Remember:

Ceftriaxone and cefotaxime are used as Prophylaxis of surgical infection.


Ceftriaxone 👉🏼1 g IV 0.5-2 hours before procedure.

Cefotaxime👉🏼 1 g IM/IV once 30-90
minutes before start of procedure.

#Surgery

Differential diagnosis of pain in abdominal & pelvic regions.

#Surgery

•What is the difference between inguinal region and groin region?

-Inguinal region is the region above inguinal ligament.
-Groin region is the region above and below inguinal ligament.

#Surgery

Landmark of tracheotomy.

#Surgery
#ENT

-Para umbilical hernia is any hernia within 3cm around umbilicus so any hernia beyond 3cm away from umbilicus is not termed para umbilical hernia.


-Epigastric hernia is misdiagnosed as heartburn because in early cases of epigastric hernia, the main complaint is epigastric pain and not mass.


#Surgery

-In Rolling hiatal hernia, postprandial discomfort in retrosternal area
i. e mimics ischemic heart diseases but the key of it is the presence of postprandial hiccough.

-Rolling hiatal hernia is more serious than sliding hernia because its management is only surgery.

#Surgery

-In case of corrosive esophagitis, don't elicit the vomiting and start with ingestion of water, eggs, painkiller and antiemetics.

#Surgery

•The most complications of GIT problems are:

-Hemorrhage
-Bleeding
-Stricture.

•And the first line in treatment of these complications is insertion of Ryle's tube.

#Surgery

Gustilo classification .

#Surgery

Light's criteria to differentiate between transudative vs exudative plueral effusion .

#Medicine

CURB-65 Score for Pneumonia Severity.

Estimates mortality of community-acquired pneumonia to help determine inpatient vs outpatient treatment.

#Medicine

Paraplegia with no Imaging findings in the spinal cord ?

It maybe due to parasagittal tumor "Meningiomas" which compress the medial aspect of both cortical hemisphere that responsible for the motor function of Lower limb which lead to paraplegia

This is considered a False localizating sign.

#Surgery
#Medicine

-Kartagener's syndrome

•It is s a subset of a larger group of ciliary motility disorders called primary ciliary dyskinesias (PCDs).

•Consists the triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis.

#Medicine

WHY YOU SHOULD NOT SUDDENLY STOP TAKING STEROIDS?

For steroid treatments lasting longer than a few days, it is VERY important not to miss a dose , or stop the treatment abruptly.

This is because after some days or weeks of taking steroids there will be decrease in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis" (HPAA) function. And thus the body will reduce the amount of cortisol it makes.

You will need to - ‘taper’(gradually reduce) the dose to give your adrenal glands time to start making their own steroids again, and prevents the Withdrawal symptoms

- Withdrawal symptoms and signs (weakness, fatigue, decreased appetite, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain) which is similar to adrenal insufficiency.

#Medicine