operational definition for

- rate of reaction
time taken for magnesium strip to completely dissolve when magnesium strip is added into hcl

- for this experiment
time taken for magnesium strip to completely dissolve when magnesium strip is added into different temperatures of hcl solution, the higher the temperature of hcl, the shorter the time taken for it magnesium strip to dissolve

Bittaufiq wannajah batch 06 for your Chemistry amali 🫶🏻✨

Doa byk2 supaya dipermudahkan amali esok

prediction question

🌺 if hcl is replaced with ethanoic
- rate of reaction decrease
- weak acid . ionise partially in water to produce h+

🌺 hcl => h2so4
- rate if reaction increase
- diprotic acid
- concentration h+ is doubled

🌺 mg ribbon => mg powder
- rate of reaction increase
- size decrease
- higher total surface area that is exposed to acid

🌺 mg => copper
- does not dissolve in hcl
- less electropositive that hydrogen

Cmne amali harini gais

Apa2pun result harini, I'm proud of you all🫶🏻
You guys gave your best and that's what matters okeyy😽

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Procedure

1. 20 ml of distilled water is measured using measuring cylinder and poured into boiling tube.

2. Boiling tube is clamped to a retord stand.

3. Thermometer is kept in place in boiling tube by cotton wool. (kalau tanya kenapa, to reduce heat loss)

4. The initial temperature of the water in boiling tube is recorded using thermometer. (precaution : thermometer must not touch the base of boiling tube)

5. Nut is spiked firmly to the end of a pin which is mounted on some plasticine.

6. The apparatus set up is placed in a shield.

7. The food sample is ignited by holding it to the flame of bunsen burner.

8. The burning nut is immediately placed beneath the boiling tube to heat the water. (distance between boiling tube and burning peanut should not be far)

9. Water is gently stirred with the thermometer (why? To ensure heat is evenly distributed)

10. The highest final temperature is recorded using thermometer as soon as the nut has stopped burning. (why? To ensure it's completely oxidised)

11. Energy value is calculated using formula : (tulis formula, kalau ada 'x1000' kat denominator maksudnya unit kita 'kJg^-1', kalau takde 'x1000' unit kita 'Jg^-1')

12. Record and tabulate the data.

13. Repeat step 1-12 using using dried bread.

*nnt tukar ikut experiment