Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
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#See4Yourself & #Think4Yourself
🎬 WHY?: Revisiting NATO atrocities in Yugoslavia after 15 yrs - an RT Doc Film.
Synopsis: On the evening of March 24, 1999, several of Yugoslavia's largest cities were subjected to NATO airstrikes. The bombing, which lasted for three months, left hundreds dead and wounded and thousands of damaged lives. Many are still haunted by that nightmare.
RT correspondents - a Serb and an American - travel across the former Yugoslavia to explore the human cost of NATO's 1999 military campaign against Belgrade and the media onslaught against the Milosevic regime. Anissa Naouai and Jelena Milincic discover the very different ways the war was portrayed in the US and Serbia; and meet the people still traumatized by the 3-month bombing.
👉 Watch the full film by RT Documentary
🎬 WHY?: Revisiting NATO atrocities in Yugoslavia after 15 yrs - an RT Doc Film.
Synopsis: On the evening of March 24, 1999, several of Yugoslavia's largest cities were subjected to NATO airstrikes. The bombing, which lasted for three months, left hundreds dead and wounded and thousands of damaged lives. Many are still haunted by that nightmare.
RT correspondents - a Serb and an American - travel across the former Yugoslavia to explore the human cost of NATO's 1999 military campaign against Belgrade and the media onslaught against the Milosevic regime. Anissa Naouai and Jelena Milincic discover the very different ways the war was portrayed in the US and Serbia; and meet the people still traumatized by the 3-month bombing.
👉 Watch the full film by RT Documentary
👍4
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
⚡️ Russia's Foreign Ministry Statement in connection with the 25th anniversary of NATO aggression against Yugoslavia
READ IN FULL
History knows many events which, by virtue of their profound impact on the international order, marked a change of eras.
The NATO attack on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on March 24, 1999 is certainly one such event. It went beyond being a tragic milestone in the life of the Serbian people with thousands of ruined lives and desecrated national dignity, and included a devastating blow to international law and European security foundations that had been laid after World War II.
The United States and the EU got finally convinced in their own impunity and moral superiority which was bad news for those who prefer to choose their own path rather than become someone’s tool in their efforts to realise their own interests. The strategic balance of power collapsed, and a drawn-out crisis of international relations ensued which continues to worsen.
The US and its allies who assaulted a peaceful European country trampled on the UN Charter and the CSCE/OSCE principles, and desecrated the very notion of sovereignty. <...> The widespread use of depleted uranium munitions by NATO has led to a multifold increase in cancer cases in that region, contaminated the environment where millions of people had lived for many years, and went down in history as a separate dark chapter on the list of NATO crimes.
During the 78 days of military aggression 14,000 bombs were dropped on Yugoslavia and over 2,000 missiles were fired, including cluster and demolition shells. Under the mocking front of a “humanitarian intervention,” mostly civilian targets were hit, including residential districts, hospitals, schools, bridges, mass transit vehicles, and refugee convoys. Thousands of civilians were killed, including 89 children, whom the Western coalition cynically referred to as “collateral damage.” No one has ever been held accountable for these atrocities, and international justice turned a deaf ear to the suffering of the Serbs and let NATO atrocities go unnoticed.
<...>
❓ This inevitably begs the question: was the “Kosovo project” worth the sacrifice and destruction that the alliance brought upon Yugoslavia? Has the self-proclaimed “republic” added stability or prosperity to the Balkan region?
There is no doubt that the United States’ concern for the rights of Kosovo Albanians is a fake claim from the get-go. It is nothing but a false pretext for the crackdown on Serbs.
<...>
This is what the Western “peacemaking” is all about. Its disastrous ramifications can now be seen in Ukraine, where a neo-Nazi regime has been nurtured on the basis of Washington and its supporters’ rejection of the principles of equality and mutual respect in international affairs, a regime that committed genocide against the Russian population.
We can hear the US and the EU increasingly call on Serbs to “turn the page” and forgive NATO for the invasion that took place 25 years ago. On top of that, they lay the bulk of the blame on the Serbs for the dramatic events during the breakup of Yugoslavia, including the 1999 bombing attacks. I’d be hard pressed to find proper words to describe the extent of Western shamelessness and lack of self-criticism.
The Alliance will never be able to wash off the shame of war crimes. No one believes its demagoguery about defending freedom and democracy anymore. The United States and the rest of NATO have no right whatsoever to talk about implementing an obscure new “rules-based order.” Their every effort to put together some kind of “global security architecture” is by definition malevolent and toxic, and aimed solely at perpetrating the neocolonial hegemony of the West.
❗️ Russia and its partners in Belgrade will continue to oppose the attempts to distort the history of the Yugoslav crisis and to shift the emphasis to demonising Serbs and justifying the 1999 aggression. The attempts to insult the memory of the innocent victims of NATO hangmen are unacceptable.
READ IN FULL
History knows many events which, by virtue of their profound impact on the international order, marked a change of eras.
The NATO attack on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on March 24, 1999 is certainly one such event. It went beyond being a tragic milestone in the life of the Serbian people with thousands of ruined lives and desecrated national dignity, and included a devastating blow to international law and European security foundations that had been laid after World War II.
