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▪️WMO is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with 193 Member States and Territories.
▪️It is the UN system's authoritative voice on the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere, its interaction with the land and oceans, the weather and climate it produces and the resulting distribution of water resources. Hence statement 1 is correct.
▪️As weather, climate and the water cycle know no national boundaries, international cooperation at a global scale is essential for the development of meteorology and operational hydrology as well as to reap the benefits from their application. WMO provides the framework for such international cooperation.
▪️WMO originated from the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which was founded in 1873 to facilitate the exchange of weather information across national borders.
▪️Established in 1950, the WMO became a specialized agency of the United Nations in 1951.
▪️Its mandate is in the areas of meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences.
▪️Since its establishment, WMO has played a unique and powerful role in contributing to the safety and welfare of humanity.
▪️It has fostered collaboration between the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of its Members and furthered the application of meteorology in many areas.
▪️Greenhouse Gas Bulletin is published annually by World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Hence statement 2 is correct.

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Q. With reference to the Polavaram Project, consider the following statements:

1.The project aims to transfer the surplus water from Godavari to Krishna river basin.
2. Under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, Polavaram Irrigation Project has been declared a National Project.

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Polavaram Project:

▪️It is an under-construction multi-purpose irrigation National project on the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh.
▪️It will facilitate an inter-basin water transfer from the Godavari River to the Krishna river through its Right canal. Hence statement 1 is correct.
▪️The project is a multipurpose major terminal reservoir project for the development of Irrigation, Hydropower and drinking water facilities.
▪️The project was started in 2008, accorded national status in 2014 in the Andhra Pradesh Bifurcation Act. Hence statement 2 is correct.

About Godavari River:
▪️The Godavari is the largest Peninsular river system. It is also called the Dakshin Ganga.
▪️It rises in the Nasik district of Maharashtra and discharges its water into the Bay of Bengal.
▪️The Godavari basin extends over states of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Karnataka, Puducherry.
▪️The Pravara, Manjira and Maner are right bank tributaries and the Purna, Pranhita, Indravathi and Sabari are important left-bank tributaries.

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Q. With reference to the Global Offshore Wind Alliance, consider the following statements:

1. It is set up by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Denmark and the Global Wind Energy Council.
2. The alliance brings together governments, the private sector, international organizations and other stakeholders to accelerate the deployment of offshore wind power.

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Global Offshore Wind Alliance (GOWA):

▪️GOWA was established to ramp up of offshore wind in order to tackle the climate and energy security crises.
▪️It was set up by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Denmark and the Global Wind Energy Council. Hence statement 1 is correct.
▪️ The alliance brings together governments, the private sector, international organizations and other stakeholders to accelerate the deployment of offshore wind power. Hence statement 2 is correct.
▪️Offshore wind energy refers to the deployment of wind farms inside the water bodies. They utilise the sea winds to generate electricity. These wind farms either use fixed-foundation turbines or floating wind turbines.

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Polity 13
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Polity 14
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Polity 15
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Q. With reference to the culture of India, consider the following statements:

1. Bumchu Festival is one of the biggest Buddhist Festival of Sikkim.
2. It is also termed as the ‘kumbh mela’ of Sikkim.

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Bumchu festival:

▪️Bumchu festival is celebrated in Sikkim. Hence statement 1 is correct.
▪️Bhumchu (Bhum is a pot, Chum is water = pot of sacred water) is a Buddhist festival, which on the Tibetan lunar calendar is held on the 14th and 15th day of the first month, which is between February and March on the Gregorian calendar.
▪️It is also termed as the ‘kumbh mela’ of Sikkim. Hence statement 2 is correct.
▪️The Bumchu festival was started during the Namgyal dynasty of Sikkim (1642-1975).
▪️The Bumchu festival is observed at the Tashiding Monastery in West Sikkim.
▪️The main attraction of the festival is the opening of the vase that holds sacred water. The amount of water in the vessel is thought to be an indicator of the upcoming year’s prosperity, making it the festival’s central point of interest.
▪️The festival is believed to predict the upcoming forecasts and events for Sikkim in the coming year.
▪️Undoubtedly, one of the most important and holiest festivals for all the Buddhists in Sikkim and around, it also provides for a perfect platform for all those Non-Buddhists who seek a deeper insight into Buddhism and its religious customs, beliefs and rituals.

About Tashiding Monastery:

▪️Tashiding Monastery is a Buddhist monastery of the Nyingma sect of Tibetan Buddhism in Western Sikkim, northeastern India, which is the most sacred and holiest monastery in Sikkim.
▪️It is described as the "Heart of Sikkim/Denzong", citing to its importance of religious sacredness.
▪️It is located on top of the hill rising between the Rathong chu and the Rangeet River, 40 kilometres from Gyalshing and 19 kilometres to the south east of Yuksam.

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World Happiness Report 2023:

▪️India has been ranked at the 126th place among 146 countries in the recently released World Happiness Report.
▪️It is an annual publication of the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN).
▪️It is based on global survey data from people in more than 150 countries.
▪️It is based on people's own assessment of their happiness, as well as economic and social data.
▪️The report considers six key factors: social support, income, health, freedom, generosity, and absence of corruption.
▪️It assigns a happiness score based on an average of data over a three-year period.

Highlights of World Happiness Report 2023:
- Finland has been named the happiest country in the world for the sixth consecutive year.
- India is ranked 126, ten places higher than its ranking of 136 in 2022. It remains below most neighboring counties, including Pakistan (108) and Sri Lanka (112).

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Porter Prize 2023:

▪️In a significant achievement towards recognizing efforts in health sector and especially COVID management, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) received the Porter Prize 2023.
▪️The prize was announced at “The India Dialog” organized by Institute for Competitiveness (IFC) and US Asia Technology Management Center (USATMC) at Stanford University.

What is Porter Prize?

▪️Porter Prize is named after Michael E. Porter, an economist, researcher, author, advisor, speaker and teacher.
▪️He has brought economic theory and strategy concepts to bear on many of the most challenging problems facing corporations, economies and societies, including market competition and company strategy, economic development, the environment and healthcare.
▪️His research has received numerous awards, and he is the most cited scholar today in economics and business.

Why MoHFW awarded this prize?

▪️The prize recognizes the strategy followed by the Government of India in managing COVID-19, the approach, and involvement of various stakeholders especially involvement of ASHA workers in the industry to create PPE Kits.
▪️It was also noted that “the idea of vaccine development and vaccine manufacturing and the scale that India achieved, was tremendous.
▪️India has delivered more than 2.5 billion doses today, which has just been amazing. The ministry took all the necessary steps to combat the Covid situation in the country.”

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Polity 16
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