Senkaku Islands

[ Places in the news ]

✅ Location :

Called Senkaku by Japan, Diaoyu by China, and Diaoyutai by Taiwan.

- Japan currently administers islands.

- Located in East China Sea, near Japan, China, and Taiwan.

- Consist of five small uninhabited islands and several rocks; Uotsuri is the largest.

✅ Strategic Importance :

- A 1969 UN report indicated possible hydrocarbon reserves (oil and gas) beneath islands.

- This increased their geopolitical and economic value, intensifying territorial disputes.

✅ Historical Background :

- 1895: Japan took control of Taiwan and Senkaku Islands after First Sino-Japanese War.

- China argues Japan illegally seized islands.

- 1945 (Post–WWII): The US took administrative control under 1951 Treaty of Peace.

- 1971: The US returned Okinawa and Senkaku Islands to Japan under Okinawa Reversion Agreement.

- China & Taiwan protested handover, claiming historical rights.

- Japan maintains their claims emerged only after the discovery of potential hydrocarbons.

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Sea of Japan

[ Places in the news ]

✅ About :

- A major marginal sea of western Pacific Ocean, forming a deep, semi-enclosed basin with limited water exchange through narrow straits.

- Lies between Japan & Sakhalin Island (east) & Russia & Korean Peninsula (west).

✅Neighbouring Nations :

• Japan, Russia , North Korea, South Korea

✅ Physiographic Features :

- Elliptical shape, oriented southwest–northeast.

- Linked to other seas via: Korea Strait, Tsushima Strait, Tsugaru Strait, La Perouse Strait, Kanmon Strait.

- Divided into three major basins :
Japan, Yamato , Tsushima

- Japanese coast has broader continental shelves, underwater ridges and banks.

✅ Japan’s Border Issues with China & Russia :

• With China – East China Sea Dispute

- Focuses on Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands.
- Japan administers them; China claims them.

• With Russia – Kuril Islands/Northern Territories Dispute

- Japan claims four southern Kuril islands: Iturup, Kunashir, Shikotan, Habomai.
- Russia currently administers them.

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