The United States and the EU got finally convinced in their own impunity and moral superiority which was bad news for those who prefer to choose their own path rather than become someone’s tool in their efforts to realise their own interests. The strategic balance of power collapsed, and a drawn-out crisis of international relations ensued which continues to worsen.
The US and its allies who assaulted a peaceful European country trampled on the UN Charter and the CSCE/OSCE principles, and desecrated the very notion of sovereignty. <...> The widespread use of depleted uranium munitions by NATO has led to a multifold increase in cancer cases in that region, contaminated the environment where millions of people had lived for many years, and went down in history as a separate dark chapter on the list of NATO crimes.
During the 78 days of military aggression 14,000 bombs were dropped on Yugoslavia and over 2,000 missiles were fired, including cluster and demolition shells. Under the mocking front of a “humanitarian intervention,” mostly civilian targets were hit, including residential districts, hospitals, schools, bridges, mass transit vehicles, and refugee convoys. Thousands of civilians were killed, including 89 children, whom the Western coalition cynically referred to as “collateral damage.” No one has ever been held accountable for these atrocities, and international justice turned a deaf ear to the suffering of the Serbs and let NATO atrocities go unnoticed.
<...>
❓ This inevitably begs the question: was the “Kosovo project” worth the sacrifice and destruction that the alliance brought upon Yugoslavia? Has the self-proclaimed “republic” added stability or prosperity to the Balkan region?
There is no doubt that the United States’ concern for the rights of Kosovo Albanians is a fake claim from the get-go. It is nothing but a false pretext for the crackdown on Serbs.
<...>
This is what the Western “peacemaking” is all about. Its disastrous ramifications can now be seen in Ukraine, where a neo-Nazi regime has been nurtured on the basis of Washington and its supporters’ rejection of the principles of equality and mutual respect in international affairs, a regime that committed genocide against the Russian population.
We can hear the US and the EU increasingly call on Serbs to “turn the page” and forgive NATO for the invasion that took place 25 years ago. On top of that, they lay the bulk of the blame on the Serbs for the dramatic events during the breakup of Yugoslavia, including the 1999 bombing attacks. I’d be hard pressed to find proper words to describe the extent of Western shamelessness and lack of self-criticism.
The Alliance will never be able to wash off the shame of war crimes. No one believes its demagoguery about defending freedom and democracy anymore. The United States and the rest of NATO have no right whatsoever to talk about implementing an obscure new “rules-based order.” Their every effort to put together some kind of “global security architecture” is by definition malevolent and toxic, and aimed solely at perpetrating the neocolonial hegemony of the West.
❗️ Russia and its partners in Belgrade will continue to oppose the attempts to distort the history of the Yugoslav crisis and to shift the emphasis to demonising Serbs and justifying the 1999 aggression. The attempts to insult the memory of the innocent victims of NATO hangmen are unacceptable.
👍4
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎙 Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the United Nations Sergey Lavrov's address to the President of the Security Council (March 24, 1999)
💬 The Russian Federation is profoundly outraged at the use by the NATO of military force against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
☝️ Those who are involved in this unilateral use of force against the sovereign Federal Republic of Yugoslavia — carried out in violation of the Charter of the United Nations and without the authorization of the Security Council — must realize the heavy responsibility they bear for subverting the Charter and other norms of international law and for attempting to establish in the world, de facto, the primacy of force and unilateral diktat.
The members of NATO are not entitled to decide the fate of other sovereign and independent States. They must not forget that they are not only members of their alliance, but also Members of the United Nations.
❌ Attempts to justify the NATO strikes with arguments about preventing a humanitarian catastrophe in Kosovo are completely untenable.
<...>
Attempts to apply a different standard to international law and to disregard its basic norms and principles create a dangerous precedent that could cause acute destabilization and chaos on the regional and global level.
The fact that NATO has opted to use force in Kosovo raises very serious questions about the sincerity of the repeated assurances that that alliance was not claiming the role of the world’s policeman and was prepared to cooperate in the interests of common European security.
❗️ The Russian Federation vehemently demands the immediate cessation of this illegal military action against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Read in full
💬 The Russian Federation is profoundly outraged at the use by the NATO of military force against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
☝️ Those who are involved in this unilateral use of force against the sovereign Federal Republic of Yugoslavia — carried out in violation of the Charter of the United Nations and without the authorization of the Security Council — must realize the heavy responsibility they bear for subverting the Charter and other norms of international law and for attempting to establish in the world, de facto, the primacy of force and unilateral diktat.
The members of NATO are not entitled to decide the fate of other sovereign and independent States. They must not forget that they are not only members of their alliance, but also Members of the United Nations.
❌ Attempts to justify the NATO strikes with arguments about preventing a humanitarian catastrophe in Kosovo are completely untenable.
<...>
Attempts to apply a different standard to international law and to disregard its basic norms and principles create a dangerous precedent that could cause acute destabilization and chaos on the regional and global level.
The fact that NATO has opted to use force in Kosovo raises very serious questions about the sincerity of the repeated assurances that that alliance was not claiming the role of the world’s policeman and was prepared to cooperate in the interests of common European security.
