Remember:
-The diagnosis of Miller Fisher syndrome can be confirmed by a positive anti-GQ1b iGg antibody testing.
#Genetic
-The diagnosis of Miller Fisher syndrome can be confirmed by a positive anti-GQ1b iGg antibody testing.
#Genetic
Asthma
Step 1. Always start the treatment of asthma with an inhaled short-acting
beta agonist (SABA) as needed.
-Examples of SABA are:
• Albuterol
• Pirbuterol
• Levalbuterol
-USMLE
#Respiratory
Step 1. Always start the treatment of asthma with an inhaled short-acting
beta agonist (SABA) as needed.
-Examples of SABA are:
• Albuterol
• Pirbuterol
• Levalbuterol
-USMLE
#Respiratory
Asthma
Step 2. Add a long-term control agent to a SABA. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids.
-(ICS) are the best initial long-term control agent.
-Example of ICS are:
• Beclomethasone, budesonide, flunisolide, fluticasone, mometasone,
triamcinolone.
#Respiratory
Step 2. Add a long-term control agent to a SABA. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids.
-(ICS) are the best initial long-term control agent.
-Example of ICS are:
• Beclomethasone, budesonide, flunisolide, fluticasone, mometasone,
triamcinolone.
#Respiratory
Asthma
Step 3. Add a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) to a SABA and ICS, or increase
the dose of the ICS.
-LABA medications are salmeterol or formoterol.
#Respiratory
Step 3. Add a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) to a SABA and ICS, or increase
the dose of the ICS.
-LABA medications are salmeterol or formoterol.
#Respiratory
Asthma
Step 5. Omalizumab may be added to the SABA, LABA, and ICS in those who
have an increased IgE level.
#Respiratory
Step 5. Omalizumab may be added to the SABA, LABA, and ICS in those who
have an increased IgE level.
#Respiratory
•Anti hypertensives drug of choice:
-In CKD/DM/proteinuria-ACEi/ARB
-In Gout-Losartan-Uricosuri, lowers uric acid levels
-With CAD/myocardial dysfunction-Beta blocker
-In Post renal Tx-CCB
-Pregnancy-Methyldopa/Labetolol/CCB.
#Cardiology
-In CKD/DM/proteinuria-ACEi/ARB
-In Gout-Losartan-Uricosuri, lowers uric acid levels
-With CAD/myocardial dysfunction-Beta blocker
-In Post renal Tx-CCB
-Pregnancy-Methyldopa/Labetolol/CCB.
#Cardiology
Degree of anaemia depending on Hb%
Hb >12 g/dl : Not anemic
Hb 10–11 g/dl : Mild anemia
Hb 8–9 g/dl : Moderate anemia
Hb 6–7 g/dl : Marked anemia
Hb 4–5 g/dl : Severe anemia
Hb < 4 g/dl : Critical.
#Anemia
Hb >12 g/dl : Not anemic
Hb 10–11 g/dl : Mild anemia
Hb 8–9 g/dl : Moderate anemia
Hb 6–7 g/dl : Marked anemia
Hb 4–5 g/dl : Severe anemia
Hb < 4 g/dl : Critical.
#Anemia
HLA associations
- HLA DR3 is associated with diabetes mellitus, autoimmune hepatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, Graves' disease, membranous glomerulonephritis, myasthenia gravis, Addison's disease, Sjogren syndrome and systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).
-HLA B47 is associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
-HLA B27 is associated with seronegative arthropathies such AS, RS.
-HLA A28 is associated with schizophrenia.
-HLA DR7 is associated with minimal-change disease (nephrotic syndrome).
#General
- HLA DR3 is associated with diabetes mellitus, autoimmune hepatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis, Graves' disease, membranous glomerulonephritis, myasthenia gravis, Addison's disease, Sjogren syndrome and systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE).
-HLA B47 is associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
-HLA B27 is associated with seronegative arthropathies such AS, RS.
-HLA A28 is associated with schizophrenia.
-HLA DR7 is associated with minimal-change disease (nephrotic syndrome).
#General
Remember:
Endocrine causes of HTN include:
-Acromegaly
-Cushing's syndrome
-Conn's syndrome
-Pheochromocytoma
-Hyperthyroidism
-Hypothyroidism
-P.Hyperparathyroidisim.
