Criteria of colicky pain:

-Intermittent
-Hollow viscus
-Smooth muscles
-Peristalsis
-Distal obstruction.

#Surgery

What's Nancy nail?

They can be used to treat femoral and tibial fractures in. children and adolescents, and humeral, radial, and ulnar fractures in both pediatric and adult patients. A 1.0mm diameter, 100mm length Nancy Nail is also available to treat metacarpal and metatarsal. fractures.

الدكتور السوسوة

#Surgery

Three segments of Ureter:

1-Proximal from origin down to upper border of SI joint.

2-Middle, laying over the sacrum.

3-Distal, from the lower border of SI joint to its entry to UB.

#Surgery

Sciatic nerve.

#Surgery

DD of Acute app. in a child.

No PU,no Pancreatitis, no Biliary disorders.
Imp.
#Surgery

Plus inflammation of Meckel’s diverticulum.

Femoral triangle.

#Surgery

Femoral sheath.

#Surgery

Femoral canal.
F. ring and S. opening.

#Surgery

Adductor canal, popliteal fossa.

#Surgery

Inguinal hernia VS Femoral hernia.

#Surgery

Post-operative History.

Here signs of Acute App. according to Hamilton Love.

.

Nice summary for Management of urinary tract stones.


Conservative treatment:
-High fluid intake with or without diuretics.
-Analgesics.
-Antispasmodic agents.
-Urinary antiseptics, regular follow-up to monitor stone descent.

#Surgery

Remember:

Epigastric hernia is more common in men.
Para-umbilical hernia is more common in women.

#Surgery

Remember:


A laparoscope is an instrument used for visualizing and performing surgical procedures inside the abdomen.
-It consists of a long, thin tube with a light source and a camera at the end, which allows the surgeon to view the internal organs on a monitor.

There are several types of laparoscopes available:

1. Rigid laparoscope: This is the most common type of laparoscope, which uses a straight tube with a fixed angle lens. It provides high-quality images but requires multiple incisions for access.

2. Flexible laparoscope: This type of laparoscope utilizes a flexible tube that can be maneuvered to reach different angles and positions. It allows for easier access to difficult-to-reach areas and may require fewer incisions.

3. Miniature laparoscope: This laparoscope is smaller in size, typically used for diagnostic purposes or in specific procedures where a smaller incision is desired.

4. Robot-assisted laparoscope: This type of laparoscope is operated by a surgeon through robotic arms. It provides enhanced precision and dexterity during surgical procedures.

Each type of laparoscope has its own advantages and is selected based on the specific surgical needs and the surgeon's preference.

#Surgery

Laparoscopy and laparotomy:


-Laparotomy or open surgery is basically a surgical procedure which involves a large incision in the abdomen to facilitate a procedure.

-While laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure which sometimes referred as keyhole surgery as it uses a small incision.

#Surgery