❗️ The Russian Federation vehemently demands the immediate cessation of this illegal military action against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Read in full
👍5
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎙 Remarks by Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the International Seabed Authority (ISA) Sergey Petrovich during the 29th Session of the ISA Council (Kingston, Jamaica, March 18, 2024)
💬 The International Seabed Authority was established under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and is called upon to enforce the legal regime established by it for the Area proclaimed as “the common heritage of mankind.”
⚠️ However, several states that are not parties to the 1982 Convention are undermining this regime and encroaching on its resources unilaterally.
For example, on December 19, 2023, without contacting the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, the United States announced the establishment of the outer limits of its continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines which are used to measure the breadth of the territorial sea in seven areas of the world ocean. The US has unilaterally claimed rights to a total seabed area of approximately 1 million square kilometres.
☝️ Such unilateral actions contravene the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and pose a threat to the integrity of the Convention and the Area declared as the “common heritage of mankind.” <...>
Instances where some states select from the Convention the provisions that they find convenient to implement and reject those that impose certain obligations on them are untenable and undermine the delicate balance achieved in what is known as the constitution of the oceans. <...>
❗️In light of this, we once again urge the US to ratify the 1982 Convention and to duly adhere to its provisions, assuming the full range of rights and obligations therein.
👉 Based on the above, the Russian Federation declares that it does not recognise the outer limits of the continental shelf that were unilaterally established by the United States.
Read in full
💬 The International Seabed Authority was established under the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and is called upon to enforce the legal regime established by it for the Area proclaimed as “the common heritage of mankind.”
⚠️ However, several states that are not parties to the 1982 Convention are undermining this regime and encroaching on its resources unilaterally.
For example, on December 19, 2023, without contacting the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, the United States announced the establishment of the outer limits of its continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines which are used to measure the breadth of the territorial sea in seven areas of the world ocean. The US has unilaterally claimed rights to a total seabed area of approximately 1 million square kilometres.
☝️ Such unilateral actions contravene the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and pose a threat to the integrity of the Convention and the Area declared as the “common heritage of mankind.” <...>
Instances where some states select from the Convention the provisions that they find convenient to implement and reject those that impose certain obligations on them are untenable and undermine the delicate balance achieved in what is known as the constitution of the oceans. <...>
❗️In light of this, we once again urge the US to ratify the 1982 Convention and to duly adhere to its provisions, assuming the full range of rights and obligations therein.
👉 Based on the above, the Russian Federation declares that it does not recognise the outer limits of the continental shelf that were unilaterally established by the United States.
Read in full
👍4
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
💐🕯On March 30, flowers were laid at an improvised memorial near the Crocus City Hall.
The heads of missions and staff from over 130 embassies (over 350 people) took part in the event.
The Russian side is grateful to the esteemed representatives of the diplomatic corps for solidarity with the people of Russia at this difficult moment.
#ForeverInOurHearts
The heads of missions and staff from over 130 embassies (over 350 people) took part in the event.
The Russian side is grateful to the esteemed representatives of the diplomatic corps for solidarity with the people of Russia at this difficult moment.
#ForeverInOurHearts
❤12
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
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🎈 As part of the solemn ceremony at the Crocus City Hall foreign and Russian diplomats released white balloons into the sky, commemorating the victims of the terrorist attack of March 22, 2024.
#WeMourn #ForeverInOurHearts
#WeMourn #ForeverInOurHearts
❤2
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎙 Excerpts from the interview with Russia's Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov for Izvestia MIC (March 28, 2024)
Read in full
#MiddleEastSettlement
• Creating the state of Palestine within the 1967 borders in line with the UNSC resolutions is the only way to bring a lasting solution to this issue.
• Most importantly, the bloodshed should be stopped. The adoption of this resolution (UNSC 2728) is a good development. The Americans let it pass realising that if they veto this resolution, calling for a ceasefire, they would lose face in their relations with the Global Majority.
#Moldova
• Moldovan President Sandu is openly seeking to break off relations with Russia. <...> Sandu has been turned into a instrument for developing the geopolitical space first by the EU and then NATO. <...> NATO has turned Ukraine into a tool of aggression. Now, they plan to do the same with Moldova.
#Armenia
• The Armenian leadership is deliberately aiming at breaking off relations with Russia. <...> The goal of those who are trying to tempt the Armenian leadership to the side of the West is simple – to disrupt stability in the South Caucasus and to turn it into a zone of Western domination.
#MultipolarWorld
• We have already dispelled all the far-fetched aspirations that Russia can be isolated by holding the Games of the Future and the World Youth Festival.
• We are paying more attention to our common Eurasian continent, where we have CSTO, EAEU, and SCO. These organisations are establishing partner relations with other organisations in that part of the world, like ASEAN, the Arab League, and the GCC. At the same time, we are developing ties with the African Union. <...> We are doing the same in Latin America. We have many partners there.
• Today, we see the regionalisation of global development. Every region and every country would like to be able to rely on its neighbours, to see what they can do together, among themselves, without depending on the logistics, financial and other instruments which the West still controls.
Read in full
#MiddleEastSettlement
• Creating the state of Palestine within the 1967 borders in line with the UNSC resolutions is the only way to bring a lasting solution to this issue.
