#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

▪️Statement 1 is incorrect. Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. It does not meant that pH must fall below 7 or 6.

▪️Statement 2 is correct. Phytoplankton are the main reason the ocean is one of the biggest carbon sinks. These microscopic marine algae and bacteria play a huge role in the world's carbon cycle - absorbing about as much carbon as all the plants and trees on land combined.

▪️Statement 3 is incorrect. Though all oceans are interconnected, pH levels are not uniformly distributed across the oceans.
-The ocean's average pH is now around 8.1 , which is basic (or alkaline), but as the ocean continues to absorb more CO2, the pH decreases and the ocean becomes more acidic.

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Economy 26
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Q. With reference to an economic scenario, consider the following statements:

1. growth rate of the economy slows down
W. the level of unemployment remains steadily high
3. yet the inflation or price level remains high at the same time

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

▪️Stagflation is a term that defines a situation characterised by a simultaneous increase in prices (inflation) and stagnation of economic growth.
▪️Stagflation can also be defined as a period of inflation combined with a decline in the gross domestic product (GDP).
▪️The situation may comprise of following elements-
-growth rate of the economy slows down
-the level of unemployment remains steadily high
-yet the inflation or price level remains high at the same time.
▪️The term Stagflation was coined by Iain Macleod, a Conservative Party MP in the United Kingdom, in November 1965.

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SPR 2023: Places in News

SPR 2023: SPECIES IN NEWS

Q. With reference to the Protected Areas in India, consider the following statements:

1. As per provisions of the Wildlife Protection Act only State Governments have power to designate area as National park or wildlife sanctuary.
2. The Chief Wild Life Warden shall be the authority who shall control, manage and maintain all Protected Areas.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

▪️Statement 1 is incorrect. Both Central Government and State Governments can designate an area as protected area. As per Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, there are four types of protected areas. These are National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Conservation Reserve and Community Reserve.

▪️Statement 2 is correct. The Chief Wild Life Warden shall be the authority who shall control, manage and maintain all Protected Areas.

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Q. With reference to the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL), consider the following statements:

1. It is a statutory body established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
2. Union Minister of Environment is a chairperson of NBWL.
3. NBWL consist of Members of Parliament (MPs) as its members.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

National Board for Wildlife:

▪️Statement 1 is incorrect. The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) is the apex body in India for all wildlife-related matters. It is primarily responsible for the promotion of wildlife conservation and the development of wildlife and forests. It is a statutory body constituted under Section 5A of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (WLPA).

▪️Statement 2 is incorrect. The NBWL is chaired by the Prime Minister. It has 47 members including the Prime Minister. Among these, 19 members are ex-officio members.

▪️Statement 3 is correct. NBWL consist of Members of Parliament (MPs) as its members.

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Economy 27
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Economy 28
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Q. Consider the following statements:

1. More energy is released in the nuclear fusion process than in nuclear fission.
2. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is an international nuclear fission research.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

▪️Scientists in the United Kingdom have managed to produce the largest amount of energy so far from a nuclear fusion reaction, the same process that makes the Sun, and all other stars, shine and emit energy.

▪️This result is being seen as a major breakthrough in the ongoing global efforts to produce a fusion nuclear reactor.

▪️All current nuclear reactors are based on the fission process, in which the nucleus of a heavier atom is split into those of lighter elements in a controlled manner. This process is accompanied with the release of large amounts of energy.

▪️Fusion is the opposite process, in which nuclei of relatively lighter atoms, typically those of hydrogen, are fused to make the nucleus of a heavier atom.

▪️Statement 1 is correct. Much more energy is released in the fusion process than in fission.

▪️Statement 2 is not correct. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at replicating the fusion processes of the Sun to create energy on the Earth.

▪️Upon completion of construction of the main reactor and first plasma, planned for late 2025, it will be the world's largest magnetic confinement plasma physics experiment and the largest experimental tokamak nuclear fusion reactor.

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