In this video,
We explain the Balochistan issue in a clear and exam-oriented manner.
You will understand why Balochistan has remained Pakistan’s most unstable province, the historical roots of the autonomy movement, and how political marginalization, resource exploitation, military operations, and enforced disappearances have shaped the conflict.
https://youtu.be/194Xwb2TgD0?si=7Kdp2_z7EbcFlHeH
We explain the Balochistan issue in a clear and exam-oriented manner.
You will understand why Balochistan has remained Pakistan’s most unstable province, the historical roots of the autonomy movement, and how political marginalization, resource exploitation, military operations, and enforced disappearances have shaped the conflict.
https://youtu.be/194Xwb2TgD0?si=7Kdp2_z7EbcFlHeH
YouTube
Balochistan Issue Explained | Autonomy Struggle, Insurgency & Pakistan’s Internal Challenge | UPSC
👉 UPSC Prelims Crash Course: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du13%2A_gcl_au%2AOTY3MDk5NDcwLjE3NjM2MjAwODU.%2A_ga%2ANTA4ODY1NzE0LjE2OTgzODIxMzg.%2A_g…
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du13%2A_gcl_au%2AOTY3MDk5NDcwLjE3NjM2MjAwODU.%2A_ga%2ANTA4ODY1NzE0LjE2OTgzODIxMzg.%2A_g…
Jordan
[ Places in the news ]
✅ What it is :
- A constitutional monarchy in Southwest Asia.
- Ruled by King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein.
- Became independent in 1946, but located on land with ancient civilisational history.
✅Capital :
- Amman (largest city).
✅ Historical background :
- Amman was known as Philadelphia during the Roman period.
- Earlier associated with the Ammonites (c. 13th century BCE).
- Region holds deep biblical, classical, and Islamic historical significance.
✅ Geographical location :
Neighbouring countries :
Syria , Iraq , Saudi Arabia, Israel and the West Bank (west)
✅Physiographic (geological) regions :
Eastern Desert :
- Part of Syrian–Arabian Desert.
- Dominated by basalt, sandstone, and granite.
Uplands east of the Jordan River :
- Elevated plateau region.
- Highest point: Mount Ramm (1,754 m)
Jordan Valley :
- Part of the Great Rift Valley.
- Descends to the Dead Sea.
Jordan River
- Drains into the Dead Sea.
- Shapes regional hydrology and agriculture.
[ Places in the news ]
✅ What it is :
- A constitutional monarchy in Southwest Asia.
- Ruled by King Abdullah II ibn Al Hussein.
- Became independent in 1946, but located on land with ancient civilisational history.
✅Capital :
- Amman (largest city).
✅ Historical background :
- Amman was known as Philadelphia during the Roman period.
- Earlier associated with the Ammonites (c. 13th century BCE).
- Region holds deep biblical, classical, and Islamic historical significance.
✅ Geographical location :
Neighbouring countries :
Syria , Iraq , Saudi Arabia, Israel and the West Bank (west)
✅Physiographic (geological) regions :
Eastern Desert :
- Part of Syrian–Arabian Desert.
- Dominated by basalt, sandstone, and granite.
Uplands east of the Jordan River :
- Elevated plateau region.
- Highest point: Mount Ramm (1,754 m)
Jordan Valley :
- Part of the Great Rift Valley.
- Descends to the Dead Sea.
Jordan River
- Drains into the Dead Sea.
- Shapes regional hydrology and agriculture.
In this video, we cover some of the most important Supreme Court judgements of 2025 that are highly relevant for UPSC Prelims and Mains.
Ideal for aspirants preparing Polity and Governance for UPSC 2025 and 2026.
https://youtu.be/pQFf4Q-3zhU?si=Oljdz5lhesc5gihM
Ideal for aspirants preparing Polity and Governance for UPSC 2025 and 2026.
https://youtu.be/pQFf4Q-3zhU?si=Oljdz5lhesc5gihM
YouTube
Supreme Court’s Big Judgements of 2025 | Must-Know Cases for UPSC Prelims 2026 & Mains | UPSC Polity
- Important Judgements Part 2 Link: https://youtu.be/EgvB130DWwo?si=84H1eJz3Y4MQroQP
👉 UPSC Prelims Crash Course: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du…
👉 UPSC Prelims Crash Course: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du…
Kickstart your Sociology optional preparation with a focused and practical strategy session.
This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
* Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
* Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
* Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
20 December 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
This free workshop is designed to help aspirants understand how to approach Sociology effectively for UPSC 2027 with expert guidance.
* Covers complete Sociology preparation approach
* Ideal for beginners and 2027-target aspirants
* Learn answer writing, booklist planning and conceptual clarity
20 December 2025 ,6pm
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/sociology-workshop-2026/?source=Instagram
Doston! we are conducting a workshop this week for UPSC Beginners .
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
19th December 5pm!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
19th December 5pm!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
From static theory to dynamic revision ,We’ve got you covered.
Enroll in the NEW BATCH of Sambhav 4.0 LIVE Prelims Crash Course and transform your preparation in 150 days.
https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
Enroll in the NEW BATCH of Sambhav 4.0 LIVE Prelims Crash Course and transform your preparation in 150 days.
https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
Forwarded from Environment for UPSC by Dr Manmeet Kaur
Let us learn about Belém, where COP 30 took place.
It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station.
Belém lies approximately 100 km upriver from the Atlantic Ocean, on the southern edge of Guajará Bay, which is connected via the Pará River system.
The
Pará River, which is part of the greater Amazon River system, is separated from the larger part of the Amazon delta by Marajo Island.
Rivers associated with Belém –
• The Guamá River flows along the southern edge of Belém.
