دي اشياء زياده
مريت عليها وذاكرتها..

ذاكروهم بفاهم مع تجميعات شهر 7و 8 و9 وربي يوفقكم و يكتب لكم اعلى سكور يارب ❤️❤️✨

Diet, vitamins

• Low fat diet> Skimmed milk, yolk // Beans, fish
• Food causes Gas > Asparagus and Broccoli,Cherries, Radishes, Watermelon
• High potassium diet> orange
• Low potassium diet> Strawberry
• Low iron > Cheese pizza, pasta with tomato sauce
• High purines> Red meat

• Bulk forming foods? Fiber(whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes) | increase Fluid

• TPN-Defect beta cells of the langerhans /gradually to avoid > Hyeprglycemia
• Order TPN and PT have complications —-> check blood glucose level

🔴Pediatric :
• Diet 8 month —-> Egg yolk 🐣
• Diet > 1 year —-> Egg whites
• Milk >1 year —-> Cow milk 🥛
• food for Rickets —-> egg yolk and fish 🐟🥚

🔴Food to avoid :
• Pregnant> avoid Raw meat, soft/ unprocessed cheese, unpasteurised milk
+ castor oil? Stimulate the uterus contraction
• Anaemia -> avoid Chocolate, Tea, caffeine
• Glomerulonephritis —-> avoid fluid
• Celiac —-> avoid Wheat, rye , bran ( oats ) , barley🌾 + **Need ( Gluten free)
• Olecystectomy —-> avoid whole milk
• Prevent stones > avoid liver
• High cortisol/cholesterol ->avoid White bread, chicken ( should low fat )
• Cancer > avoid fatty food

🔴Food after surgery:
• Tonsillectomy, Thyroidectomy —> Apple juice
• Tonsillectomy —-> mashed potatoes, soup
• Cholecystectomy > Grapes and gelatin
• Vagotomy ——-—-> increased fluid intake, output to prevent dehydration
• IVP intravenous pyelogram? Encourage oral intake fluids
• IBD after stoma to avoid post-operative intestinal obstruction?Yogurt, parsley

🔴
• Hyperemesis gravidarum > Ginger 🫚
**Nausea early morning? biscuits, cracker before getting out bed

• Urinary tract infection > Cranberry juice
• kidney stones > Cranberry ( lower acidity ),increase fluid ,prunes
**After remove > Help Inhibit infection)
• Acute renal failure (ARF) >low Sodium
• pyelonephritis > Increased fluid intake 💧
• Gout >Low-purine(fruits,vegetable,low-fat dairy,whole grains,nuts,legumes, eggs.
• Crohn’s —-> High protein , Low residue
• Parkinsonism —-> semi solid 👴🏻
• Nephrotic syndrome —-> low salt , low fat , low fluid,normal protein

• Bowlegs ( low calcium) —-> Egg yolks
• Vegetarin Diet( high protein )—-> Lentils 🌾
• Vitamin D deficiency -> Fish, liver, oils, dairy ** Chest assessment? Rosary
• Vitamin A deficiency -> Vegetables, carrots **Causes? Night Blindness

• Vegetarian -> Lentils ** high risk? Vitamin B 12 deficiency

• To enhance absorption of iron supplements for anemia? Vitamin C
• To prevent peripheral Neuropathy? vitamin B6
• Hepatic (Increases protein intake) causes harmful effects > ammonia

• Drug Not effects by grapefruit ?Aspirin
• Avoid seasonings that are salt substitutes ? spironolactone =Aldactone
• Tetracycline avoid ? Milk

Medications

Vancomycin?MARSA

Ceftriaxone?Gonorrhea-Complication to newborn? (Blindness).

Azithromycin?Chlamydia

Rifampin /Isoniazia?TB

Dexamethasone? Preterm birth,To promote fetal lung maturation

Indomethacin? Assist in closure
PPA

• lithium carbonate : **(N=0.8-1.2)
Severe toxicity? nystagmus, visual hallucination, oliguria, seizure
Moderate toxic? Polyuria , hypotension, hand tremor
Mild toxicity ? GIT (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
^Withhold the next dose
* avoid working outdoors in a hot weather,^ sweating,^ fluids intake

• Haloperidol > form stopped posture, shuffling gait, pill-rolling movement of his hands? SE of Pseudo parkinsonism

• Antipsychotics adverse effects? Extrapyramidal symptoms

• Overdose of Benzodiazepine? Seizure. **Avoid with alcohol

• Carbamazepine SE? Sexual dysfunction

• Diazepam? To control Convulsions, eclampsia

• Chlordiazepoxide(Librium)?reduce symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

• Zolpidem | sedative-hypnotics? insomnia

• Clozapine | Atypical Antipsychotic (New generation) ?less SE
* SE?agranulocytosis.

