Pilonidal sinus:
-It's an acquired disease, seen in hairy males, consisting of noninfected, midline openings communicating with a fibrous track lined by granulation tissue and containing hair lying loosely within the lumen.
-Common among military personnel, also known as ‘jeep disease’.
-It's an acquired disease, seen in hairy males, consisting of noninfected, midline openings communicating with a fibrous track lined by granulation tissue and containing hair lying loosely within the lumen.
-Common among military personnel, also known as ‘jeep disease’.
-A pilon or plafond fracture, is a fracture of the distal part of the tibia, involving its articular surface at the ankle joint.
-Pilon fractures are caused by rotational "shear" or axial forces, mostly as a result of falls from a height or motor vehicle accidents.
T1:nondisplaced cleavage fracture of ankle j,
T2:displaced fracture with minimal impaction or comminution,
T3:displaced fracture with significant articular comminution&metaphyseal impaction.
#Surgery
-Pilon fractures are caused by rotational "shear" or axial forces, mostly as a result of falls from a height or motor vehicle accidents.
T1:nondisplaced cleavage fracture of ankle j,
T2:displaced fracture with minimal impaction or comminution,
T3:displaced fracture with significant articular comminution&metaphyseal impaction.
#Surgery
Quick Notes
Remember: In compartment syndrome. -Pain out of proportion to injury (typically first and most significant symptom). -Pain with passive stretch (most sensitive sign). -5Ps:late signs-do not wait for these to develop to make the diagnosis!! -Tornoto…
-One immediate management is Fasciotomy.
Advice to patients with Diabetic foot:
-"Patient education to keep feet as clean as face"!
-Avoid smoking and should not cut their own toes nails.
... etc
-"Patient education to keep feet as clean as face"!
-Avoid smoking and should not cut their own toes nails.
... etc
Remember about EDH:
-Mainly arterial
-Associated with skull fracture
-Bioconvex, lens shaped
-Temporal
-Doesn't cross suture line
-Crosses dural reflection.
#Surgery
-Mainly arterial
-Associated with skull fracture
-Bioconvex, lens shaped
-Temporal
-Doesn't cross suture line
-Crosses dural reflection.
#Surgery
Remember about SDH:
-Bridging veins
-Not consistent to be associated with skull fracture
-Associated with brain injury
-Lenticular, crescent shape,concave
-Crosses suture line
-Do not cross dural reflection.
#Surgery
-Bridging veins
-Not consistent to be associated with skull fracture
-Associated with brain injury
-Lenticular, crescent shape,concave
-Crosses suture line
-Do not cross dural reflection.
#Surgery
Remember:
-Bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia is now considered as the commonest cause of Conn's syndrome (Primary hyperaldosteronism).
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
-Bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia is now considered as the commonest cause of Conn's syndrome (Primary hyperaldosteronism).
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Remember:
-Screening for sensory neuropathy in a diabetic patient→ 10g monofilament is used on various parts of the sole of the foot.
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
-Screening for sensory neuropathy in a diabetic patient→ 10g monofilament is used on various parts of the sole of the foot.
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Remember:
-The most common cause of flash pulmonary oedema is myocardial ischaemia. Bilateral renal artery stenosis is a less common cause of flash pulmonary oedema.
- (FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
-The most common cause of flash pulmonary oedema is myocardial ischaemia. Bilateral renal artery stenosis is a less common cause of flash pulmonary oedema.
- (FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Remember:
-Azathioprine is the disease modifying agent of choice for the treatment of UC.
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
-Azathioprine is the disease modifying agent of choice for the treatment of UC.
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Remember:
Medullary thyroid carcinoma:
-Screening test→ serum Calcitonin level (>100 pg/ml)
-Definitive test→ RET mutation
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Medullary thyroid carcinoma:
-Screening test→ serum Calcitonin level (>100 pg/ml)
-Definitive test→ RET mutation
-(FCPS, MRCP)
#Medicine
Remember:
-Flank is the part of the abdomen that lies at the sides between the costal margin and the ilium.
-It is usually free and slightly curved inwards in normal children.
-Fullness of flanks is seen in abdominal distension due to any cause such as ascites.
#Pediatrics
-Flank is the part of the abdomen that lies at the sides between the costal margin and the ilium.
-It is usually free and slightly curved inwards in normal children.
-Fullness of flanks is seen in abdominal distension due to any cause such as ascites.
#Pediatrics
Remember:
Umbilical Hernia:
-It may be seen normally in some children and may close spontaneously by 2 years.
-The following conditions are usually associated with umbilical hernia:
• Down's syndrome
• Cretinism
• Hurler's syndrome
• Hunter's syndrome.
#Pediatrics
Umbilical Hernia:
-It may be seen normally in some children and may close spontaneously by 2 years.
-The following conditions are usually associated with umbilical hernia:
• Down's syndrome
• Cretinism
• Hurler's syndrome
• Hunter's syndrome.
#Pediatrics
-Rickets is a metabolic disorder characterised by defective mineralisation of growing bone & despite normal collagen matrix.
-Osteomalacia is the defective mineralisation of the mature bone and is seen in adults.
-Osteoporosis is the reduction of bone mass per unit volume and it usually occurs in old age.
#Pediatrics
-Osteomalacia is the defective mineralisation of the mature bone and is seen in adults.
-Osteoporosis is the reduction of bone mass per unit volume and it usually occurs in old age.
#Pediatrics
Why Rickets is more frequent in female children?
-This is because they are either not allowed to play outdoors, or they have to cover their whole body even when allowed to go outside in certain communities .
-Also, there is preferential nurturing of the male child and the female child may be neglected in certain families.
-If it occurs in males then it is usually more severe (vitamin D-resistant rickets, Lowe's syndrome).
#Pediatrics
-This is because they are either not allowed to play outdoors, or they have to cover their whole body even when allowed to go outside in certain communities .
-Also, there is preferential nurturing of the male child and the female child may be neglected in certain families.
-If it occurs in males then it is usually more severe (vitamin D-resistant rickets, Lowe's syndrome).
#Pediatrics
Type of Rickets and Age of onset:
-Congenital 👉🏼Neonalal period with tetany.
-Premature 👉🏼1-6 months
-Infantile 👉🏼6-12 months
-Toddler 👉🏼1-3 years
-Adolescent 👉🏼8-16 years.
#Pediatrics
-Congenital 👉🏼Neonalal period with tetany.
-Premature 👉🏼1-6 months
-Infantile 👉🏼6-12 months
-Toddler 👉🏼1-3 years
-Adolescent 👉🏼8-16 years.
#Pediatrics
-Teething may cause signs and symptoms in the mouth and gums, but does not cause problems elsewhere in the body.
#Pediatrics
#Pediatrics
-First thing in treatment a case of Acute Epiglottitis is intubation to secure the airway.
#Pediatrics
#Pediatrics