• The Acará River is a tributary that joins the Guamá River close to Belém.
• The Pará River is a wide estuarine channel just west of Belém. It is a part of the Amazon River system, connecting water from the Amazon and Tocantins rivers to the Atlantic Ocean. It separates Belém from Marajó Island.
• The Acará River and the Guamá River are tributaries of the Pará River.
It is the gateway to the Amazon River with a busy port, airport, and bus/coach station.
Belém lies approximately 100 km upriver from the Atlantic Ocean, on the southern edge of Guajará Bay, which is connected via the Pará River system.
The
Pará River, which is part of the greater Amazon River system, is separated from the larger part of the Amazon delta by Marajo Island.
Rivers associated with Belém –
• The Guamá River flows along the southern edge of Belém.
• The Acará River is a tributary that joins the Guamá River close to Belém.
• The Pará River is a wide estuarine channel just west of Belém. It is a part of the Amazon River system, connecting water from the Amazon and Tocantins rivers to the Atlantic Ocean. It separates Belém from Marajó Island.
• The Acará River and the Guamá River are tributaries of the Pará River.
Doston,
Complete Jainism along with PYQs in less than 1 hour!
Must Watch!
https://youtu.be/iNIQNx97gDE?si=m0oC7UUFK5iLtzKm
Complete Jainism along with PYQs in less than 1 hour!
Must Watch!
https://youtu.be/iNIQNx97gDE?si=m0oC7UUFK5iLtzKm
YouTube
UPSC History: Jainism Explained in One Shot | Mahavir, Triratna, Tirthankaras | UPSC Prelims 2026
🎯 Complete Buddhism in One Video : https://youtu.be/rtp1yfzQzn0?si=9NDbOIke73rPSXot
👉 UPSC Prelims Crash Course: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du…
👉 UPSC Prelims Crash Course: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
👉 Sleepy Classes E-Book Store Link: https://store.sleepyclasses.com/?_gl=1%2A68du…
Doston important reminder!
Workshop aaj hai .
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
Workshop aaj hai .
Along with a proper strategy, you will also get :
1. You'll be getting a roadmap for UPSC CSE Exam. (suitable for beginners)
2. Pdfs which include - syllabus breakdown, microtopics in the syllabus, Booklist and a planner to cover NCERTs in 45 days
Make sure you don't miss out!
Link : https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-gs-beginners-workshop/?
Doston Important Reminder!
As the UPSC Prelims approaches, many aspirants ask one critical question —
“Should I join a Prelims Crash Course or continue self-study?”
In this video, we explain the Sleepy Classes Prelims Crash Course in a transparent and practical manner, focusing on what actually works, backed by past results and student outcomes, not marketing claims.
Prelims Crash Course Link: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
As the UPSC Prelims approaches, many aspirants ask one critical question —
“Should I join a Prelims Crash Course or continue self-study?”
In this video, we explain the Sleepy Classes Prelims Crash Course in a transparent and practical manner, focusing on what actually works, backed by past results and student outcomes, not marketing claims.
Prelims Crash Course Link: https://sleepyclasses.com/upsc-prelims-2026-crash-course/
Kunar River
[ Places in the news ]
✅What it is :
- Known as the Chitral River in Pakistan, is a major transboundary Himalayan river.
-Important component of the Indus Basin system.
✅Origin :
- Source: Chiantar Glacier
- Mountain range: Hindu Kush
- Location: Northern Chitral region, Pakistan
✅ Course and flow :
- Countries it flows through: Pakistan → Afghanistan → Pakistan (via Kabul–Indus system)
✅ Tributaries :
- Pech River (major tributary)
- Lotkoh River
✅River system linkage
- Kunar River is a tributary of Kabul River.
- Kabul River is a tributary of Indus River.
✅ Key features :
- Transboundary river shared by Pakistan and Afghanistan with strategic importance.
- Glacial-fed system with around 60–70% of discharge originating in Pakistan.
- Economically significant for irrigation, drinking water, and hydropower in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and eastern Afghanistan.
- Located in a conflict-prone border region, linking water stress with security concerns.
- No bilateral water-sharing treaty.
[ Places in the news ]
✅What it is :
- Known as the Chitral River in Pakistan, is a major transboundary Himalayan river.
-Important component of the Indus Basin system.
✅Origin :
- Source: Chiantar Glacier
- Mountain range: Hindu Kush
- Location: Northern Chitral region, Pakistan
✅ Course and flow :
- Countries it flows through: Pakistan → Afghanistan → Pakistan (via Kabul–Indus system)
✅ Tributaries :
- Pech River (major tributary)
- Lotkoh River
✅River system linkage
- Kunar River is a tributary of Kabul River.
- Kabul River is a tributary of Indus River.
✅ Key features :
- Transboundary river shared by Pakistan and Afghanistan with strategic importance.
- Glacial-fed system with around 60–70% of discharge originating in Pakistan.
- Economically significant for irrigation, drinking water, and hydropower in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and eastern Afghanistan.
- Located in a conflict-prone border region, linking water stress with security concerns.
- No bilateral water-sharing treaty.
* In this video, we bring you Top 25 Most Important MCQs on International Relations, fully based on 2025 Current Affairs, curated especially for UPSC CSE Prelims 2026 aspirants.
* These MCQs are designed after analyzing UPSC Prelims trend, PYQs, and recent developments in - India’s foreign policy, global groupings, international organizations, conflicts, summits, and strategic alliances.
* These MCQs are designed after analyzing UPSC Prelims trend, PYQs, and recent developments in - India’s foreign policy, global groupings, international organizations, conflicts, summits, and strategic alliances.