• Amiodarone | anti-arrhythmic? Absent P-waves,Atrial fibrillation, PSV

• Adenosine (Adenocard) | anti-arrhythmic ? SVT,
**monitor for asystole few sec

• Digoxin | Digitalis glycosides->Tachycardia+AF, to decrease HR
**If HR <60 HOLD
• Atropin | Anticholinergic -> Bradycardia , to increase HR

• Albuterol? Check HR BEFORE || Morphine? Check RR BEFORE

• Aspirin stopped at least 7 to 10 days before surgery.
• Warfarin stopped at least 2 to 3 days before surgery.
• Heparin hold 6 hr before surgery.
• Glucophage =Metformin hold 48hr before, after surgery

• Furosemide/Lasix |Diuretic, Check before (Bp , HR , urine output)
**SE? hypokalemia

• Metoclopramide|Antiemetics,Piokinetics?N/V,empty stomach faster
**SE? Headache

• Nifedipine | Calcium channel blockers ? Raynaud phenomenon,
reducing attacks, pain, disability

• Magnesium sulfate? prevent Convulsions, preeclampsia| Alert RR
Toxicity? Respiratory Depression, ⬇️BP,⬇️HR,deep tendon Reflex )

• Steroid->Contraindications immunisation+ during pregnancy

• Prednisone |Corticosteroids for? Nephrotic syndrome+ SE? (Anorxia )
** If with bronchial asthma,drug exhibit,experience? Tachycardia

• 1-Beta agonist + 2-corticosteroids for ? Asthma

• MOA corticosteroids ? Reduced inflammatory response, fewer exacerbations, reduced oedema, mucus. production, Increase responsiveness to β-agonist.

• Hydrocortisone rote ? Nose

• Orlistat ? For lipase inhibitors, weight, nutrition management,
**multivitamin + orlistat /Disfral at least two hours apart.

• Codeine| opiate (narcotic) analgesics

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor(MAOI)|Antidepressant,Avoid tyramine
*consume tyramine > Hypertensive crisis
*Toxicity? severe nausea, vomiting> Stop infusion
*SE? dizziness, drowsiness,headache, Blurred vision, nausea

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs)|Antidepressant,low SE

• MOA combined oral contraceptives?
1-suppress ovulation,reduce sperm transport in fallopian tubes ,change endometrium making implantation less likely,thicken cervical mucus (preventing sperm penetration)

• Pregnancy patches contradiction/ reduced effect? Over wt 80

• Adverse reactions of captopril (Capo ten) ? Persistent cough *For HTN

• NSAIDs->Drug can take from local pharmacy

• Amikacin (amikacin sulfate)+ severe respiratory distress > Toxic effect

• Streptokinase+fever,SOB >Allergic reaction

• Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)? Topical cream NSAIDs, corticosteroids, antimalarials immunosuppressants

• Diphenhydramine | antihistamines for? sever itching

• Loratadin | antihistamine SE? dizziness

• Baclofen if given for diabetic pt SE? Increase insulin demand

• Depakote ( Depakine)| anticonvulsant SE? Hair loss

• Quinine sulphate SE? Ringing in ears

• Ant malarial SE? Tinnitus

• erythropoietin/epogen effectiveness? Hemoglobin

• Pancreatic enzymes? For Cystic fibrosis
**Three times per day with meals

ملخصات من احد مختبرين ⬆️⬆️

Cyclosporine?Immunosuppressives →treat organ rejection post-transplant

 Surfactant ? Premature with [ROS], Begin to be Produced? 24w, Mature?28w, rout
? Endotracheal

Desteral, Deferox amine deferasirox? Thalassemia ,
managing iron overload. Toxicity? Hearing loss

Cortisone? Early morning

Methergine?postpartum hemorrhage sub involution, Avoid With preeclampsia

Progestin Only Pil -Mini pill? Contraceptive for breastfeeding mothers, SE? Spitting between memes

Oral contraceptives increase the risk of? Breast cancer

Contraindications Oral contraceptives? Thrombophlebitis, HTN

Side effect of Oral contraceptives? Nausea,water retention,weight gain

Tocolytic Agent?inhibit contractions

Oxytocin? Contraction个

Methimazole/ Thiamazole ?Hyperthyroidism

Levothyroxine>Hyporthyroidism
synthetic thyroid hormone? decrease bone density.