#Cardiology
Endocrine causes of HTN include:
-Acromegaly
-Cushing's syndrome
-Conn's syndrome
-Pheochromocytoma
-Hyperthyroidism
-Hypothyroidism
-P.Hyperparathyroidisim.
#Cardiology
It is recommended to withhold :
- ticagrelor for 3–5 days,
-clopidogrel for 5 days, and
- prasugrel for 7 days
prior to non-cardiac surgery.
#Cardiology
- ticagrelor for 3–5 days,
-clopidogrel for 5 days, and
- prasugrel for 7 days
prior to non-cardiac surgery.
#Cardiology
Remember
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) + = ?
-IDA + 🍞->diarrhea = Celiac disease
-IDA + dysphagia + esophageal webs = Plummer Vinson
-IDA + leg pain at night = Restless leg
-IDA + craving ice = Pagophagia
-IDA + hemolysis + hemoglobinuria = PNH.
#Blood
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) + = ?
-IDA + 🍞->diarrhea = Celiac disease
-IDA + dysphagia + esophageal webs = Plummer Vinson
-IDA + leg pain at night = Restless leg
-IDA + craving ice = Pagophagia
-IDA + hemolysis + hemoglobinuria = PNH.
#Blood
Antiphospholipid syndrome.
-Primary prevention 👉🏼Aspirin
-Secondary prevention 👉🏼 Warfarin for life INR 2-3 , if recurrence of DVT or arterial thrombosis while on warfarin , add aspirin and target INR above 3 (3-4).
-Secondary prevention in pregnancy 👉🏼 aspirin + LMWH .Can change to warfarin postpartum ( wait 5 days minimum ) .
#USMLE
#Rheumatology
-Primary prevention 👉🏼Aspirin
-Secondary prevention 👉🏼 Warfarin for life INR 2-3 , if recurrence of DVT or arterial thrombosis while on warfarin , add aspirin and target INR above 3 (3-4).
-Secondary prevention in pregnancy 👉🏼 aspirin + LMWH .Can change to warfarin postpartum ( wait 5 days minimum ) .
#USMLE
#Rheumatology
Remember:
-The main cause of death in Systemic sclerosis is PAH, Pulmonary fibrosis, GIT involvement and Cardiac disease.
#Rheumatology
-The main cause of death in Systemic sclerosis is PAH, Pulmonary fibrosis, GIT involvement and Cardiac disease.
#Rheumatology
Remember:
-Beta blockers are contraindicated in patients with Variant angina while they're the first line in Stable angina.
#Cardiology
-Beta blockers are contraindicated in patients with Variant angina while they're the first line in Stable angina.
#Cardiology
Causes of anemia in Systemic sclerosis :
1-Chronic inflammation: anemia of chronic disease.
2-Medications: Certain medications used to manage systemic sclerosis, such as (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), or immunosuppressants, can cause or contribute to anemia as a side effect.
3-Malabsorption: Systemic sclerosis can result in gastrointestinal complications, including malabsorption of nutrients like iron, folate, and vitamin B12. Deficiencies in these nutrients can lead to anemia.
4-Kidney involvement: In some cases, systemic sclerosis can affect the kidneys, leading to decreased production of erythropoietin—a hormone necessary for red blood cell production. This can result in anemia.
5-Bleeding complications: If systemic sclerosis affects blood vessels or involves gastrointestinal complications such as ulcers, abnormal bleeding can occur, leading to anemia.
6-Autoimmune anemia.
#Rheumatology
1-Chronic inflammation: anemia of chronic disease.
2-Medications: Certain medications used to manage systemic sclerosis, such as (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), or immunosuppressants, can cause or contribute to anemia as a side effect.
3-Malabsorption: Systemic sclerosis can result in gastrointestinal complications, including malabsorption of nutrients like iron, folate, and vitamin B12. Deficiencies in these nutrients can lead to anemia.
4-Kidney involvement: In some cases, systemic sclerosis can affect the kidneys, leading to decreased production of erythropoietin—a hormone necessary for red blood cell production. This can result in anemia.
5-Bleeding complications: If systemic sclerosis affects blood vessels or involves gastrointestinal complications such as ulcers, abnormal bleeding can occur, leading to anemia.
6-Autoimmune anemia.
#Rheumatology