• Most importantly, the bloodshed should be stopped. The adoption of this resolution (UNSC 2728) is a good development. The Americans let it pass realising that if they veto this resolution, calling for a ceasefire, they would lose face in their relations with the Global Majority.
#Moldova
• Moldovan President Sandu is openly seeking to break off relations with Russia. <...> Sandu has been turned into a instrument for developing the geopolitical space first by the EU and then NATO. <...> NATO has turned Ukraine into a tool of aggression. Now, they plan to do the same with Moldova.
#Armenia
• The Armenian leadership is deliberately aiming at breaking off relations with Russia. <...> The goal of those who are trying to tempt the Armenian leadership to the side of the West is simple – to disrupt stability in the South Caucasus and to turn it into a zone of Western domination.
#MultipolarWorld
• We have already dispelled all the far-fetched aspirations that Russia can be isolated by holding the Games of the Future and the World Youth Festival.
• We are paying more attention to our common Eurasian continent, where we have CSTO, EAEU, and SCO. These organisations are establishing partner relations with other organisations in that part of the world, like ASEAN, the Arab League, and the GCC. At the same time, we are developing ties with the African Union. <...> We are doing the same in Latin America. We have many partners there.
• Today, we see the regionalisation of global development. Every region and every country would like to be able to rely on its neighbours, to see what they can do together, among themselves, without depending on the logistics, financial and other instruments which the West still controls.
❤5
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
This campaign came to be known among Russian historians as the Foreign Campaigns of the Russian Army. Together with its allied armies, namely Prussia, Austria, Sweden, and Great Britain, Russia liberated European countries from the French oppression.
📜 When the Russian Army entered France in December 1813, Emperor Alexander I issued an order. Here’s a quote from it:
Warriors! You have already saved your Motherland and brought it glory, and enabled Europe to recover its liberty and independence. Crowning this feat with the much-desired peace is all that remains.
With Paris seized by the Russians, Napoleon abdicated in Fontainebleau on April 6 under pressure from his marshals, and was exiled to the Island of Elba off the Italian coast.
Russia played an instrumental role in France’s remaining within its pre-war borders, and took French cities under its protection by preventing Prussian and Austrian troops from pillaging them. Following Alexander I’s orders, the Russian troops also ensured that the collections of the Louvre and other French museums, as well as historical monuments, remained intact.
On June 9, 1815, a new European security architecture was established a the Vienna Congress, which became one of the main outcomes of Russia’s Foreign Campaigns.
From Maria Zakharova’s briefing:
We honour the memory of our heroic ancestors, finding strength and inspiration in their valorous deeds. We’d like to advise the contemporary Western leaders and the emerging “Napoleons” who once again harbour intentions of sending troops eastward to remember the lessons of history
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❤3
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
⚡️ Foreign Ministry Statement in connection with a strike on the Consulate of Iran in Damascus
💬 In the evening of April 1, Israel’s Air Force struck the building of the Consulate of Iran in Damascus. As a result, the building was completely destroyed. A number of people, including diplomats, are reported to have been killed and wounded.
❗️ We resolutely condemn this attack on Iran’s Consulate in Syria.
We consider completely unacceptable any encroachments on the diplomatic and consular buildings, the immunity of which is guaranteed by the Vienna conventions.
We must emphasise that the attack was carried out in a densely populated district, creating high risks of civilian casualties. We believe such aggressive actions by Israel are absolutely unacceptable and must be stopped.
⚠️ We consider it necessary for all responsible members of the international community to announce their clear-cut position and a relevant legal assessment of such actions. We strongly urge the Israeli leadership to give up the practice of provocative power actions on the territory of Syria and other neighbouring countries. This practice is fraught with extremely dangerous consequences for the entire region.
💬 In the evening of April 1, Israel’s Air Force struck the building of the Consulate of Iran in Damascus. As a result, the building was completely destroyed. A number of people, including diplomats, are reported to have been killed and wounded.
❗️ We resolutely condemn this attack on Iran’s Consulate in Syria.
We consider completely unacceptable any encroachments on the diplomatic and consular buildings, the immunity of which is guaranteed by the Vienna conventions.
We must emphasise that the attack was carried out in a densely populated district, creating high risks of civilian casualties. We believe such aggressive actions by Israel are absolutely unacceptable and must be stopped.
⚠️ We consider it necessary for all responsible members of the international community to announce their clear-cut position and a relevant legal assessment of such actions. We strongly urge the Israeli leadership to give up the practice of provocative power actions on the territory of Syria and other neighbouring countries. This practice is fraught with extremely dangerous consequences for the entire region.
Forwarded from Russian MFA 🇷🇺
🎙 Foreign Ministry Spokeswoman Maria Zakharova’s comment on occasion of the 75th anniversary of NATO
💬 Maria Zakharova: Seventy-five years ago, on April 4, 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., which marked the birth of the most aggressive military alliance of our time. <...>
The way the politicians of that time saw it, NATO was designed to become the key tool for establishing and maintaining the global hegemony of Washington and its allies, which it has remained to this day. <...>
According to its first Secretary General, Lord Ismay, the purpose of NATO was to “keep the Soviet Union out, the Americans in, and the Germans down,” and it has remained unchanged to this day.
