The Ruling on Fasting the First Nine Days of Dhul-Ḥijjah

Shaykh ʿAbd al-Salām al-Suḥaymī, may Allah preserve him, said:

The Ruling on Fasting the First Nine Days of Dhul-Ḥijjah:

It was narrated from one of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ that she said:

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah, the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, and three days of every month: the first Monday of the month and Thursday.”

Narrated by Abu Dawud (2437), and authenticated by Al-Albani in Ṣaḥīḥ Abī Dāwūd (2106).

Explanation of the Ḥadīth: “The Messenger of Allah used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah, the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, and three days of every month”

The author, may Allah have mercy upon him, said:

“Chapter: Regarding fasting the ten days.

Musaddad narrated to us, Abū ʿAwānah narrated to us, from al-Ḥurr ibn al-Ṣayyāḥ, from Hunaydah ibn Khālid, from his wife, from one of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, who said:

‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah, the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, and three days of every month: the first Monday of the month and Thursday.’”

Abū Dāwūd mentioned fasting the ten days, meaning: the ten days of Dhul-Ḥijjah, but what is intended is the first nine days. However, they became widely known by this name predominately, otherwise the tenth day is the day of ʿEid, and it is not permissible to fast it under any circumstance whatsoever; because fasting the two ʿEids and the days of Tashrīq is prohibited. As for the days of Tashrīq, permission was only given for the one who could not find a sacrificial animal to fast them. As for the two ʿEids, then it is not permissible to fast them under any circumstance whatsoever, rather it is obligatory to break the fast on them.

There has come from the Prophet ﷺ that which indicates fasting the ten days, and there has also come a general ḥadīth which includes fasting and other than fasting, and there has come a ḥadīth in another chapter contrary to that, meaning: regarding not fasting during the ten days. However, fasting the ten days is an act of nearness to Allah from the greatest acts of nearness, and it enters under the general meaning of the ḥadīth:

“There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these ten days.”

His statement:

“(The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah).”

Meaning: the ten days of Dhul-Ḥijjah except for the day of ʿEid.

Shaykh ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Qāsim said in his marginal notes upon the explanation of al-Zād:

“Fasting the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah is the statement of the majority of the people of knowledge. And in al-Inṣāf it was said: ‘Without any disagreement.’” End quote.

And this enters under the general statement of the Prophet ﷺ:

“There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allah than these ten days.”

The ḥadīth was narrated by Al-Bukhari, the authors of the Sunan, and others.

And fasting is from the best of deeds.

Abū Dāwūd said in his Sunan:

“Chapter: Regarding fasting the ten days.

Musaddad narrated to us, Abū ʿAwānah narrated to us, from al-Ḥurr ibn al-Ṣabāḥ, from Hunaydah ibn Khālid, from his wife, from one of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, who said:

‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Ḥijjah, the day of ʿĀshūrāʾ, and three days of every month: the first Monday of the month and Thursday.’”

It was said in al-Muntaqā:

“Narrated by Aḥmad and al-Nasāʾī.”

And Al-Shawkani said in Nayl al-Awṭār:

“There have preceded in the Book of the Two ʿEids aḥādīth which indicate the virtue of righteous deeds during the ten days of Dhul-Ḥijjah in general, and fasting enters under them. And the statement of some of them that what is intended by ‘the nine of Dhul-Ḥijjah’ is only the ninth day is a rejected interpretation and an obvious mistake due to the difference between ‘the nine’ and ‘the ninth.’”

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The Greatest Friday of the Year: Jumuʿah in the Ten Days of Dhul-Ḥijjah

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, may Allah have mercy upon him, said:

“And Friday during the ten days of Dhul-Ḥijjah is more virtuous than Friday in other than it, due to the gathering of the two virtues within it.”

📚(Fatḥ al-Bārī 3/29)

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From the Matters Specific to Jumuʿah Is Increasing in Sending Prayers Upon the Prophet ﷺ

Shaykh Muhammad ibn Salih al-Uthaymeen, may Allah have mercy upon him, said:

From the matters specific to Jumuʿah is increasing in sending prayers upon the Prophet ﷺ.

There is no doubt that the Prophet ﷺ has the greatest rights upon us from all of creation. His rights over us are greater than our own rights over ourselves. For this reason, it is obligatory that you give precedence to love for him over love for yourself, your child, your father, your mother, your spouse, and all people.

