Reflexes with Breastfeeding
• Rooting reflex:
-Helps baby to find the nipple and proper attachment to breast.
• Suckling reflex:
-Helps the baby draw out milk from mother’s breast .
It consist of:
1. Drawing in the nipple and areola to form an elongated teat inside the mouth.
2. Pressing the streched nipple and areola with jaw and tongue against the palate.
3. Drawing milk from lactiferous sinuses by wave like peristaltic movement of the tongue.
• Swallowing reflex.
#Pediatrics
• Rooting reflex:
-Helps baby to find the nipple and proper attachment to breast.
• Suckling reflex:
-Helps the baby draw out milk from mother’s breast .
It consist of:
1. Drawing in the nipple and areola to form an elongated teat inside the mouth.
2. Pressing the streched nipple and areola with jaw and tongue against the palate.
3. Drawing milk from lactiferous sinuses by wave like peristaltic movement of the tongue.
• Swallowing reflex.
#Pediatrics
Breastfeeding Jaundice:
-Exclusively breastfed neonates have a tendency to develop higher serum bilirubin levels during first few days of life .
-The cause may be insufficient lactation leading to inadequate feeding, dehydration and hemoconcentration.
-It needs no intervention.
#Pediatrics
-Exclusively breastfed neonates have a tendency to develop higher serum bilirubin levels during first few days of life .
-The cause may be insufficient lactation leading to inadequate feeding, dehydration and hemoconcentration.
-It needs no intervention.
#Pediatrics
Breastmilk Jaundice:
-A small proportion of exclusively breastfed infants also tend to develop persistence of physiologic jaundice or exaggerated jaundice (serum bilirubin touching 18-20 mg/dl in some) in the second week of life as a result of such substances as 3 alpha, 20 beta preganandiol and free fatty acids in mother’s milk which inhibit conjugation of bilirubin.
-It resolves on its own.
-Occasionally, undue anxiety in the parents may warrant temporary withdrawal of breastfeeding just for 2-3 days.
#Pediatrics
-A small proportion of exclusively breastfed infants also tend to develop persistence of physiologic jaundice or exaggerated jaundice (serum bilirubin touching 18-20 mg/dl in some) in the second week of life as a result of such substances as 3 alpha, 20 beta preganandiol and free fatty acids in mother’s milk which inhibit conjugation of bilirubin.
-It resolves on its own.
-Occasionally, undue anxiety in the parents may warrant temporary withdrawal of breastfeeding just for 2-3 days.
#Pediatrics
Remember:
-In nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria exceeds 3.5 g per day (4+ on a urine dipstick) and the urine is often macroscopically frothy.
-In kwashiorkor, some proteinuria may be found but rarely exceeds 1+ on a dipstick test.
#Pediatrics
-In nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria exceeds 3.5 g per day (4+ on a urine dipstick) and the urine is often macroscopically frothy.
-In kwashiorkor, some proteinuria may be found but rarely exceeds 1+ on a dipstick test.
#Pediatrics
Quick Notes
طريقة ثانية، عن طريق الـ calories.
بما أنه في الشهر الرابع وزنه ٦ كيلو
الطفل يحتاج 100kcal =150ml
نضرب 150×6=900ml
نقسمها على ٦ اللي هي الرضعات إللي يحتاجها الطفل السليم اللي معتمد على الحليب الصناعي .
تطلع 150 ml بكل رضعة .
الطفل يحتاج 100kcal =150ml
نضرب 150×6=900ml
نقسمها على ٦ اللي هي الرضعات إللي يحتاجها الطفل السليم اللي معتمد على الحليب الصناعي .
تطلع 150 ml بكل رضعة .
Quick Notes
It is management in hospital. 1-Addmision 2-Intravenous rehydration: within 24 hrs. Shock therapy: -Amount: 20 ml/kg I.V infusion over 10-15 minutes. 20×10= 200ml -Type of solution: Ringer’s lactate or NS if Ringer’s lactate not available. Deficit therapy:"…
Shock: 20 ml/kg
20×10= 200ml
Given within 20 minute
RL is better, because it's diarrhea.
Deficit: 80ml/kg
80×10=800ml
Given within 8 hrs
تكون:
400ml Dextrose
400ml NS
لأنه نسبتهن في الـ Deficit 1:1
Maintenance:
بما أن وزنه 10kg
نضرب في 10 تطلع 1000ml نجيبها في 16 ساعة.
المحلول يكون:
800ml dextrose
200ml NS
لأن نسبتهن 1:4
كمان عنجيب 5ml KCl .
20×10= 200ml
Given within 20 minute
RL is better, because it's diarrhea.
Deficit: 80ml/kg
80×10=800ml
Given within 8 hrs
تكون:
400ml Dextrose
400ml NS
لأنه نسبتهن في الـ Deficit 1:1
Maintenance:
بما أن وزنه 10kg
نضرب في 10 تطلع 1000ml نجيبها في 16 ساعة.
المحلول يكون:
800ml dextrose
200ml NS
لأن نسبتهن 1:4
كمان عنجيب 5ml KCl .
-The average diameter of the anterior fontanel in an infant is 2.1 x 2.1 cm.
-The size may vary from 0.6 to 3.6 cm.
-It may be up to 4 or 5 cm in some normal infants and may even enlarge in the first few months of life
-The usual time of closure of the anterior fontanel is 7-19 months of age.
#Pediatrics
-The size may vary from 0.6 to 3.6 cm.
-It may be up to 4 or 5 cm in some normal infants and may even enlarge in the first few months of life
-The usual time of closure of the anterior fontanel is 7-19 months of age.
#Pediatrics
Meningitis irritation signs do not appear before 18 months of age, why?
-Because Anterior fontanel is still open, so symptoms and signs of meningitis are not specific in that age. So do LP.
#Pediatrics
-Because Anterior fontanel is still open, so symptoms and signs of meningitis are not specific in that age. So do LP.
#Pediatrics
Craniotabes:
-It may be physiologically present up to 3 months of age.
-Rickets
-Hydrocephalus
-Hypervitaminosis A
-Osteogenesis imperfecta
-Premature
-Congenital syphilis.
#Pediatrics
-It may be physiologically present up to 3 months of age.
-Rickets
-Hydrocephalus
-Hypervitaminosis A
-Osteogenesis imperfecta
-Premature
-Congenital syphilis.
#Pediatrics
When is meconium normally passed?
-95–97% of healthy term newborns pass meconium in the first 24 hours.
-Sick term infants and healthy preterm infants may not pass meconium for 3–5 day.
#Pediatrics
-95–97% of healthy term newborns pass meconium in the first 24 hours.
-Sick term infants and healthy preterm infants may not pass meconium for 3–5 day.
#Pediatrics
Remember that edema of acute nephritis is due to impaired function of the capillary wall. It, therefore, does not follow the hydrostatic pressure and does not accumulate in the dependent parts. Its characteristic sites are face, pretibial region and ankles.
#Pediatrics
#Pediatrics
Remember:
Interferon-γ release assay (IGRA):
-Preferred test in individuals with prior BCG vaccination.
-Results are available within 24 hours.
#Infections
Interferon-γ release assay (IGRA):
-Preferred test in individuals with prior BCG vaccination.
-Results are available within 24 hours.
#Infections
Forwarded from Quick Notes