Bisacodyl/ Dulcolax? Decrease ICP

Mannitol ? Decrease ICP, side effect ? Decrease urine output

🛑Newborn + paediatric
-fetus’s name( 3- 8 w)? Embryonic
-Moist or wet lung sounds -> Normal
-T: 97°F and 99.5°F (36.1°C to 37.5°C) || HR: 120-160 || RR: 30-60 || BP:Systolic —-> 60-80 / Dystolic —-> 20-60
-Preterm newborn >Prominent labia minor and smaller labia major
-Mottling :Small blotchy, reddish/bluish, pale with a lace-like pattern on the skin, being cold/ having immature circulation
- Milia: Small whitish over nose
-Mongolian spots: large blue macular over left buttocks
- Lanugo: Soft, fine, back hair
-Vernix caseosa: Waxy/cheese-white substance found coating the skin,Protects skin from infection, fluid loss

- VitK>IM( Vastus lateralis) ,(0.5-1mg),prevent bleeding, increases clotting factor, Converting prothrombin to thrombin
- Newborn stomach capacity —-> 6ml
- Newborn mortality rate —-> 1:1000
-Anterior fontanelle closes —-> 12-18 month || Posterior fontanelle closes —-> end of 2nd month
-Immunity system reaches normal full mature? 12 months
-Meconium?Black, 24hr, Thick, doesn’t smell || Transational? Brown, 2-4days, softer

• Photography require if Albumin\ Billirubin rate? 5-8 , (>5 : Phototherapy || <5 : No need)
-Physiological jaundice appears> 2–3 days.
-Breastfeeding jaundice with a latent onset? 2-4 weeks
-late breast feeding jaundice occurs?10 days *
-late breastfeeding jaundice starts? After 2 weeks*
-Cephalohematoma risk for > Pathological jaundice

- Cyanosis in Dark-skin—-> Lips || Jaundice in Dark-skin—-> Hard palate

-Epispadis > Urethra opening in dorsal ( upside )
-Hypospadias> Urethra opening in ventral (underside) **Avoid Before (Circumcision) / Avoid After (Activity 2w)
-Hydrocele > One of the testes are enlarged
-Polydactyly > Extra finger || Syndactyly >Tow digits or fingers fused together

-Tonsillectomy
<7 episodes in the past year
<5 episodes per year in the past 2 yrs,
<3 episodes per year in the past 3 yrs

🛑Psychiatric :
-Neologism —>newly word that has special meaning only to the client
- Word Salad > Mixture of words No meaning
- Echolalia —-> Repetition of Similar words from another person
- Palilalia ——> Repetition own word
- Clang Association>repetition words Similar in sound but another word
- loss of association=Associates lessness>: (schizophrenia) speech lack logical connection
-Hallucination: false sensory perception, seeing or hearing something that isn't there
-illusion:misinterpretation of a real sensory stimulus, like mistaking a coat for a person in the dark.
-Delusion: firm, false belief, persists despite evidence to the contrary
-Ideas of reference: thoughts that unrelated events have a special personal message for an individual.

-Serotonin receptor —-> Mood + memory || Decreased Serotonin —->Alzheimer
-Dopamine: Motor || Increased dopamine —-> Schizophrenia

-Somatization: Physical symptoms Not explained physical/mental disorders
-Depersonalization: detached from their own body, thoughts, feelings, as observing them from an external perspective.
-Agoraphobia :fear of public/ crowded spaces

-Circumstantiality: Before getting to point/ answering a question, the client gets caught up in countless details, explanations.


🛑*Research :
Qualitative research = research question Only || *Interview, open- end Q( عدد قليل )
Quantative research = research question + hypothesis || * questiannoire, close Q(عدد كبير )
Best type of evidence-based practice for teaching diabetic patients? Systematic review of randomize control
Sigma theory first priority >Patient safety

هذا اسئلة زياده دعواتكم لصاحبه 🙏🙏