Your faith cannot be complete unless you place love for the Messenger ﷺ above the love of everyone else.

From his rights upon you is that you frequently send prayers and peace upon him. He is not in need of your prayers and salutations, but rather you are the one in need of the reward of these prayers and salutations. For indeed, if you send prayers upon the Messenger ﷺ once, Allah sends prayers upon you ten times in return.

So when you say:
(اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ على مُحَمَّدٍ)
“O Allah, send prayers upon Muhammad,”

Allah sends prayers upon you ten times.

And you are the one in need of this, whereas the Messenger ﷺ is not in need of it.

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The Virtues of the Magnificent Day of Arafah: The Greatest Day of Forgiveness from Allah!

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There Is No Day in Which There Is More Emancipation from the Fire Than the Day of ʿArafah!

Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, may Allah have mercy upon him, said:

“So whoever hopes for emancipation from the Fire and forgiveness of his sins on the Day of ʿArafah, then let him preserve the causes by which emancipation and forgiveness are hoped for. From them are:

❍ Fasting that day. For in Sahih Muslim, from Abū Qatādah, from the Prophet ﷺ, that he said:

‘Fasting the Day of ʿArafah, I hope from Allah that it expiates the year before it and the year after it.’

❍ And from them: guarding his limbs from the prohibited matters on that day. In the Musnad of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, from Ibn ʿAbbās, may Allah be pleased with them both, from the Prophet ﷺ that he said:

‘This Day of ʿArafah is a day in which whoever controls his hearing, his sight, and his tongue shall be forgiven.’

❍ And from them: abundant proclamation of the testimony of Tawḥīd with sincerity and truthfulness, for indeed it is the foundation of the religion of Islam which Allah, the Most High, perfected on that day and its very basis.

And in the Musnad, from ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿUmar, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said:

‘The supplication most frequently made by the Prophet ﷺ on the Day of ʿArafah was:

لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
“None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, having no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise. In His Hand is all goodness, and He is over all things All-Powerful.”’

And Al-Tirmidhi reported it with the wording:

‘The best supplication is the supplication of the Day of ʿArafah, and the best of what I and the Prophets before me have said is:

لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
“None has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone, having no partner. To Him belongs the dominion and to Him belongs all praise, and He is over all things All-Powerful.”’

So realizing the statement of Tawḥīd necessitates the emancipation of slaves, and emancipating slaves necessitates emancipation from the Fire. As is established in the authentic narration:

‘Whoever says it one hundred times, it will be equivalent for him to freeing ten slaves.’

And it is also established:

‘Whoever says it ten times, it is as though he freed four slaves from the children of Ismāʿīl…’

❍ And from them: abundant supplication for forgiveness and emancipation, for indeed it is hoped that supplication will be answered therein. Ibn Abī al-Dunyā narrated with his chain from ʿAlī, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

‘There is no day upon the earth except that Allah has those whom He frees from the Fire therein, and there is no day in which there is more emancipation of necks than the Day of ʿArafah…’

❍ And let him beware of sins which prevent forgiveness therein and emancipation.”

📚 Laṭāʾif al-Maʿārif (1/284).

The Plea of Abu Ubaydah al-Khawwas at Arafah: “O Lord, I Have Grown Old — So Free Me from the Fire”

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Shaykh Sulayman Ar-Ruhayli, may Allah preserve him, said:

“My brother and my sister, in ʿArafāt and in other places throughout the earth, persist abundantly in supplication on this day while you are certain of the response, affirming the Oneness of your Lord, acknowledging your sin, and declaring your Lord far above thinking that He is unable to do anything that you ask of Him, or that all of His creation ask of Him together. And all of this is gathered in the supplication of the righteous servant Dhū al-Nūn:

(لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ)
“None has the right to be worshipped except You, far removed are You from every imperfection, indeed I was from the wrongdoers.”

Believe it with your heart and make it part of your supplication.”

The Prophet ﷺ said:

“The supplication of Dhū al-Nūn when he supplicated while in the belly of the whale was:

(لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا أَنتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ)
‘None has the right to be worshipped except You, far removed are You from every imperfection, indeed I was from the wrongdoers.’

No Muslim ever supplicates with it regarding anything whatsoever except that Allah responds to him.”

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The Day of ʿArafah Is a Day of Supplication: The Greatest Duʿā’ Spoken by the Prophets — Abundantly Repeat It on ʿArafah!

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