Associated Anomalies with undescended testis:

-Epididymal anomalies and patent processus vaginalis upto 90%.

-Renal Anomalies in10% cases (Renal hypoplasia, agenesis,horseshoe kidney, PUJ obstruction)

-Hypospadias.

#Surgery

Remember:

Development of the Thyroid Gland:
-The thyroid gland begins to develop during the third week as an entodermal thickening in the midline of the floor of the pharynx between the tuberculum impar and the copula.

-By the seventh week, it reaches its final position in relation to the larynx and trachea.

-The thyroid gland develops from a median down growth of a column of cells from the pharyngeal floor between the first and second pharyngeal pouches (subsequently marked by the foramen caecum of the tongue).

#Surgery

The right supraclavicular node is called Scalene node.

#Surgery

What is the bone that has not articulation with any bone?

-The hyoid bone is a mobile single bone found in the midline of the neck below the mandible and abides the larynx.
-It does not articulate with any other bones.

#Surgery

INDICATIONS OF CBD EXPLORATION:

1. History of charcot’s triad
2. USG proven stones in CBD
3. Dilated CBD (>1cm)
4. OTCshows filling deffect
5. Palpable stones in CB.

#Surgery

Amount of secretions of gut.

#Medicine

Stomas.

#Surgery

Stoma examination.

#Surgery

•Why is indirect inguinal hernia more common in right side ?

Due to delayed descend of right testis , slower closure of a patent processus vaginalis on the right side compared to the left.

It's almost about one month difference.

#Surgery

Remember:

-Hasselbach's triangle is also called triangle of Halshted, inguinal triangle.

#Surgery

What are the types of Direct inguinal hernia?

1-Medial
2-Lateral

#Surgery

Remember:

-The ilioinguinal nerve is a branch of the first lumbar nerve (L1)

-Innervates Skin over the root of the penis and upper part of the scrotum (male), skin covering the mons pubis and labium majus (female).

-Motor innervation of the transverse abdominus and obliques.

#Surgery

Remember:

-The Adductor canal is also called Hunter's canal or Sub-sartorial canal.

#Surgery

Sciatic nerve.

#Surgery

Femoral triangle.

#Surgery

Femoral sheath.

#Surgery

Femoral canal.
F. ring and S. opening.

#Surgery

Adductor canal, popliteal fossa.

#Surgery

أهم علامة تدل أن الـ Foly's catheter بمكانها الصحيح؟

-Gush of urine.