For the US, NATO has remained a key tool to keep its European allies under control and a resource base for the US defence complex. <...>
After the Cold War ended <...> Washington and its allies engaged in armed “peacekeeping” in the Balkans, which ended in a treacherous aggression against Yugoslavia, and “fighting terrorism” in Afghanistan. NATO allies joined the US-led coalition in Iraq and carried out a “humanitarian” intervention in Libya.
❗️These interventions invariably led to entire countries being ruined and broken up.
For the third year in a row now, Washington and its satellites have been flooding Ukraine with mercenaries and weapons in order to inflict, as they say, a strategic defeat on Russia and to deplete our resources. They are using every means and methods available to the collective West and its Kiev puppets, up to and including the terrorist attacks, to get there. The alliance’s reckless schemes have failed, which fact pushes it towards moves that could entail tragic ramifications for the European and even global security.
The West has already had the chance to see that Russia is prepared for any scenario.
☝️ Our security is reliably protected and our defence capabilities are strong.
Read in full
💬 Maria Zakharova: Seventy-five years ago, on April 4, 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., which marked the birth of the most aggressive military alliance of our time. <...>
The way the politicians of that time saw it, NATO was designed to become the key tool for establishing and maintaining the global hegemony of Washington and its allies, which it has remained to this day. <...>
According to its first Secretary General, Lord Ismay, the purpose of NATO was to “keep the Soviet Union out, the Americans in, and the Germans down,” and it has remained unchanged to this day.
For the US, NATO has remained a key tool to keep its European allies under control and a resource base for the US defence complex. <...>
After the Cold War ended <...> Washington and its allies engaged in armed “peacekeeping” in the Balkans, which ended in a treacherous aggression against Yugoslavia, and “fighting terrorism” in Afghanistan. NATO allies joined the US-led coalition in Iraq and carried out a “humanitarian” intervention in Libya.
❗️These interventions invariably led to entire countries being ruined and broken up.
For the third year in a row now, Washington and its satellites have been flooding Ukraine with mercenaries and weapons in order to inflict, as they say, a strategic defeat on Russia and to deplete our resources. They are using every means and methods available to the collective West and its Kiev puppets, up to and including the terrorist attacks, to get there. The alliance’s reckless schemes have failed, which fact pushes it towards moves that could entail tragic ramifications for the European and even global security.
The West has already had the chance to see that Russia is prepared for any scenario.
☝️ Our security is reliably protected and our defence capabilities are strong.
Read in full
👍7
«Портал национальных литератур» – это уникальный по своему содержанию и формату проект МИА «Россия сегодня», созданный для поддержки сохранения и развития литератур народов России.
Главные цели проекта – помочь национальным авторам расширить круг читателей, содействовать продвижению национальных литератур в общем культурном и литературном пространстве, способствовать развитию русского языка как языка межнационального и межкультурного общения.
Сегодня здесь представлены поэзия, проза, детская литература, драматургия и публицистика: собраны произведения на 59 национальных языках, подготовлены их переводы на русский язык. Специально для портала национальных литератур России медиагруппой был интегрирован уникальный шрифт, поддерживающий правильное отображение текстов на всех этих языках.
Кольско-саамский язык относится к финно-волжской группе финно-угорской ветви уральской языковой семьи. Количество носителей — около 400 человек (Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 г.).
Первые сведения о саамской письменности относятся к началу XVI в. — известно, что Феодорит Кольский (1481—1571), «просветитель лопарей (саамов)», занимался составлением письменности для саамского языка и переводом богослужебных текстов, но подробности создания этой письменности неизвестны. Предполагается, что за основу он мог взять древнепермское письмо — письменность, созданную в 1372 г. святителем Стефаном Пермским на основе кириллицы, пасов (родовых знаков) и греческого алфавита.
С 1880-х гг., во времена Российской империи, книги для саамов издавались на кириллице. Первые советские опыты по созданию саамской письменности на основе латиницы относятся к 1926—1927 гг. В 1933 г. опубликован саамский букварь. В 1937 г. был принят алфавит на основе кириллицы.
Первыми опубликованными произведениями саамского фольклора можно считать два йойка (традиционные распевы с повторяющимся ритмом, часть религиозных обрядов) на кеми-саамском языке (этот диалект вымер на рубеже XVIII и XIX вв.) — они вошли в книгу Йоханеса Шефферуса «Лаппония», изданную в 1673 году. Шефферус записал эти йойки у саама Олофа (Матссона) Сирма. В первом, Guldnasas, «саам поет о любви, пришпоривая оленя, чтобы он бежал быстрее», во втором йойке, Moarsi favrrot, поется о разлуке с любимой.
