https://t.me/geography_champs

Geography Optional Students can join.

Q. With reference to the World Hindi Day (Diwas), consider the following statements:

1. The very first World Hindi Day was celebrated in the year 1951 by then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru to promote Hindi as global language.
2. The Hindi Diwas is used to spread awareness about the use of the Indian language as well as the ongoing issues with Hindi usage and promotion.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

World Hindi Day/Diwas:

▪️Every year on January 10, we commemorate World Hindi Day. Also known as Vishwa Hindi Diwas, it marks the day when Hindi was first spoken in the United Nations General Assembly in 1949.
▪️The very first World Hindi Day was celebrated on January 10, 2006, at the behest of former prime minister Dr Manmohan Singh. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
▪️World Hindi Day is an occasion to recognise Hindi as a universal language.
▪️The Hindi Diwas is used to spread awareness about the use of the Indian language as well as the ongoing issues with Hindi usage and promotion. Hence statement 2 is correct.
▪️It also places a strong emphasis on developing a passion for the language and valuing the contributions of Hindi speakers.
▪️Hindi was made the official language of the Union of India in 1950. The official language of India is designated as Hindi in Devanagari script in Article 343 of the Indian Constitution.
▪️To promote the Hindi language, the government of India also hosts a conference. Dubbed the "World Hindi Conference," it was first organised in 1975 in Nagpur.
▪️A total of 122 representatives from 30 nations attended the conference.

▪️This year, 2023, in partnership with the Government of Fiji, the Ministry of External Affairs will host the 12th World Hindi Conference in Fiji from February 15–17.
▪️The World Hindi Day 2023 conference's main theme is "Hindi: From Traditional Knowledge to Artificial Intelligence."

This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course.
Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20

All PDF available on the Samajho app.

Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1

Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. With reference to the First Movers Coalition (FMC), consider the following statements:

1. The FMC was launched by US Presiden in 2021.
2. The aim of the coalition is to create a robust market for clean energy technologies.
3. India, Japan, Norway, Italy, and Sweden. UK, USA, Singapore, Germany, Denmark. Canada have joined the coalition so far.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

First Movers Coalition (FMC):

▪️Recently, India joined the First Movers Coalition to decarbonise carbon-heavy sectors.

▪️It is led by the World Economic Forum and the US government.

▪️The FMC was launched by US President Joe Biden in 2021. He launched it at the Climate Change Conference held in Glasgow. Hence statement 1 is correct.

▪️The aim of the coalition is to create a robust market for clean energy technologies. Hence statement 2 is correct.

▪️The FMC aims to aid high-emitting industries like aviation, steel, shipping, and chemicals to decarbonize. This is to be achieved by leveraging their purchasing power.

▪️India, Japan, Norway, Italy, and Sweden. UK, USA, Singapore, Germany, Denmark. Canada joined the coalition in 2023. Apart from these countries, 60 other multinational companies are also part of FMC. Hence statement 3 is correct.

This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course.
Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20

All PDF available on the Samajho app.

Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1

Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

BIND Scheme:

▪️The Cabinet on 4th January 2023 approved the “Broadcast Infrastructure Network Development (BIND)” Scheme with an outlay of Rs. 2539.61 Cr for modernization, upgradation, and expansion of All India Radio and Doordarshan for the five-year period ending 2025-26.

▪️The plan includes priority projects of AIR and Doordarshan with a focus on expansion and strengthening of the FM radio Network and Mobile TV Production facilities amounting to Rs. 950 Cr which are to be completed on fast-track mode.

▪️The plan aims at major upgradation to create better infrastructure and widen the public broadcaster’s reach in LWE, border, and strategic areas.

▪️The development of high-quality content for both domestic and international audiences, and the availability of diverse content by upgrading the capacity of the DTH platform to accommodate more channels will expand the choice available to the audience.

▪️The plan also aims at the expansion of the FM network primarily in tier-II & tier-III cities with a focus on LWE and aspirational districts.

▪️Amongst the twin verticals of Prasar Bharati, AIR serves its listeners in the country through 501 AIR Broadcasting Centers with 653 AIR Transmitters (122 Medium Wave, 7 Short Wave, and 524 FM Transmitters) giving World Services, Neighbourhood Services, 43 Vividh Bharati Channels, 25 Rainbow Channels, and 4 FM Gold Channels.

▪️Doordarshan serves its viewers with 66 Doordarshan Kendra producing 36 DD Channels, disseminating through various delivery platforms such as Cable, DTH, IPTV “NewsOnAIR” mobile app, various YouTube Channels, and with its international channel DD India having a global presence in 190+ countries on various platforms.

This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course.
Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20

All PDF available on the Samajho app.

Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1

Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Economy 1
#Prelims #Revision #Samajho #SPR+

Get Full Current Affairs for Prelims & Mains at Samajho's Corner: https://samajho.com/samajhos-corner/

PDF of all topics available only on the Samajho app: http://goo.gl/Z8vNkY

Economy 2
#Prelims #Revision #Samajho #SPR+

Get Full Current Affairs for Prelims & Mains at Samajho's Corner: https://samajho.com/samajhos-corner/

PDF of all topics available only on the Samajho app: http://goo.gl/Z8vNkY

Economy 3
#Prelims #Revision #Samajho #SPR+

Get Full Current Affairs for Prelims & Mains at Samajho's Corner: https://samajho.com/samajhos-corner/

PDF of all topics available only on the Samajho app: http://goo.gl/Z8vNkY

Q. Consider the following statements with reference to the one specific layer of the Atmosphere:

1. In this layer temperature rises dramatically, reaching upto 4500°F.
2. This layer protects the Earth from meteors and obsolete satellites.
3. This layer also helps in the long distance communication.

Layers of Atmosphere

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

Thermosphere:

▪️The thermosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere that is directly above the mesosphere and below the exosphere. It extends from about 90 km (56 miles) to between 500 and 1,000 km (311 to 621 miles) above our planet.

▪️Temperatures climb sharply in the lower thermosphere (below 200 to 300 km altitude), then level off and hold fairly steady with increasing altitude above that height. Solar activity strongly influences temperature in the thermosphere. The thermosphere is typically about 200° C (360° F) hotter in the daytime than at night, and roughly 500° C (900° F) hotter when the Sun is very active than at other times. Temperatures in the upper thermosphere can range from about 500° C (932° F) to 2,000° C (3,632° F) or higher.

▪️The boundary between the thermosphere and the exosphere above it is called the thermopause. At the bottom of the thermosphere is the mesopause, the boundary between the thermosphere and the mesosphere below.

▪️Although the thermosphere is considered part of Earth's atmosphere, the air density is so low in this layer that most of the thermosphere is what we normally think of as outer space. In fact, the most common definition says that space begins at an altitude of 100 km (62 miles), slightly above the mesopause at the bottom of the thermosphere. The space shuttle and the International Space Station both orbit Earth within the thermosphere!

▪️Ionosphere is a part of this layer. It extends between 80-400 km. This layer helps in radio transmission. In fact, radio waves transmitted from the earth are reflected back to the earth by this layer.

▪️Finally, the aurora (the Southern and Northern Lights) primarily occur in the thermosphere. Charged particles (electrons, protons, and other ions) from space collide with atoms and molecules in the thermosphere at high latitudes, exciting them into higher energy states. Those atoms and molecules shed this excess energy by emitting photons of light, which we see as colorful auroral displays.

This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course.
Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20

All PDF available on the Samajho app.

Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1

Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

Q. With reference to the local winds across the Earth, consider the following statements:

1. Chinook is the hot and dry wind that blows along the Rockies mountain.
2. Foehn is the cold and dry wind that blows along the Alps mountain.
3. Harmattan also known as Doctor is the warm and dry local wind.

#Solution #Samajho #SPR+

Local winds:

▪️The Local Winds are basically originated due to Convection from daytime heating; Unequal heating and cooling of the surface; and Gravity, including downdrafts

Chinook:
▪️Chinook is Foehn-like winds that blow down the west slopes of the Rockies in the United States and Canada. It benefits farmers east of the Rockies because it keeps the grasslands free of snow for the majority of the winter. Hence statement 1 is correct.

Foehn (or) Fohn:
▪️Foehn is a hot breeze with local significance in the Alps. Hence statement 2 is not correct.

A strong, gusty, dry, and warm wind blows on the leeward side of a mountain range. Because the windward side takes away any moisture in the entering wind in the form of orographic precipitation, the air that descends on the leeward side is dry and heated (Katabatic Wind).

▪️Harmattan or the Doctor wind is an Easterly or North-Easterly wind that blows in West Africa in Tropic of Cancer. It blows from the Sahara Desert over West Africa into the Gulf of Guinea. It is called Doctor Wind as due to its excessive dryness it kills the pests, germs, etc. Hence statement 3 is correct.

This Question was asked in SPR+ Crash Course.
Join here: https://premium.samajho.com/purchase?product=20

All PDF available on the Samajho app.

Samajho's android app: https://bit.ly/3H9hva1

Samajho's ios app: https://apple.co/3H8ZJE2

https://samajho.com/upsc/a-culture-of-cohesion-to-save-young-lives-on-campuses-on-the-rising-trend-of-suicides-in-higher-education-institutes-in-india-18th-april-2023-upsc-daily-editorial-analysis/

A culture of cohesion to save young lives on campuses - On the rising trend of suicides in higher education institutes in India | 18th April 2023 | UPSC Daily Editorial Analysis