‡ ู…ุงุจูŠ ุดูŠ ูŠุชู„ุฎุต ุจุณ ุงู„ุณู„ุงูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„ ูˆุฑู‡ ุดูˆูŠู‡ ู…ุฒุนุฌุงุช ู ู„ุฎุตุชู‡ู† ุจ ูฃ ุตูุญุงุช
โค13
Cervical length ultrasound
ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ 35mm ุจุณ ูŠุตูŠุฑ 25mm ูˆุฃู‚ู„ ู‡ุงูŠ pre term labour
โค6
ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุณู„ุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆูŠู‡ ู‡ู† ุงู‡ู…ุดูŠ ุจุงู„ pre term labour ๐Ÿ‘๐Ÿป
โค3
โญ๏ธ ุงุฌุชู†ูŠ ูˆุญุฏู‡ preterm rupture of membrane ูˆุฏุงุงุฑูŠุฏ ุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุจุณ ุงูƒุชุดูุช ุนุฏู‡ุง infection ุดู†ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุณูˆูŠ ุŸ
ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุนุงู„ุฌ ุงู„ infections ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
Ampicillin + metronidazole

ampicillin 2 g i.v. q.d.s (4 times daily)
metronidazole 500 mg.i.v. t.d.s (3 times daily).

metronidazole
ุจูŠ ุญุฑู m ู ูŠู†ุทูŠ ุจุงู„ mg ุงู…ุง ุงู„ ampicillin ู ูŠู†ุทูŠ g
ุซู†ูŠู†ู‡ู… IV


โญ๏ธ ุงู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ุงุฌุชู†ูŠ PROM ูˆู…ุงุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู†ููƒุดู† ูˆู„ุง ุดูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฃููˆุชู‡ุง ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ูˆุงู†ุชุธุฑู‡ุง ู„ู„ 37w ุนู„ู…ูˆุฏ ุชูƒุชู…ู„ ุฑุฆุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุจ ุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง
ู…ู† ุฏุงุงู†ุชุธุฑู‡ุง ุชูˆุตู„ ู„ู„ 37w ูŠูˆู…ูŠู‡ ุงู‚ูŠุณู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ vital sign ูˆุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠุง ุงู‚ูŠุณู„ู‡ุง
WBC , CRP , Lower genitourinary swab for infection , US for fetal growth

ุงู†ุทูŠู‡ุง antibiotic

โญ๏ธ combination of 2 grams of amoxicillin and 250 mg of erythromycin every six hours for 48 hours, followed by 250 mg of amoxicillin every eight hours for five days .

โญ๏ธ Patients hypersensitive to penicillin, give erythromycin 250 mg orally every 6 hours for 10 days.

โญ๏ธ ุงู„ amoxicillin ุงุณุจูˆุน ูˆุงูƒุทุนู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูุชุฑู‡ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ู…ุงู„ุชู‡ุง ูฃ ุงุณุงุจูŠุน ูˆู‡ุงู„ุดูŠ ุญูŠู„ ูŠููŠุฏู†ูŠ ุนู„ู…ูˆุฏ ู†ุถูˆุฌ ุฑุฆู‡ ุงู„ ู†ูˆู†ูˆ ุนู„ู…ูˆุฏ ุชูˆุตู„ ูฃูง ุงุณุจูˆุน ูˆุงุฌูŠุจู‡ุง

โญ๏ธ Co-amoxiclav is not recommended because of necrotizing enterocolitis.

โญ๏ธ Corticosteroids should be administered in women with PPROM at 24โ€“34 weeks,
associated with lower incidences of RDS, IVH, NEC, and neonatal death rate

โญ๏ธ tocolysis is given โ‰ค 48 hours to allow administration of corticosteroids.

โญ๏ธ vitamin C 500 mg and vitamin E 400 IU daily in women with PPROM at 26โ€“34 weeks was associated with 7-day prolongation


โญ๏ธ ุงู… ุงู„ PROM ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰
period of 48โ€“72 hours

โญ๏ธ If leakage of fluid stops, the amniotic fluid normalizes
ุจุณ ุงู„ุจูŠุดู†ุช ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู…ุตุฎู†ู‡ ( febrile )
ุนุงุฏูŠ ุงุทู„ุนู‡ุง ู„ู„ุจูŠุช ุจุณ ุงูƒู„ู„ู‡ุง ุฑุงุฌุนูŠ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุชุฌ ุนู„ู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุตุฎูˆู†ู‡
โค17
ุงู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู‡ุง DM ูˆู„ูŠุณ GDM
ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ HBA1c 85mmol ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ู…ู†ุน ุจุงุช ุชุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู…ู„
ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุชุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู…ู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ูˆุฑู‡ ูƒู„ ูˆุฌุจู‡ ุงู„ insulin 4-7mmol
ุฅุฐุง ุนุฏู‡ุง preeclampsia ุชุงุฎุฐ low dose of aspirin ู…ู† 12-36 w
ุฅุฐุง ุนุฏู‡ุง retinopathy ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุณูˆูŠ retinal screening
at booking visit
at 16โ€“20 weeks
at 28 weeks gestation


ุงู„ู†ูˆู†ูˆ
malformation ( cardiac and neural tube ) first trimester

fetus produces high levels of insulin during the third trimester in response to high glucose levels and the resulting fetal hyperinsolinemia associated neonatal morbidity, fetal macrosomia and neonatal complications such as
hypoglycaemia, jaundice, respiratory distress syndrome and
polycythaemia

Stillbirth, particularly in the third trimeste

Accelerated growth patterns are typically seen in the late second and third trimesters

traumatic birth and shoulder dystocia.


ูˆุญุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ management ุชู‚ูŠุณ ุณูƒุฑู‡ุง ุณุจุน ู…ุฑุงุช ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู…
ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงูƒู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† 5.3mmol/l
ูˆุฑู‡ ุงู„ุงูƒู„ ุจุณุงุนู‡ ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† 7.8mmol/l

increase dose of insulin or metformin during the second half of pregnancy

fetal anomaly scan at 19โ€“20 weeks for congenital malformations
Serial growth scan in 28 week ( third trimester)
for oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios โญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธโญ•๏ธ
ุงู„ุงุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุงู„ุชู‡ ู…ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆู„ู‡ ู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู…ุณูŠูƒูŠูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑู‡

vaginal birth between 37 and 39 weeks


Insulin requirements return to pre-pregnancy levels immbediately following delivery

increased risk of hypoglycaemia in the postnatal period, particularly if they are breastfeeding
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