Официальное начало саамская поэзия берет с публикации Октябрины Вороновой лишь в 1991 г. Говоря о поэзии на саамском языке, необходимо отметить ее матриархальную тенденцию. Но стоит учесть, что у истоков поэзии народа саами также стоял поэт-мужчина Аскольд Бажанов, который не говорил на саамском языке и лишь потому не получил статуса первого саамского поэта в профессиональной литературе. Место это заняла поэтесса-женщина — О. Воронова (1934—1990), которая начала писать на двадцать лет позже Бажанова, но на родном саамском языке, его йоканьгском диалекте. За ней вошли в саамскую литературу ее духовные сестры: Александра Антонова (1932—2014), Ираида Виноградова (1937—2004), Ольга Перепелица (р. 1937), Софья Якимович (1940—2006), Екатерина Коркина (р. 1943), Мария Медведева (р. 1949), Надежда Ляшенко (р. 1955), Надежда Большакова (р. 1957), Александра Ляхова (1959—2009), Эльвира Галкина (р. 1965), Антонина Антонова (р. 1972), Полина Данилова (р. 1977). В «Антологии саамской литературы» (2012) помимо стихов А. Бажанова (1932—2012) напечатаны стихи Михаила Филиппова (1960—2007), Николая Кузнецова (Матрёхина) и Гавриила Юшкова (1951—2011), стихи-песни барда Ивана Матрёхина (р. 1958).
Главные темы творчества саамских поэтесс — Мать-хранительница семейного очага, Мать-природа, Мать-Земля. Саамы убеждены, что возникновением жизни земля обязана женщине. Она — продолжательница человеческого рода, глава семьи. На творчество современных саамских поэтов повлияло непростое занятие их предков — жизнь в тундре, оленеводство, — но это более мужская тема.
Поэтов, пишущих на саамском языке, осталось всего три, и у них нет достойных переводчиков. Но есть надежда, что найдутся преемники. Большим шагом в сохранении саамской литературы и письменности стало создание в 1994 г. в Ревде Музея саамской литературы и письменности.
Главные цели проекта – помочь национальным авторам расширить круг читателей, содействовать продвижению национальных литератур в общем культурном и литературном пространстве, способствовать развитию русского языка как языка межнационального и межкультурного общения.
Сегодня здесь представлены поэзия, проза, детская литература, драматургия и публицистика: собраны произведения на 59 национальных языках, подготовлены их переводы на русский язык. Специально для портала национальных литератур России медиагруппой был интегрирован уникальный шрифт, поддерживающий правильное отображение текстов на всех этих языках.
Кольско-саамский язык относится к финно-волжской группе финно-угорской ветви уральской языковой семьи. Количество носителей — около 400 человек (Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 г.).
Первые сведения о саамской письменности относятся к началу XVI в. — известно, что Феодорит Кольский (1481—1571), «просветитель лопарей (саамов)», занимался составлением письменности для саамского языка и переводом богослужебных текстов, но подробности создания этой письменности неизвестны. Предполагается, что за основу он мог взять древнепермское письмо — письменность, созданную в 1372 г. святителем Стефаном Пермским на основе кириллицы, пасов (родовых знаков) и греческого алфавита.
С 1880-х гг., во времена Российской империи, книги для саамов издавались на кириллице. Первые советские опыты по созданию саамской письменности на основе латиницы относятся к 1926—1927 гг. В 1933 г. опубликован саамский букварь. В 1937 г. был принят алфавит на основе кириллицы.
Первыми опубликованными произведениями саамского фольклора можно считать два йойка (традиционные распевы с повторяющимся ритмом, часть религиозных обрядов) на кеми-саамском языке (этот диалект вымер на рубеже XVIII и XIX вв.) — они вошли в книгу Йоханеса Шефферуса «Лаппония», изданную в 1673 году. Шефферус записал эти йойки у саама Олофа (Матссона) Сирма. В первом, Guldnasas, «саам поет о любви, пришпоривая оленя, чтобы он бежал быстрее», во втором йойке, Moarsi favrrot, поется о разлуке с любимой.
Официальное начало саамская поэзия берет с публикации Октябрины Вороновой лишь в 1991 г. Говоря о поэзии на саамском языке, необходимо отметить ее матриархальную тенденцию. Но стоит учесть, что у истоков поэзии народа саами также стоял поэт-мужчина Аскольд Бажанов, который не говорил на саамском языке и лишь потому не получил статуса первого саамского поэта в профессиональной литературе. Место это заняла поэтесса-женщина — О. Воронова (1934—1990), которая начала писать на двадцать лет позже Бажанова, но на родном саамском языке, его йоканьгском диалекте. За ней вошли в саамскую литературу ее духовные сестры: Александра Антонова (1932—2014), Ираида Виноградова (1937—2004), Ольга Перепелица (р. 1937), Софья Якимович (1940—2006), Екатерина Коркина (р. 1943), Мария Медведева (р. 1949), Надежда Ляшенко (р. 1955), Надежда Большакова (р. 1957), Александра Ляхова (1959—2009), Эльвира Галкина (р. 1965), Антонина Антонова (р. 1972), Полина Данилова (р. 1977). В «Антологии саамской литературы» (2012) помимо стихов А. Бажанова (1932—2012) напечатаны стихи Михаила Филиппова (1960—2007), Николая Кузнецова (Матрёхина) и Гавриила Юшкова (1951—2011), стихи-песни барда Ивана Матрёхина (р. 1958).
