Q. With reference to the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL), consider the following statements:

1. It is a statutory body established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
2. Union Minister of Environment is a chairperson of NBWL.
3. NBWL consist of Members of Parliament (MPs) as its members.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

National Board for Wildlife:

▪️Statement 1 is incorrect. The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) is the apex body in India for all wildlife-related matters. It is primarily responsible for the promotion of wildlife conservation and the development of wildlife and forests. It is a statutory body constituted under Section 5A of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (WLPA).

▪️Statement 2 is incorrect. The NBWL is chaired by the Prime Minister. It has 47 members including the Prime Minister. Among these, 19 members are ex-officio members.

▪️Statement 3 is correct. NBWL consist of Members of Parliament (MPs) as its members.

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Economy 27
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Economy 28
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Q. Consider the following statements:

1. More energy is released in the nuclear fusion process than in nuclear fission.
2. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is an international nuclear fission research.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

▪️Scientists in the United Kingdom have managed to produce the largest amount of energy so far from a nuclear fusion reaction, the same process that makes the Sun, and all other stars, shine and emit energy.

▪️This result is being seen as a major breakthrough in the ongoing global efforts to produce a fusion nuclear reactor.

▪️All current nuclear reactors are based on the fission process, in which the nucleus of a heavier atom is split into those of lighter elements in a controlled manner. This process is accompanied with the release of large amounts of energy.

▪️Fusion is the opposite process, in which nuclei of relatively lighter atoms, typically those of hydrogen, are fused to make the nucleus of a heavier atom.

▪️Statement 1 is correct. Much more energy is released in the fusion process than in fission.

▪️Statement 2 is not correct. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at replicating the fusion processes of the Sun to create energy on the Earth.

▪️Upon completion of construction of the main reactor and first plasma, planned for late 2025, it will be the world's largest magnetic confinement plasma physics experiment and the largest experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor.

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Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECM) site:

▪️The Aravalli Biodiversity Park in Gurugram was declared India’s first “other effective area-based conservation measures” (OECM) site on the occasion of World Wetlands Day.

▪️The OECM tag is given by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to areas that are not protected but support rich biodiversity.

▪️The OECM tag does not bring any legal, financial or management implications, but designates the area as a biodiversity hotspot on the international map.

▪️The proposal to declare Aravalli Biodiversity Park an OECM site was sent by the National Biodiversity Authority to the IUCN in December 2020.

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Q. Which of the following research stations are located in Arctic region?

1. IndARC
2. Himadri
3. Maitri

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▪️Himadri is India's first permanent Arctic research station located at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway.
- It was inaugurated on the 1st of July, 2008 by the Minister of Earth Sciences.
- Himadri's functions include long term monitoring of the fjord (Kongsfjorden) dynamics, and atmospheric research.

▪️IndARC is India's first underwater moored observatory in the Arctic region.
- It was deployed in 2014 at Kongsfjorden fjord, Svalbard, Norway which is midway between Norway and North Pole.
-Its research goal is to study the Arctic climate and its influence on the monsoon.

▪️Maitri also known as Friendship Research Centre, is India's second permanent research station in Antarctica as part of the Indian Antarctic Programme.

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