BIOPHYSICAL:
Principle—Biophysical profile is a screening test for uteroplacental insufficiency.
-The fetal biophysical activities are initiated, modulated and regulated through fetal nervous system.
-The fetal CNS is very much sensitive to diminished oxygenation. Hypoxia → metabolic acidosis → CNS depression → changes in fetal biophysical activity.
#Obs_Gyne
Principle—Biophysical profile is a screening test for uteroplacental insufficiency.
-The fetal biophysical activities are initiated, modulated and regulated through fetal nervous system.
-The fetal CNS is very much sensitive to diminished oxygenation. Hypoxia → metabolic acidosis → CNS depression → changes in fetal biophysical activity.
#Obs_Gyne
Nuchal translucency:
NT is the fluid-filled space (detected by USG) between the fetal skin and the underlying soft tissue at the region of the fetal neck. NT ≥ 3 mm is abnormal.
#Obs_Gyne
NT is the fluid-filled space (detected by USG) between the fetal skin and the underlying soft tissue at the region of the fetal neck. NT ≥ 3 mm is abnormal.
#Obs_Gyne
Remember:
-Oral contraceptives’ link to an ↑ in breast cancer is not proven.
-Oral contraceptives’ link to an ↑ in breast cancer is not proven.
Quick Notes
BIOPHYSICAL: Principle—Biophysical profile is a screening test for uteroplacental insufficiency. -The fetal biophysical activities are initiated, modulated and regulated through fetal nervous system. -The fetal CNS is very much sensitive to diminished…
The following biophysical tests are used:
-Fetal movement count
-Ultrasonography
-Cardiotocography
-Nonstress test (NST)
-Fetal biophysical profile (BPP)
-Doppler ultrasound
-Vibroacoustic stimulation test
-Contraction stress test (CST)
-Amniotic fluid volume.
#Obs_Gyne
-Fetal movement count
-Ultrasonography
-Cardiotocography
-Nonstress test (NST)
-Fetal biophysical profile (BPP)
-Doppler ultrasound
-Vibroacoustic stimulation test
-Contraction stress test (CST)
-Amniotic fluid volume.
#Obs_Gyne
Types of Hysterectomy:
Abdominal and Vaginal
1-Abdominal
-Total hysterectomy (body& cervix are removed).
-Subtotal hysterectomy (body is removed and cervix is preserved) as in PPH and severe adhesions around the cervix
- Extended hysterectomy(TAH + removal for upper vagina + medial part cardinal ligament. It is for treatment of microinvasive cervical CA (IA2)
-Pan hvsterectomv (TAH + BSO).
-Radical hysterectomy (Wertheim' s operation), it's removal of
TAH and BSO
The whole parametrium (broad ligament)
Pelvic ligaments & LN .
-Extended radical hysterectomy (removal of periurethral tissue & up to 3/4+ ofthe vagina.
-Ultra radical hysterectomy (exentration → anterior, posterior or total).
In obstetrics:
-Supra-vaginal hysterectomy
-Caesarean hysterectomy
-Hysterectomy en toto:
Cervix infection
Cervical cancer is first trimester.
2-Vaginal hysterectomy:
-In Uterine prolapse or inversion
-Any patient with uterine size less than 12 week pregnancy as DUB, small fibroids, adenomyosis.
#Obs_Gyne
Abdominal and Vaginal
1-Abdominal
-Total hysterectomy (body& cervix are removed).
-Subtotal hysterectomy (body is removed and cervix is preserved) as in PPH and severe adhesions around the cervix
- Extended hysterectomy(TAH + removal for upper vagina + medial part cardinal ligament. It is for treatment of microinvasive cervical CA (IA2)
-Pan hvsterectomv (TAH + BSO).
-Radical hysterectomy (Wertheim' s operation), it's removal of
TAH and BSO
The whole parametrium (broad ligament)
Pelvic ligaments & LN .
-Extended radical hysterectomy (removal of periurethral tissue & up to 3/4+ ofthe vagina.
-Ultra radical hysterectomy (exentration → anterior, posterior or total).
In obstetrics:
-Supra-vaginal hysterectomy
-Caesarean hysterectomy
-Hysterectomy en toto:
Cervix infection
Cervical cancer is first trimester.
2-Vaginal hysterectomy:
-In Uterine prolapse or inversion
-Any patient with uterine size less than 12 week pregnancy as DUB, small fibroids, adenomyosis.
#Obs_Gyne
Weight gain during pregnancy:
Normal during whole pregnancy is 11-15 kg.
During first month: No weight gain
During second month: Decrease about half to one kg due to nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite.
During third month: Weight is like that of pre-pregnancy weight.
Remaining 6 months, weight gain is by rate of 2kg/month or 1/2 kg per week.
Excessive weight gain occurs as in Hydrominos, multiple pregnancy, diabetic mother.
Sudden weight gain occurs is Preeclampsia.
#Obs_Gyne
Normal during whole pregnancy is 11-15 kg.
During first month: No weight gain
During second month: Decrease about half to one kg due to nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite.
During third month: Weight is like that of pre-pregnancy weight.
Remaining 6 months, weight gain is by rate of 2kg/month or 1/2 kg per week.
Excessive weight gain occurs as in Hydrominos, multiple pregnancy, diabetic mother.
Sudden weight gain occurs is Preeclampsia.
#Obs_Gyne
Pap smear is screening test for early detection of Cervical cancer.
Advice for woman before procedure:
1-No intercourse for 24 hours
2-No vaginal douching for 24 hours.
شل spatula ويجي في رأسها cytobrush نشل من خلالها مسحة ونطرحها على slide ونسوي لها fixation بكحول تركيزه 95٪، ونرسل للـ Cytology.
ونشوف النتيجة لو كانت Normal, inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells.
ونشوف الـ Results على حسب Bethesda system أو Hyperplasia grading.
لوكانت النتيجة Type II high grade lesions
or mild to severe neoplasia.
نسوي بعدها Colposcope لأجل نأخذ punch biopsy لكن لو مش موجود نسوي Schiller test.
Advice for woman before procedure:
1-No intercourse for 24 hours
2-No vaginal douching for 24 hours.
شل spatula ويجي في رأسها cytobrush نشل من خلالها مسحة ونطرحها على slide ونسوي لها fixation بكحول تركيزه 95٪، ونرسل للـ Cytology.
ونشوف النتيجة لو كانت Normal, inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells.
ونشوف الـ Results على حسب Bethesda system أو Hyperplasia grading.
لوكانت النتيجة Type II high grade lesions
or mild to severe neoplasia.
نسوي بعدها Colposcope لأجل نأخذ punch biopsy لكن لو مش موجود نسوي Schiller test.