Главные темы творчества саамских поэтесс — Мать-хранительница семейного очага, Мать-природа, Мать-Земля. Саамы убеждены, что возникновением жизни земля обязана женщине. Она — продолжательница человеческого рода, глава семьи. На творчество современных саамских поэтов повлияло непростое занятие их предков — жизнь в тундре, оленеводство, — но это более мужская тема.
Поэтов, пишущих на саамском языке, осталось всего три, и у них нет достойных переводчиков. Но есть надежда, что найдутся преемники. Большим шагом в сохранении саамской литературы и письменности стало создание в 1994 г. в Ревде Музея саамской литературы и письменности.
👍4
Forwarded from Russian Mission Vienna
🇷🇺 Comment by Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the International Organizations in Vienna Mikhail Ulyanov to TASS news agency
❓Is Russia going to raise the issue of Ukrainian attacks against the Zaporozhskaya NPP in the IAEA?
💬 Without a doubt. Actually, we did this yesterday, distributing an information circular to all Agency’s member states outlining the actual state of affairs and calling on them to condemn the extremely dangerous actions of the Ukrainian side against nuclear facilities. Attached to this circular were photographs showing the consequences of attacks by Ukrainian kamikaze drones. Another circular is about to be released due to the fact that Ukrainians are turning such attacks into everyday practice. Today, another Ukrainian drone was shot down over the sixth nuclear reactor. Fortunately, there were no casualties or damage
💬 The most important thing is that we requested an extraordinary session of the IAEA Board of Governors to discuss this burning topic. We believe that such a meeting will take place in the near future, at least before the end of this week
❓Is Russia going to raise the issue of Ukrainian attacks against the Zaporozhskaya NPP in the IAEA?
💬 Without a doubt. Actually, we did this yesterday, distributing an information circular to all Agency’s member states outlining the actual state of affairs and calling on them to condemn the extremely dangerous actions of the Ukrainian side against nuclear facilities. Attached to this circular were photographs showing the consequences of attacks by Ukrainian kamikaze drones. Another circular is about to be released due to the fact that Ukrainians are turning such attacks into everyday practice. Today, another Ukrainian drone was shot down over the sixth nuclear reactor. Fortunately, there were no casualties or damage
💬 The most important thing is that we requested an extraordinary session of the IAEA Board of Governors to discuss this burning topic. We believe that such a meeting will take place in the near future, at least before the end of this week
👏3
О «долговом закабалении» Украины
После антиконституционного вооружённого госпереворота в Киеве в феврале 2014 г. и последующего подписания Соглашения об ассоциации EC-Украина Брюссель взял на себя роль одного из главных финансовых доноров этой страны (наряду с США и отдельными странами-членами Евросоюза). Под громкими лозунгами о евросолидарности Киеву выделяются миллиарды евро, нацеленные якобы на содействие внутренним реформам и помощь развитию.
Согласно данным есовской статистики, в период 2014-2021 гг. Евросоюз и подконтрольные ему финансовые институты выделили Киеву более 17 млрд евро (без учета вкладов отдельных стран-членов) в виде грантов и кредитов, в т.ч. 5 млрд евро в рамках пяти программ макрофинансовой помощи (МФП), что является самым крупным объемом МФП, которую ЕС когда-либо выделял третьим странам.
С момента начала Россией специальной военной операции руководители евроинститутов регулярно заявляют о готовности поддерживать киевский режим «столько, сколько потребуется». Пиар-эффект подобных высказываний подкрепляется громкими и достаточно хаотичными обещаниями направить Киеву новые транши финансовой помощи. По данным Еврокомиссии, по состоянию на июль 2023 г. объем ассигнований, обещанных Украине в рамках подхода «Команда Европы» (включает в себя содействие непосредственно Евросоюза, его стран-членов, а также подконтрольных ему финансовых институтов), составил порядка 76 млрд евро. В частности, указанная сумма включает в себя почти 39 млрд евро финансовой помощи (25,2 млрд евро – кредиты в рамках программ МФП; 7,8 млрд евро — ассигнования по линии двусторонних договоренностей со странами-членами ЕС; 3,4 млрд евро — кредиты по линии Европейского инвестиционного банка; порядка 2,5 млрд евро — гранты); 17 млрд евро вливаний для государств-членов ЕС, принимающих украинских беженцев; 20 млрд евро военной помощи, в том числе в рамках Европейского фонда мира.
По указанным «льготным» кредитам по линии программ макрофинансовой помощи в размере 25,2 млрд евро предусмотренный период погашения — 35 лет начиная с 2033 г. с возможностью покрытия большей части процентных расходов самим Брюсселем, но лишь при выполнении определенных «политических условий». Сюда также входит широко разрекламированный пакет помощи в 18 млрд евро, одобренный Евросоветом в декабре 2022 г. (МФП+). На данный момент до получателя доведено 17,7 млрд евро МФП (последний транш в размере 1,5 млрд евро направлен 25 июля с.г.).
Таким образом, обещанная есовцами за полтора года сумма финансовой помощи более чем в 2 раза превышает объемы содействия Киеву за 7 предыдущих лет. Если учитывать пока еще официально не вошедшее в статистику предложение Еврокомиссии о создании специального «Фонда для Украины» с общим бюджетом 50 млрд евро на период 2024-2027 гг. (Ukraine Facility, инициатива выдвинута 20 июня с.г.), указанная цифра увеличится в 5 с лишним раз.
Важно понимать, что получение Киевом МФП в открытую увязывается Брюсселем с выполнением дополнительных условий. Речь идет о внедрении западных технических стандартов и норм, проведении внутренних реформ по «демократическим» лекалам и даже разработке обновленного законодательства при прямом участии есовских экспертов.
К примеру, получение украинскими властями ассигнований в рамках пакета МФП+ (18 млрд евро) напрямую зависит от выполнения ими обязательств по стабилизации макрофинансовой и энергетической систем страны, обеспечению структурных реформ, надлежащего управления и верховенства права, в т.ч. проведения комплексной реформы правоохранительных органов и судебной власти. На данный момент решение о переводе средств принимается исключительно после соответствующего заключения Еврокомиссии с оценкой прогресса страны в выполнении обозначенных выше политических условий. Так, июльский транш финпомощи был одобрен с учетом якобы имеющихся «значительных успехов Украины в укреплении финансовой стабильности, совершенствовании функционирования газовой системы, повышении энергоэффективности и улучшении делового климата страны».
После антиконституционного вооружённого госпереворота в Киеве в феврале 2014 г. и последующего подписания Соглашения об ассоциации EC-Украина Брюссель взял на себя роль одного из главных финансовых доноров этой страны (наряду с США и отдельными странами-членами Евросоюза). Под громкими лозунгами о евросолидарности Киеву выделяются миллиарды евро, нацеленные якобы на содействие внутренним реформам и помощь развитию.
Согласно данным есовской статистики, в период 2014-2021 гг. Евросоюз и подконтрольные ему финансовые институты выделили Киеву более 17 млрд евро (без учета вкладов отдельных стран-членов) в виде грантов и кредитов, в т.ч. 5 млрд евро в рамках пяти программ макрофинансовой помощи (МФП), что является самым крупным объемом МФП, которую ЕС когда-либо выделял третьим странам.
С момента начала Россией специальной военной операции руководители евроинститутов регулярно заявляют о готовности поддерживать киевский режим «столько, сколько потребуется». Пиар-эффект подобных высказываний подкрепляется громкими и достаточно хаотичными обещаниями направить Киеву новые транши финансовой помощи. По данным Еврокомиссии, по состоянию на июль 2023 г. объем ассигнований, обещанных Украине в рамках подхода «Команда Европы» (включает в себя содействие непосредственно Евросоюза, его стран-членов, а также подконтрольных ему финансовых институтов), составил порядка 76 млрд евро. В частности, указанная сумма включает в себя почти 39 млрд евро финансовой помощи (25,2 млрд евро – кредиты в рамках программ МФП; 7,8 млрд евро — ассигнования по линии двусторонних договоренностей со странами-членами ЕС; 3,4 млрд евро — кредиты по линии Европейского инвестиционного банка; порядка 2,5 млрд евро — гранты); 17 млрд евро вливаний для государств-членов ЕС, принимающих украинских беженцев; 20 млрд евро военной помощи, в том числе в рамках Европейского фонда мира.
По указанным «льготным» кредитам по линии программ макрофинансовой помощи в размере 25,2 млрд евро предусмотренный период погашения — 35 лет начиная с 2033 г. с возможностью покрытия большей части процентных расходов самим Брюсселем, но лишь при выполнении определенных «политических условий». Сюда также входит широко разрекламированный пакет помощи в 18 млрд евро, одобренный Евросоветом в декабре 2022 г. (МФП+). На данный момент до получателя доведено 17,7 млрд евро МФП (последний транш в размере 1,5 млрд евро направлен 25 июля с.г.).
Таким образом, обещанная есовцами за полтора года сумма финансовой помощи более чем в 2 раза превышает объемы содействия Киеву за 7 предыдущих лет. Если учитывать пока еще официально не вошедшее в статистику предложение Еврокомиссии о создании специального «Фонда для Украины» с общим бюджетом 50 млрд евро на период 2024-2027 гг. (Ukraine Facility, инициатива выдвинута 20 июня с.г.), указанная цифра увеличится в 5 с лишним раз.
Важно понимать, что получение Киевом МФП в открытую увязывается Брюсселем с выполнением дополнительных условий. Речь идет о внедрении западных технических стандартов и норм, проведении внутренних реформ по «демократическим» лекалам и даже разработке обновленного законодательства при прямом участии есовских экспертов.
К примеру, получение украинскими властями ассигнований в рамках пакета МФП+ (18 млрд евро) напрямую зависит от выполнения ими обязательств по стабилизации макрофинансовой и энергетической систем страны, обеспечению структурных реформ, надлежащего управления и верховенства права, в т.ч. проведения комплексной реформы правоохранительных органов и судебной власти. На данный момент решение о переводе средств принимается исключительно после соответствующего заключения Еврокомиссии с оценкой прогресса страны в выполнении обозначенных выше политических условий. Так, июльский транш финпомощи был одобрен с учетом якобы имеющихся «значительных успехов Украины в укреплении финансовой стабильности, совершенствовании функционирования газовой системы, повышении энергоэффективности и улучшении делового климата страны».